Psych ch.8

A public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of President Barack Obama. Polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed Barack Obama would be elected president. After the election results, the same people were asked if they believed Barack Obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people said yes. This may be an example of ________ bias

hindsight

Elaine wakes up in the hospital with a head injury. She gets to know her doctors and nurses over time, but it soon becomes clear that she has no memories from before she woke up in the hospital. Elaine has ________ amnesia.

retrograde

What is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance?

self-reference effect

Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of ________ encoding

semantic

According to Craik and Tulving, how do we process verbal information best?

semantic encoding

What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?

sensory

According to Baddeley and Hitch, ________.

short-term memory itself has different forms

Aleah remembers that her dog is named Rocky and her cat is named Skipper, but she can't remember the name of her first grade teacher's dog and cat. This is an example of ________.

Atkinson-Shiffrin model

Which of the following statements about the amygdala is correct?

The amygdala is involved in the process of transferring new learning into long-term memory

Encoding information occurs through ________.

automatic processing and effortful processing

Which concept describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories?

suggestibility

Forgetting anything good that happened on your trip to France because you just broke up with your French fiancée and now can't bear the thought of anything French is a good example of ________: Memories are distorted by your current belief system

bias

For many in the baby-boom generation, the Kennedy assassination represents a ________, an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event

flashbulb memory

Which category of memory failure associated with the seven sins of memory is exemplified by the following? Amantha left her phone somewhere, but she can't remember where

forgetting

People may not intend to distort facts, but ________.

it can happen in the process of retrieving old memories and combining them with new memories

Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.

thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory

Felipe looks over his presentation, and he notices that some of the words are written in bold and some are written in italic. His ability to remember these differences is an example of ________ encoding

visual

Remembering ________ is a good example of semantic memory

what the word chocolate means

Remembering ________ is a good example of episodic memory

your first day of school