Psychology 1010 - Sensation and Perception Questions

________-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while ________-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.

high; low

What is described by the concept of perception?

how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

________ is an example of a monocular cue.

Interposition

How does a cochlear implant enable the deaf to hear?

It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain.

Which theory holds that the pitch we hear is determined by the particular location on the cochlea where the hair cells vibrate the most?

Place theory

Read the following two sentences. (1) Gre eng rass gr ow son themoun tain. (2) Green grass grows on the mountain. How does the principle of proximity explain why the second sentence makes sense immediately, but the first sentence does not?

We group letters of a given word together because there are no spaces between the letters, and we perceive words because there are spaces between each word.

The opponent-process theory is supported by ________.

afterimages

Auditory receptor cells are embedded within the ________, which is found in the ________.

basilar membrane; cochlea

The organ of Corti on the ________ within the ________ changes vibrations into impulses that travel to the auditory nerve.

basilar membrane; cochlea

Because taste and smell have sensory receptors that respond to molecules, they are considered ________.

chemical senses

Light energy with very low amplitude would be perceived as ________. Responses

dim

Illusions are valuable to psychologists because they are used to ________.

explore what people experience and what parts of the brain are involved in perception

Loudness is to amplitude as pitch is to ________.

frequency

Pitch is determined by the ________ of sound waves.

frequency

Which of the following describes the change in stimulus strength required to detect a difference between the stimuli?

just noticeable

Martha is working on her swing at softball practice and is focusing on keeping her elbow out high and her arm turned with her shoulders back. This awareness of her own movement through space is called ________.

kinesthesia

If you walk through a busy crowd and feel a few different people bump and push past you as they walk by, which skin receptors would be activated?

mechanoreceptors

Merkel's disks and Ruffini corpuscles are examples of ________.

mechanoreceptors

_______ cues require only one eye.

monoculiar

Mariah is nervous about giving birth to her first baby, but takes a hypnobirthing class and becomes excited about the possibility of having a pain-free birth. The idea that Mariah can control her pain experience in consistent with the ________.

motivation-decision model

Pain that results from damage to neurons of the peripheral or central nervous system is called ________.

neuropathic pain

Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer while building a doghouse. The sense of ________ provides her brain with information about the pain she feels.

nociception

Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain?

optic

The ________ carries visual information from the retina to the brain.

optic nerve

What allows Nancy to run without watching her feet and jump out of her truck without thinking about it?

proprioception

According to the trichromatic theory of color vision, cones in the retina are responsive to ________.

red, green, and blue

________ is what happens when information is detected by a sensory receptor, like when Maggie's optic nerves pick up a light flashing in the distance.

sensation

The day Kim is in Nairobi she notices the honking, engine sounds, yelling, and other street noises. By the second day, however, she no longer notices these. Which of the following is the best explanation?

sensory adaptation

When Martha first visits her Aunt and Uncle's house, the smell of fish is overwhelming, but after an hour, she doesn't even notice it's there. What explains this?

sensory adaptation

When surrounded by larger circles, a center circle will appear ________ than if surrounded by smaller circles.

smaller

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

smelling cookies in the oven

Congenital deafness is ________.

something someone is born with

A stimulus presented below the absolute threshold is called

subliminal

Which of the following senses is best described as a chemical sense?

taste

The ________ best explains how we hear at low frequencies.

temporal theory

Which of the following theories is currently thought to provide the best explanation for how we perceive low frequencies (below 150 hz)?

temporal theory

If your eyes see someone saying "ball" but the word you hear is "doll", the struggle to make sense of that information in your brain is consistent with ________.

the McGurk effect

Which was the dependent variable in Jessica Witt's study?

the size of the circle drawn by the participant and the number of successful putts

Which was the independent variable in Jessica Witt's study?

the size of the holes projected around the golf hole

Fantasia experiences vertigo and balance issues due to some damage to her inner ear. This is an issue with ________.

the vestibular sense

According to Gestalt psychology, ________.

the whole is different from the sum of its parts.

Multi-modal perception is the idea that ________.

various sensory modalities are integrated

The McGurk effect occurs when ________.

we combine information from speech and from the way the speaker's lips are moving to hear something different from either

At a football game, your friend from ten rows down yells at you to bring them some of your popcorn. At first you couldn't understand what they were asking, but once you saw their mouth, you could make out the request. This is consistent with the ________.

with the results of the Sumby and Pollack study on the audiovisual advantage

If you are in a crowded room at a noisy party having a conversation with an interesting new acquaintance, studies show that if you are looking at him while talking, ________.

you are more likely to hear what he is saying