Psychology 1010 Chapter 4

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity. A. antipsychotic B. depressant C. hallucinogen D. stimulant

B. depressant

. A state of ________, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness. A. cognizance B. insomnia C. meditation D. narcolepsy

C. meditation

Tariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so infrequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify? A. physical dependence B. psychological dependence C. tolerance D. withdrawal

B. psychological dependence

29. ________theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist. A. cognitive behavioral B. dissociative C. Jungian D. social-cognitive

B. dissociative

16. Sleep apnea is defined by ________. A. a sense of panic in the sufferer often accompanied by screams and attempts to escape B. episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops C. uncomfortable sensations in the legs during periods of inactivity or when trying to fall asleep D. unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep

B. episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops

17. Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________. A. lucid dreaming B. parasomnias C. protoconsciousness D. somnambulis

B. parasomnias

5. What can you do to realign your biological clock with the external world when you work a rotating shift? A. Expose yourself to bright light while working. B. Surround yourself with darkness while working. C. Take a break every hour to exercise for five minutes. D. Take regular naps throughout the day.

A. Expose yourself to bright light while working.

3. Which of the following is not a risk factor for SIDS? A. above average birth weight B. hyperthermia C. premature birth D. smoking in the home

A. above average birth weight

19. Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world. A. circadian B. external C. melatonin D. rhythm

A. circadian

20. The sleep cycle is an example of a(n) ________ rhythm. A. circadian B. external C. protoconscious D. stimulus

A. circadian

The ________ rhythm is the biological rhythm that occurs over approximately 24 hours. A. circadian B. homeostatic C. meta D. pineal

A. circadian

10. In what stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

B. 2

6. Which of the following statements about sleep-wake cycles is false? A. Brain areas involved in sleep-wake cycles include the thalamus, hypothalamus, and pons. B. Melatonin initiates the waking cycle. C. Sleep is associated with the secretion and regulation of a number of hormones. D. They are controlled by multiple brain areas acting together.

B. Melatonin initiates the waking cycle.

Physical dependence on a drug is indicated by the user experiencing ________ as a result of discontinuing use of the drug. A. a return to normal performance levels B. changes in normal bodily function C. psychological distress D. psychological stress

B. changes in normal bodily function

he sleep debt is the result of ________. A. high levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behavior B. insufficient sleep on a chronic basis C. the circadian rhythm D. travel from one-time zone to another

B. insufficient sleep on a chronic basis

1. Which of the following is not a benefit associated with adequate amounts of sleep? A. improving mood B. less exposure to carcinogens C. lower stress levels D. maintaining healthy weight

B. less exposure to carcinogens

11. In a ________ dream, people become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dream's content. A. K-complex B. lucid C. REM D. theta wave

B. lucid

24. Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________. A. insomnia B. narcolepsy C. night terrors D. restless leg syndrome

B. narcolepsy

12. The hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content. A. alpha B. Freudian C. latent D. manifest

C. latent

15. ________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role. A. insomnia B. NREM phase C. parasomnia D. REM phase

C. parasomnia

13. ________ involves a virtual reality model of the world. A. lucid dreaming B. manifest content C. protoconsciousness D. stage 1 sleep

C. protoconsciousness

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep. A. night terrors B. non-REM C. NREM D. REM

D. REM

22. Isla is describing her dream to a friend. She explains that in her dream she being chased by zombies and she escaped them by hiding in a refrigerator. Her description of her dream is focused on ________ content. A. Freudian B. Jungian C. latent D. manifest

D. manifest

14. Sleepwalking is also referred to as ________. A. hypersomnia B. night terror C. restless leg syndrome D. somnambulism

D. somnambulism

After Omar falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does Omar have? A. night terrors B. B.REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) C. restless leg syndrome D. sleep apnea

A. night terrors

2. How many of the five stages of sleep are considered NREM sleep? A. one B. two C. three D. four

A. one

27. Individuals undergoing hypnosis ________. A. can be coerced into harming themselves and others by a skilled hypnotist B. report no memory of the events that occurred during the period they were hypnotized C. usually do not have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are not in control of their own behaviors D. usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors

D. usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors

Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________. A. conscience B. consciousness C. REM sleep D. unconsciousness

B. consciousness

Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system? A. homeostasis B. insomnia C. melatonin D. rhythm

A. homeostasis

Why can amphetamines be used to treat ADHD in children? A. They decrease neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with hyperactivity. B. They decrease neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control. C. They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with emotions. D. They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control

D. They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control