PSYCH TEST #2

what term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after the removal of the stimulus?

afterimage

congenital deafness refers to deafness as a result of

birth

inattention ______ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to lack of attention.

blindness

the_______ rhythm is the biological rythym that occurs over approximately 24 hours

cicardian

most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ______ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

circadian rhythm

______ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgement, language and memory?

cognition

are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. They are, in many ways, big ideas that are generated by observing details, and categorizing and combining these details into cognitive structures.

concept

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

conditioning

when an organism receives a reinforcer each time it displays a behavior it is called _______ reinforcement.

continuous

Sleep apnea is defined by ________.

episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops

_______ schema is known as a cognitive script

event

________ is known for little albert.

john b. watson

which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?

kinesthesia

which term describes a communication system that uses systematic rules to organize words to transmit information from one individual to another?

language

The hidden meaning of a dream is the _______ content, according to Freud.

latent

_______ dream people become aware that they are dreaming and control the dream's content?

lucid dream/inception

______ involves approaching a problem in a way thats worked in the past but clearly is no longer working

mental set

a_______ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning?

morpheme

Two lines appear to be a different length, though in reality they are the same length. This is known as the ________ illusion.

muller lyre

Learning that occurs while watching others and then imitating, or modeling, what they do or say is called ________ learning.

observational

which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain?

optic nerve

________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role.

parasomnia

______ is a chemical message sent by another individual

pheromones

who describes the collective on conscious?

Carl Jung

classical conditioning is the association that is learned between?

a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus

which theorist describes dreams as having manifest and latent content?

Sigmund Freud

Raymong Cattell was a psychologist who?

-he was in the G unit -G factor intelligence -one G to rule them all -believed intelligence consisted of one general factor called G ANSWER: G

From ________ months old, children are most capable of using simple sentences such as "I see."

18-24

_____ is the best example for representation of a concept

archetypes

which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance or optimal level within a biological system?

homeostasis

what concept is illustrated by the following study? participants were instructed to focus on the white and black objects disregarding the other colors. When a red cross passed across the screen about 1/3 of the subjects did not notice it.

inattentional blindness

a stimulus plus a response results in a satisfying outcome, the probability of that response occurring again________.

increases

Birds migrating, cats chasing prey, sea turtles moving toward the ocean immediately after birth, and joeys moving to the mother's pouch immediately after birth are all examples of ________.

instinct

innate behaviors that are triggered by a broader range of events, such as aging and the change of seasons. They are more complex patterns of behavior, involve movement of the organism as a whole (e.g., sexual activity and migration), and involve higher brain centers.

instincts

the sleep debt is a result of.....

insufficient sleep on chronic basis

______ is a mental construct consisting of a cluster of collection of related concepts

schema

which state is marked by relatively low levels of physical activity, and reduced sensory awareness, that is distinct from periods of rest while awake?

sleep

sleep walking is also referred to________

somnambulism

terry has a condition that fears strawberries. raspberries are similar to strawberries even though no attempt was made to scare terry with the raspberries, she reacts in fear when she sees them. This is an example of____________.

stimulus generalization

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________.

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

which terms describes the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words?

syntax

which of the following is an example of a reflex?

the pupil of your eye contracting in the presence of bright light

From a psychological perspective, the term cognition means ________.

thinking