Psych Test 1

Psychoanalytic theorists argue that human development depends on:

The influence of internal drives and emotions upon behavior.

Which of the following processes is involved in synaptic pruning?

Unnecessary neural pathways and connections are eliminated.

True statement about the influence of heroin and methadone on prenatal and infant development?

Use can cause miscarriage, premature labor, and death.

Under what circumstances will a recessive gene be expressed?

When it is paired with a recessive gene with the same trait.

Family of theories concerned with the developmental aspects of thinking, memory, and logic?

Cognitive

What describes changes in thinking, memory, problem solving, and other intellectual skills?

Cognitive Domain

What are significant periods in development with sensitivity to some particular kind of experience called?

Critical period

What is the social-cognitive term describing the expectancies we acquire about what we can and can't do?

self-efficacy

Important trend in human development involves many theoretical perspectives to better explain development?

Eclecticism

What is the name of the sheath around axons which also serves as insulations and speeds neural transmissions?

Myelin.

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from the cat in the hat studies?

Newborn infants respond to sounds heard during the last trimester of development.

Erikson's dilemma of intimacy vs. isolation is associated with which developmental age?

18-30 years

An infant's sleep/wake schedule lasts approximately how long?

2-3 hours

The nucleus of the majority of typical human cells contain how many chromosomes?

23 pairs

Which of the following defines the term "scheme" according to Piaget?

A cognitive structure that guides behaviors and actions.

Periods of development describe which aspect of developmental theories?

Age-Related changes

Which theorist is primarily responsible for developing social-cognitive learning theory?

Albert Bandura

Jean-Jacques Rousseau that the basis for human development is:

An individual's response to external, environmental influences.

Which of the following is a primary function of brain development in the first year of life?

Formation of synapses

What is the term used to refer to cells that unite at conception?

Gametes

Term for unique genetic blueprint created from genes contributed by both parents?

Genotype

Which of the following best describes the current perspective on human development?

Human Development begins at conception and continues through the lifespan.

Behavior genetics researchers have a particular interest in studying:

Identical twins

Erikson's development theory called "psychosocial" because it involves the interaction of ____ and ____?

Internal drives/ cultural demands

Behavior is more likely to repeat if:

It has been reinforced.

Which of the following is a major weakness of psychoanalytic theories?

It has been very difficult to test their key concepts.

Which statement is true of a trait that is passed through mitochondrial inheritance?

It is passed from a mother to her children.

Who argued that children are born with a mind that is a blank slate?

John Locke

How many neurons and glial cells are present at birth?

Millions.

Dark hair and dark eyes despite the biological mother being fair-skinned are?

Phenotype

What describes changes in size, shape, and characteristics of the body?

Physical Domain

Your brain has the ability to change in response to experience, this process is called:

Plasticity.

Attention is regulated by which of the following structures?

Reticular formation

Adult adaptation to a child's dev level to assist child dev new skill or ability. Vygotsky.

Scaffolding

Before storing in long term memory which of the following memory systems is the info being processed?

Short-term memory

Which domains of developmental psychology examines interactions with others?

Social

Organogenesis is?

Structures of the embryos organs, organ systems, and body parts are complete.

Classical conditioning plays an important role in which of the following?

The development of emotional responses such as anxiety or embarrassment.

What is a trisomy?

Three copies of a specific autosome.

Which of the following is true regarding prenatal infection with HIV?

Transmission is more likely when the mother has AIDS rather than HIV+.