Psych Exam 3 Study Questions

The MOST realistic statement a person with anorexia would make following cognitive treatment is: A) "I expect to feel fat because of my illness." B) "I no longer feel fat." C) "Although I'm fat, I like my body now." D)"I don't just feel fat; I am fat."

"I expect to feel fat because of my illness."

According to research, 18 percent of unemployed adults use an illegal drug. This is approximately _____ the rate seen in employed adults.

1.5

Which medical breakthrough is MOST likely to appeal to an overweight person?

A way to safely increase GLP-1 in humans

Which description BEST represents someone with bulimia nervosa? A) A woman concerned about putting on a few extra pounds decides to replace her usual junk food snacks with fruit and begins a new high-intensity exercise program. B) A woman carefully monitors everything she eats. She always skips breakfast and restricts meals to less than 200 calories. She avoids social situations where food is likely to be served. C) A woman regularly tells herself that she is going to eat a small healthy meal but then commonly finds herself eating an entire pizza, a carton of ice cream, and a box of doughnuts at one sitting. She immediately feels shame and guilt and then forces herself to throw it all up. D)During periods of peak stress, a woman repeatedly finds herself devouring any sweets she can find: brownies, donuts, ice cream, and so on. She consumes thousands of calories in one sitting and immediately experiences guilt.

A woman regularly tells herself that she is going to eat a small healthy meal but then commonly finds herself eating an entire pizza, a carton of ice cream, and a box of doughnuts at one sitting. She immediately feels shame and guilt and then forces herself to throw it all up.

Of the following, which has the HIGHEST risk of causing organ damage and long-lasting mental change?

Alcohol

Which statement is TRUE regarding binge eating disorder?

Binge eating disorder is associated with being overweight or obese.

After eating chips, burgers, and fries and drinking two shakes, a woman goes to the gym to "work it off." She does 90 minutes on the elliptical, spends an hour on the stair stepper, and lifts weights for another hour. She then fasts for 72 hours. She repeats this pattern a few days later. Based on this information, which diagnosis would be MOST fitting?

Bulimia nervosa

In which case is someone MOST likely to develop an eating disorder? A) If the person has a fraternal twin with anorexia nervosa B) If the person has a fraternal twin with bulimia nervosa C) If the person has an identical twin with anorexia nervosa D)If the person has an identical twin with bulimia nervosa

C) If the person has an identical twin with anorexia nervosa

Of the following, which has the LOWEST risks for drug dependency and long-term behavioral change?

Cannabis

How do delirium tremens (DTs) differ from other withdrawal reactions?

DTs are associated with serious health consequences that could result in death

Months after last taking a drug, a former drug abuser still produces very little serotonin. The person is depressed and anxious and has great difficulty remembering new material. MOST likely, the abused substance was:

Ecstasy

Which research finding supports the idea that individuals may inherit a predisposition to posttraumatic stress disorder

Elevated cortisol levels in babies born to women who were pregnant during the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks

With regard to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), what effect is expected in soldiers who are directly exposed to prolonged combat-related stress?

Higher rates of PTSD symptoms

Why do some researchers believe dissociative identity disorder is culture-bound?

It is rare or nonexistent in certain countries

A patient in an alcohol rehabilitation center tells you a detailed story about growing up in the mountains of Tennessee. Later, you find out that the person had never even visited Tennessee. A day later you visit the patient again, and the patient does not recognize you. This patient is MOST likely suffering from:

Korsakoff's syndrome

After a major earthquake, television coverage showed survivors shuffling confusedly through the ruined buildings. If such victims later could not remember the days immediately after the earthquake, the victims would be suffering from which type of amnesia?

Localized

Imagine that you just had a "close call" while driving, but now you feel your body returning to normal. Which part of your nervous system is controlling this return to normalcy?

Parasympathetic nervous system

Pat and Kelly each have five of the same cocktail. Pat gets very drunk. Kelly does not. Which factor would MOST likely account for this difference?

