Psych exam 2

cornea

Clear, hard covering that protects the lens

Four

How many stages are there to non-REM sleep?

insomnia

Nathan is a budding lawyer experiencing troubled sleep. Let alone the occasional disturbed sleep, he takes not less than two hours to fall asleep. Even though he has been getting sleep at times since the last three weeks, he complains about not feeling rested after a night's sleep. Nathan's symptoms suggest that he suffers from:

retina

The ______ is a thin layer of nerve tissue that lines the back of the eye.

amygdala

The _______ is involved in assigning emotional significance to events and is crucial in encoding information relevant to emotional experiences.

fovea

The _______, a spot on the back of the retina, contains the highest concentration of cones in the retina.

selective attention

The ability to focus awareness on specific features in the environment while ignoring others is termed as:

semantic memory

When one knows or remembers something but does not consciously know that one remembers it, then one is said to be tapping into:

Melatonin

Which hormone plays a role in relaxation and drowsiness in human beings?

B. Addictions

Which of the following can be best described as a condition that results from habitual use or physical and psychological dependence on a substance? A. hallucinations B. addictions C. stroop effect D. hypnosis

B. Morphine

Which of the following can be classified as an opioid? A. pentobarbital B. morphine C. Chlordiazepoxide D. Diazepam

A. meditation

Which of the following is a form of mental training that can be used to calm the mind, stabilize concentration, or enhance awareness of the present moment? A. meditation B. sleep C. the administration of a psychoactive drug D. sensory deprivation

A. sustained attention

Which of the following is an attentional process that helps determine the contents of consciousness at any given moment in time? A. sustained attention B. flashing attention C. alternating attention D. divided attention

the lens

Which part of the eye is responsible for bending light rays so that light can be focused on the retina?

Freud

Which psychologist coined the term preconscious?

Sleep changes throughout the night

With EEG technology, scientists were able to learn that:

Explicit

______ memories are the ones that require conscious effort retrieval.

Episodic

______ memory is one's memory for the experiences one has had.

implicit

_______ memories are retrieved without conscious effort.

Storage

_______, the retention of memory over time, is the third stage of long-term memory formation.

cones

________ are photoreceptors that are responsible for color vision and are most functional in conditions of bright light

perception

________ is the act of organizing and interpreting sensory experience.

sensation

________ is the stimulation of our sense organs by the outer world.

rods

_________ are photoreceptors in the retina that play a key role in night vision, as they are most responsive to dark and light contrast

Memory

_________ is the ability to store and use information.

Sensory memory

____________ is made up of the brief traces of a sensation left by the firing of neurons in the brain.

depressant

if a drug slows down central nervous system activity while increasing the activity of the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, then in it most likely to be a(n):

4-6; 90

Adults move through about _______ different cycles of non-REM sleep and REM sleep every night, with each cycle lasting roughly ________ minutes.

pupil

After entering through the cornea, light passes through liquid until it reaches a hole called the _____.

vegetative

In which state will a person be wakeful but not very awake?

Retrieval

Jiao is trying to remember where she kept the receipt of the birthday gift she bought her mother. In which stage of long-term memory processing is Jiao engaged?

frontal lobe

John is a heavy binge drinker who has trouble with planning, working memory, and abstract thinking. Scanning of John's brain would reveal that he has a damaged:

long-term memory

Memories of one's first pet and how to read reside in:

The cocktail party effect

Nina is attending a get-together where she has to struggle to listen to a conversation with her colleague due to a lot of background noise. However, her ears prick up as soon as she hears her name being mentioned by someone in another part of the room and, consequently, she loses the thread of conversation with her colleague. Which term best describes the experience Nina has?

encoding

Of the following, _______ is the first processing stage in long-term memory.

minimally conscious

People show signs of intentional behavior when they are:

circadian rhythm

Raj is an employed youth who has been recently moved to a night shift. Of late, he has been complaining of disturbed sleep and poor concentration. He also feels fatigued and listless more often. A change in ________ is most likely to have caused Raj's problem.

has developed a psychological dependence on coffee

Salim likes to have coffee. He has begun to consume several cups of coffee even when he has nothing much to keep himself busy. He says that coffee keeps his spirits up by alleviating boredom. This indicates that Salim

iris

The colored part of the eye, called the _______, adjusts the pupil to control the amount of light entering the eye.

0.08

The legal limit of blood alcohol concentration for driving in all states of the United States is ______ BAC.

awareness

The monitoring of information from the environment and from one's own thoughts is termed as:

Chunking

The string of digits 17749991941 is difficult for most people to remember, but breaking them up into 1774, 999, 1941 in a process called _________ makes it easier.

red, blue, and green

The trichromatic theory of color vision states that all colors humans experience results from a mixture of:

cochlea

The vibrations on the oval window send movement through the fluid-filled cavity of the _______.

Hallucination

What condition is a predominant feature of amphetamine psychosis?

Rapid eye movement

What does REM stand for?

Marijuana

What is a hallucinogen that is also recommended and prescribed for people who suffer chemotherapy-related nausea or the involuntary weight loss due to AIDS?

inattentional blindness

What is a phenomenon by which one fails to notice unexpected objects in her or his surroundings?

Nicotine

What is a powerful stimulant that is more difficult to quit and also reduces blood supply to skin tissue?

short-term memory

What part of memory stores limited information long enough to remember a phone number before one dials it?

moderately conscious

When a person is roused by the sounds that seem important while filtering out the rest that seem run-of-the-mill, he/she is in a(n) ____________ state.