Psych LearningCurve 8a. Thinking and Language

The easier it is for an individual to remember a circumstance in which a car battery failed to function, the more he expects such an event to recur. This BEST illustrates the impact of the _____ heuristic.

availability

Four-month-old Shayna is starting to say things like "ah-goo" and "da-da-da-da." Shayna is in the _____ stage of language development. a. two-word b. babbling c. telegraphic-speech d. one-word

babbling

A potential source of irrationality is _____, our tendency to cling to our beliefs in the face of contradictory evidence.

belief perseverance

There is a small group of people who still think that the Earth is flat despite the fact that they are often otherwise normal members of modern society. They are exhibiting _____.

belief perseverance

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is MOST likely in the _____ stage of language development. a. telegraphic-speech b. one-word c. babbling d. syntactic

one-word

People who make outstanding creative contributions to the arts or sciences are MOST likely to: a, be unusually sensitive to criticism of their ideas. b. receive above-average scores on tests of divergent thinking. c. receive above-average scores on test of convergent thinking. d. be strongly motivated to attain fame and fortune.

receive above-average scores on tests of divergent thinking.

After a skydiving accident, Laurie was unable to make sense of other people's speech. It is likely that she suffered brain damage to: a. the motor cortex. b. Broca's area. c. Wernicke's area. d. the occipital lobe.

Wernicke's area.

Ape vocabularies and sentences are simple and MOST closely resemble those of a _____-year-old child.

2

After she suffered a stroke, Mrs. Jacobitz had so much difficulty speaking that she had to communicate by writing. This suggests that her brain damage occurred in: a. the occipital lobe. b. Wernicke's area. c. Broca's area. d. the temporal lobe.

Broca's area.

Joel suffered a head injury after crashing his motorcycle. When he awoke from a two-day coma, he found that he could formulate his thoughts linguistically, but he lost the ability to speak. Joel suffered damage to: a. the temporal lobe. b. the occipital lobe. c. Broca's area. d. Wernicke's area.

Broca's area.

Which person is NOT demonstrating creative thinking? a. Twenty-five-year-old LaRon is a gifted young architect who is relied upon by his firm because he can find alternative solutions to spacing issues. b. Fifteen-year-old Tang plays the violin and writes his own composition whenever a melody comes to him. c. Ten-year-old Amelia is always using various discarded objects from the garage for her own inspired art projects. d. Seventeen-year-old Jason is an excellent test taker and does very well on aptitude tests.

Seventeen-year-old Jason is an excellent test taker and does very well on aptitude tests.

The formula "two parts oil to one part vinegar" is guaranteed to yield decent oil-and-vinegar salad dressing. In problem-solving terms, this recipe is a(n): a. insight. b. prototype. c. algorithm. d. heuristic.

algorithm

When we use the term "Asian" to refer to a category of people, we are using this word to denote a(n) _____.

concept

"Eureka! I've got it!" That sudden awareness of the path toward a problem's solution is called: a. intuition b. fixation c. cognition d. insight

insight

The beginning of babies' receptive language development is BEST illustrated by their capacity to: a. comprehend the meaning of languages they have never experienced. b. babble only sounds that are part of the household language. c. match another person's distinctive mouth movements with the appropriate sounds. d. recognize the distinctive sound of their own voice.

match another person's distinctive mouth movements with the appropriate sounds.