Pat is a woman, and Kelly is a man

A woman with anorexia has lanugo. What has happened?

She has grown fine silky hair on her body.

Quent recently quit using heroin. He won't eat, has a high fever, and has been vomiting frequently. Quent is MOST likely how far along in the withdrawal process?

The first two to three days

Which incident presents the GREATEST risk that the person will develop posttraumatic stress disorder?

Witnessing a friend die as a result of being shot point blank by another person

Just before 8 A.M. (when my first class meets), my young daughter did something that annoyed me as I was about to leave home for the short drive to campus. "Katie," I said, "what do I always say at a time like this?" She looked at the clock, and then said to me, "What you say is, 'Where are my keys?'" My daughter was apparently familiar with my:

absentmindedness

"I have this vague sense that something isn't right, but I just can't describe it," is a statement MOST likely said by someone experiencing: A) exposure to response intervention. B) an enmeshed family. C) alexithymia. D)a weight set point.

alexithymia

Research has shown that, compared with other cognitive-behavioral techniques, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for substance use disorder is:

at least as effective and sometimes more effective

Transient depersonalization and derealization:

can be induced by a life-threatening experience

A patient with anorexia who says, "My self-worth is not dependent on my weight," has most likely received:

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Ever since Paul's car crash, during which he was miraculously unhurt, Paul has not been the same. He forgets appointments, friends' names, and even things done in the past few days. His amnesia is termed

continuous

A newly developed drug causes users to lose some muscle control and slur their words. The drug also results in a slowing of central nervous system activity. MOST likely this drug is a:

depressant

Research on evoked potential with people with dissociative identity disorder has revealed that

different subpersonalities show different brain-response patterns

People who are unable to recall important information about themselves, especially of an upsetting nature, are MOST likely experiencing:

dissociative amnesia

Jake is lying in bed and suddenly feels as though he is floating above his body. This is called:

doubling

If the state-dependent learning explanation of dissociative disorders is correct, a subpersonality would be MOST likely to present

during a time of stress

A student who dreads being called on in class, and in fact panics at the thought of public speaking, is experiencing a(n) _____ response to stress

emotional

Jacquie developed PTSD after being held in captivity for years. She is upset by what she had to do to survive and perhaps even feels unworthy of surviving. This is an example of:

experiencing increased anger, anxiety, and guilt

A therapist who sat with a patient with bulimia while the patient ate appropriate quantities of "forbidden" foods, and then stayed until the patient no longer had the urge to purge, would be practicing:

exposure and response prevention

Peter is a behavioral therapist who exposes patients with bulimia to situations that usually cause binge episodes and then prevents them from binge eating. This technique is called:

exposure and response prevention

A man with muscle dysmorphia is MOST likely to:

feel that he is scrawny despite the fact that he is not

In the treatment of dissociative amnesia, sodium amobarbital and sodium pentobarbital work by:

freeing people from their inhibitions, thus allowing them to recall unpleasant events

Despite concerns regarding the use of methadone maintenance programs, those in favor of such programs commonly argue that they

help reduce the spread of HIV and hepatitis C.

A person who uses the drug Ecstasy at a crowded party begins to feel too hot and immediately drinks lots of fluids. This person is at risk for:

hyperthermia and possible water intoxication

The concordance rate for anorexia nervosa in identical twins is 70 percent. This means that:

if one identical twin has anorexia, there is a 70 percent chance that the other twin has anorexia too.

Melanie has been out with friends and has been using drugs. Despite being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of:

intoxication

A client receiving treatment for identity disorder is progressing well through therapy; then, fusion occurs. MOST likely, the client has:

merged the final two or more subpersonalities

A young woman who is very concerned about being attractive to others, is more sexually experienced, and has relatively few obsessive qualities is:

more likely to be experiencing bulimia than anorexia

The MOST appropriate diagnosis for a man who is strong and fit but does not see himself that way and continues to push himself is:

muscle dysmorphia

EMTs responding to an emergency call find a person who has injected an overdose of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid. The BEST opioid antagonist to use in this situation is:

