Psych Ch 16

According to the text, more than _____ million Americans belong to small religious, interest, or self-help groups that meet regularly. 300 400 200 100

100

What is the most widely used therapy today?

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Sam suffers from schizophrenia, known to be a brain-based disorder. Because of this, he should choose _____ therapy. psychological biomedical a combination of biomedical and psychological no

a combo of biomedical and psychological

What kind of listening happens in client-centered therapy?

active listening

What does cognitive behavioral therapy seek to do?

alter patterns of thinking and behavior

Risperidone and olanzapine are what kind of drugs?

antipsychotic

Christopher has a two-year master's degree and specializes in helping those with a history of substance use disorder. Christopher is most likely a: cognitive psychologist psychiatrist. clinical psychiatrist. counselor

counselor

What are the common ingredients for therapy?

hope, new perspective, and empathetic/trusting/caring relationship

Antidepressants work to do what?

increase availability of neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or serotonin, which elevate arousal and mood

What are humanistic therapies referred to as?

insight therapies

What is an effective treatment for depression?

interpersonal psychotherapy

What does counterconditioning do?

pairs the trigger stimulus with a new response

What are the three parts of active listening?

paraphrase, invite clarification, reflect feelings

What does the humanistic approach emphasize?

people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment

Because she mistakenly believes the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates the _____ effect. operational clinical placebo treatment

placedbo

What is the study of drug effects on the mind?

psychopharmacology

Family therapists view the family as a: dysfunctional unit. functional unit. system. structure.

system

The placebo effect best illustrates the importance of _____ in therapeutic outcomes. active listening free association behavior modification cognitive processes

cognitive processes

Identifying and eliminating the socially stressful conditions that contribute to psychological disorders is of MOST central interest to the advocates of: the biomedical therapies. systematic desensitization. preventive mental health. cognitive-behavior therapy.

preventive mental health

Bonnie has just finished a two-year master program and now is in postgraduate supervision that is preparing her to offer psychotherapy to people with everyday personal and family problems. Bonnie is mostly likely preparing to be a: cognitive psychologist. clinical psychiatrist. psychiatrist. psychiatric social worker.

psychiatric social worker

Clarice seeks treatment for a history of childhood sexual abuse. She is interested in therapy which will help provide insight into her ongoing symptoms. Clarice is likely to receive _____. psychodynamic treatment humanistic therapy traditional psychoanalysis behavioral therapy

psychodynamic

Stephanie meets with her therapist once a week in order to talk about her marriage as well as the relationship she has with her parents. In addition to helping Stephanie seek insight about these relationships, Stephanie's therapist prescribes Stephanie medication. This is an example of: counterconditioning. exposure therapy. an eclectic approach. psychoanalysis.

an eclectic approach

_____ psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships. Cognitive Humanistic Psychoanalytic Interpersonal

interpersonal

One of the lingering misconceptions about ECT is that, when first introduced, it was used ubiquitously for people with mental illness. Research over time has shown that this treatment is very effective but only for people with _____. schizophrenia severe depression bipolar disorder chronic self-injurious behavior

severe depression

Which of the following drugs is MOST likely to provide patients with schizophrenia with some relief from their auditory hallucinations and paranoia? Thorazine Xanax Prozac lithium

thorazine

What does Freud's psychoanalysis seek to do?

to bring patients' repressed feelings into conscious awareness and helping them gain insight

What does the psychodynamic approach seek to do?

to help people understand their current symptoms

At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with all of her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates _____. poor rapport avoidance rationalization transference

transference

In psychoanalysis, when a patient experiences strong feelings for their therapist, this is called __________. Patients are said to demonstrate anxiety when they put up mental blocks around sensitive memories, indicating _________. The therapist will attempt to provide insight into the underlying anxiety by offering an ____________ of the mental block.

transference, resistance, interpretation

Leigh is a diligent clinician. In order to provide her clients with the best therapy she can provide she keeps up to date on the latest psychotherapy research. She also takes into consideration her patients' values, characteristics, preferences, and circumstances. Finally, she is also mindful of her own expertise. Leigh is using what approach in clinical decision making? unconditional positive regard eclectic approach evidence-based practice meta-analysis

EBP

Once seen as barbaric, this treatment is performed under controlled conditions using general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment. eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

ECT

A patient is lying on a couch and the clinician is out of the line of vision and whatever comes to mind the patient says out loud. This is a picture of what?

Free association

What are common antidepressants?

Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil

Barry's good friend has been dealing with severe anxiety for the last few months. However, he is reluctant to see a therapist because he is hoping that his anxious feelings will eventually go away. What can Barry say that might convince him that seeing a therapist would be beneficial? Even when therapy does not work, clients often think that it has worked. Those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve more quickly, and with less risk of relapse. Without therapy extreme or unusual behavior will not regress toward their normal tendency. Those not undergoing therapy will not get better.