naloxone

If someone opposes the medical use of THC, that person MOST likely feels that way because:

of legal reasons

The drug that, when misused, would MOST quickly result in dependence or addiction would be:

opium

A flash flood hits a small Appalachian community. Those providing a critical incident stress debriefing intervention would:

provide short-term counseling services

Wesley, a recovering heavy drinker, has been trained to identify the situations that might cause him to drink and to be aware of when he should stop drinking. This approach is known as:

relapse-prevention training

Three chronic marijuana users—a light user, a moderate user, and a heavy user—stop using marijuana. Before quitting, all three experienced abnormal blood flow in their brains. Several weeks later, blood flow in their brains had MOST likely:

returned to nearly normal for all three

Most meth labs are relatively _____ operations in _____ areas

small; remote

The statement, "This is awful, but I guess I can deal with it like I do everything else," represents one person's

stress response

Norepinephrine is to _____ as corticosteroid is to _____

the sympathetic pathway; the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway

Serotonin levels are low in those with eating disorders and in those with obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. This means that:

there is a relationship, but no evidence of causation.

A frequent drug user finds that larger doses of a drug are necessary to produce the same "high" that much lower doses once produced. That drug user is developing:

tolerance

A person uses a substance at noon. Although remaining awake and alert, the person experiences poor coordination, palpitations, and greatly enhanced visual perceptions. By dinner, the symptoms have almost completely subsided. The person MOST likely:

took LSD

A feeling of detachment from oneself could be diagnosed as PTSD or depersonalization disorder. To determine which diagnosis BEST fits, one would consider:

which symptoms predominated

Which situation would be MOST likely to lead to a diagnosis of muscle dysmorphia? A) A man diets excessively, trying to have a body more like a woman's. B) A man exercises excessively to lose weight and muscle mass. C) A man who is excessively obese engages in binge eating. D)A man is muscular but does not see himself as being muscular, so he continues to strive for a perfect body.

A man is muscular but does not see himself as being muscular, so he continues to strive for a perfect body

Which is the MOST accurate statement about the effectiveness of psychological debriefing in the aftermath of a disaster (based on research studies)? A) Debriefing helps both rescuers and victims. B) Debriefing by victims is more effective than debriefing by professionals. C) Debriefing can have a negative effect on some victims. D)Debriefing is so ineffective that it is no longer done

Debriefing can have a negative effect on some victims

Calorie-restrictive dieting has been cited as a common precursor to eating disorders. Which statement BEST supports this relationship? A) Restrictive diets increase the body's metabolism, which increases calorie expenditure and thereby results in more substantial weight loss. B) After sustained calorie restriction, many people experience long-term early satiety, making it difficult to resume "normal" calorie intake. C) Extended periods of calorie restriction can heighten a person's feelings about weight and food, including feelings of guilt or shame related to food and eating. D)Prolonged or repeated dieting commonly causes food aversion to a wide range of food types, which then leads to a continuation of reduced caloric intake.

Extended periods of calorie restriction can heighten a person's feelings about weight and food, including feelings of guilt or shame related to food and eating

A person admits that for the past few months, once or twice per week she has ended up consuming significant amounts of food and then vomiting afterward to prevent weight gain. Which other factor would have to be present to meet the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa?

Extreme concern with one's body shape and weight

Studies have reported that adolescent girls who spend increased time on Facebook are more likely to have a negative body image and display signs of eating disorders. Which aspect of Facebook MOST likely accounts for this association? A) Facebook is an image-driven platform. B) Facebook users tend to be covert narcissists. C) Adolescent users tend to be more honest in their status post updates. D)Adolescents commonly have a large number of peers who also use the platform.

Facebook is an image-driven platform

I've been diagnosed with gambling disorder," a friend says. "Which kind of therapy works best?" Based on current research, your BEST response is:

I'd suggest cognitive-behavioral therapies, biological therapies, and self-help groups."

Which is NOT a risk for young people abusing cocaine?

Macular degeneration

Your friend has been restless all day and suddenly insists that the two of you go to the casino. You know your friend has been to the casino multiple times in the past two weeks and also has an important research paper he should be working on. However, he relentlessly pursues the idea of going to the casino. Does your friend qualify for the diagnosis of gambling disorder?

Maybe; the restlessness and prioritizing of gambling over other responsibilities could be signs of gambling disorder

Which statement about rape is MOST accurate? A) Most rape victims do not know their attackers. B) Most rape victims are younger than age 35. C) About equal numbers of men and women are raped. D)About 1 in 10 women are raped in their lifetime.

Most rape victims are younger than age 35

Which is the BEST example of the subpersonalities in dissociative identity disorder differing in identifying features? A) One personality can drive or sew and another cannot. B) One personality has asthma and another does not. C) One personality has high blood pressure and another does not. D)One personality is a woman and another is a man

One personality is a woman and another is a man

"Depression and eating disorders are correlated." What does this statement mean?

People with eating disorders also tend to experience depression

Which example would you expect to negatively influence an adolescent girl's body image?

Photo manipulation of images making women look thinner than they are in real life

People who do not have anorexia and are placed on a starvation diet show many of the food preoccupations of people with anorexia nervosa. Which conclusions can be drawn from this finding?

Preoccupation with food is likely the result of starvation, rather than the underlying cause of anorexia

Which statement about the long-term effects of rape on women is MOST accurate? A) Although psychological effects of rape can be long lasting, physical effects are uncommon. B) Rape victims are significantly more likely to abuse alcohol or drugs. C) Women who have been raped are less likely to seek medical treatment. D)Rape has a significant negative effect on a woman's fertility

Rape victims are significantly more likely to abuse alcohol or drugs

Darla thinks she has bad luck. She repeatedly says, "Bad things just happen to me. It doesn't matter what I do. If it can go wrong, it will. And it always does." How does this thinking relate to the development of stress disorders?

She is more susceptible to a stress disorder

A friend has done some heavy drinking and asks you what to do to "sober up" as quickly as possible. The response that is MOST appropriate is:

Stop drinking

A common cardiovascular effect of anorexia is a slow heart rate (bradycardia). Which explanation BEST describes why this is true? A) Exercise lowers a person's heart rate. B) The body is trying to conserve energy. C) Less blood flow is needed in persons who are underweight. D) The body has lost its insulating outer layer of fat.

The body is trying to conserve energy

In 2017, the Calorie Control Council reported that the average Thanksgiving meal consists of more than 3,000 calories, yet this is not considered a binge eating episode. Why not?

The person did not experience a loss of control while eating or feel shame afterward

A person who has anorexia nervosa has dry, rough, cracked skin and may develop lanugo. Why would you not expect to see these symptoms in someone with binge eating disorder?

These symptoms result from nutritional deficiencies caused by starvation

What is the significance of the 1940s study by Keys et al. in which healthy individuals placed on a semistarvation diet developed a preoccupation with food?

This study shows that healthy individuals are likely to develop anorexia nervosa when placed on a semistarvation diet.

The treatment for anorexia may include family therapy. As part of family therapy, the patient and family participate in therapeutic family meals. What is the MOST likely goal of this activity?

To observe the family dynamics during mealtime and address unhealthy behaviors

If one found that the average weight and size of cheerleaders had declined significantly over the years, and that those who aspired to be cheerleaders had a high level of eating disorders, that would be evidence for a _____ cause of eating disorders.

societal

A college professor's work performance recently has deteriorated, and his colleagues find him difficult to talk to. If this is due to a problem with drugs, the best description of this professor's behavior would be:

substance Intoxication

In response to a threat, we perspire, breathe more quickly, get goose bumps, and feel nauseated. These responses are controlled by the:

sympathetic nervous system

Leo drank quite a lot at the "biggest party of the year." Later, he had trouble falling asleep, so he took a Valium. If he dies from respiratory failure during the night, it is probably because the alcohol and Valium created a(n):

synergistic effect