Those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve more quickly, and with less risk of relapse.

Cognitive therapists are MOST likely to: focus special attention on clients' positive and negative feelings about their therapists. systematically associate clients' undesirable behaviors with unpleasant experiences. emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life events. employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients' difficulties.

emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life event

What are types of counterconditioning therapy?

exposure and aversion therapy

This therapy assumes that no person is an island, and that people live and grow in relation to others, especially their families. psychoanalysis cognitive therapy light exposure therapy family therapy

family therapy

Nadine has decided to seek help for some problems she is having. She knows a little about different therapies and has decided she doesn't want to get involved in anything long-term. However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her difficulties. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in: psychoanalysis. systematic desensitization. interpersonal psychotherapy. token economy.

interpersonal therapy

EDMR is probably most effective for what kind of client?

non-military PTSD

What does biomedical therapy seek to do?

offers medications and biological treatments

What does psychotherapy seek to do?

overcome difficulties to achieve personal growth by helping a client uncover hidden meaning for their earlier in life and achieve new ways of thinking and behaving

Operant conditioning therapy uses what to shape behavior?

punishments and rewards

Today, Ellen is going to the mental health clinic for a relatively new treatment. During the procedure her brain will be exposed to repeated pulses of magnetic energy. This type of treatment is known as: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). electrocardiogram (EKG). electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

rTMS

Critics of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) claim that this is the LEAST useful therapeutic component of the treatment. reliving traumatic memories a relaxing therapeutic environment patients' anticipation that the treatment will work rapidly moving one's eyes

rapidly moving one's eyes

Mood-stabilizing drugs work more by _____ than _____. easing depression; stabilizing mania reducing mania; reducing depression reducing depression; reducing psychosis reducing mood symptoms; improving cognition

reducing mania; reducing depression

What does Freud believe is a part of the psychoanalysis process?

resistance and transference

Zara's mother was in a mental institution in the late 1950s when antipsychotic drugs were first introduced. Like many others, Zara blames the _____ for her mother's subsequent homelessness. rush to deinstitutionalize the mentally ill use of antipsychotic medication long-term stays in institutions failure of institutions to properly care for the homeless

rush to deinstitutionalize

What kind of patients would benefit from antipsychotic drugs?

schizophrenia, personality disorder, etc.

Even though he has been taking medication for his depression, Gilbert recently attempted suicide. In an effort to better address his depression, his doctor is recommending electroconvulsive therapy. Gilbert is wondering about possible side effects. His doctor should tell him that the possible side effects include: seizures and memory loss. dry mouth and hypertension. a risk of obesity and diabetes. a headache.

seizures and memory loss

To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique best illustrates _____. content_hint: The answer is a type of therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. aversive conditioning virtual reality exposure systematic desensitization

systematic desensitization

Mary Ann, a woman in her 50s, was diagnosed with schizophrenia and prescribed antipsychotic medication starting in her 20s. She has used this medication continuously since then. What serious side effect is she MOST at risk for? insomnia tardive dyskinesia dry mouth auditory hallucinations

tardive dyskinesia

What do cognitive therapies seek to do?

teach people new, more constructive ways of thinking because they believe that our thinking colors our feeling

Client-centered therapy focuses on what?

the person's conscious self-perceptions

This is a caring, accepting, and nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance. unconditional positive regard unconditional hopeful regard unconditional negative regard genuinely positive regard

unconditional positive regard

To help Jacob overcome his smoking habit, a therapist puts him in a room with a carton of cigarettes laced with a chemical to induce nausea. He displays images of the dangers of smoking both on the walls and on a television set. This approach to treatment best illustrates _____. virtual reality systematic desensitization exposure aversive conditioning

aversive conditioning

_____ applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. Psychoanalysis Behavior therapy Cognitive therapy Interpersonal psychotherapy

behavior therapy

_____ is the process of prescribing medication or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology. Fixation Biomedical therapy Psychotherapy Reciprocal determinism

biomedical therapy

Exposure therapies aversive conditioning are application of ______________ conditioning? Token economies are an application of ____________ conditioning?

classical and operant

Sherry recognizes that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in non-depressed people. She is most likely a: behavior therapist. cognitive therapist. client-centered therapist. psychodynamic therapist.

cognitive therapist

Antianxiety drugs do what to the system?

depress the central nervous system (Xanax or Ativan)

Gradually reducing fear

systematic desensitization

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique best illustrates _____. systematic desensitization aversive conditioning virtual reality exposure

systematic desensitization