Psychology 121 quiz 2
What are the two processes of the Dual Process Theory?
1. Automatic (implicit) unconscious process 2. Controlled (explicit) conscious process
What is the reality (and concern) about truth, system one, and cognitive ease?
1. System 1 guides most of our impressions (you feel the way you feel) 2. We are rarely aware of the source of these impressions 3. How do we evaluate truth of a statement? If it is logically linked to existing beliefs, associations, etc., or comes from a reliable source, then it generates cognitive ease (and we like that!), but... 4. There are many causes of cognitive ease—font, rhyming, etc. —and it is difficult to trace our ease to these sources which are bias.
Why is system 2 a lazy bastard?
A problem is presented, system 1 suggest a solution and system 2 just checks it really fast and is like okay cool! Its a lazy controller since we are overconfident beings and place a lot offish on system 1 being "right" people hate cognitive effort since it can be unpleasant and tiring.
What happens when system 2 runs out of resources? *
Ego depletion: The more you engage in self control and cognitive efforts, the less likely you are able to do it another time (very tiring)
What is the Dual Process Theory?
How a psychological phenomenon can occur in two different ways (that one phenomenon) in general or as a result of two different processes.
What are all the parts the inputs that go into cognitive east and what are the outputs?
Inputs: Repeated experience, clear display, primed idea, good mood. Ease Outputs:Feels familiar, feels true, feels good, effortless.
What is the ideomotor effect?
It is how motives and behaviors are linked and the associative theory is in this idea only difference is that it involves behavior. For example seen words grey, old (idea), this triggers thoughts (experiences) of old age and this in turn effects our behavior (to walk slower).
What is system 2 biggest downfall?
It is very costly and effortful since it holds information in the mind, manipulates it ACTIVELY to GENERATE useful insights and behaviors.
What is the Associative Theory?
Its how ideas and concepts (nodes) are connected to experiences, think about how one makes it more likely to think of the other (what is that other)? Connections are memories so experiences are memories. Example, House than Fire than Fire engine and Bus engine.
Does Dual process theory relate to two different areas of the brain?
Not always, it depends on context and in our case we are taking about problem solving not social cognition.
Name this system: Mostly control reflexes, instincts, learned (emotional labels, skills, knowledge) things, and we have no conscious access to any of these things.
System 1
What is system 1 and what are four properties of it?
System 1 refers to out automatic unconscious process in the dual process theory. a. Fast b. Little or no effort c. Feels reactive d.System in control MOST (not all) of the time. Gets job done, not always.
What are four words to describe system 1? What about system 2?
System 1: Reactive, intuitive (feeling), unconscious, cursory (not detailed) System 2: Complex, rational, in-control, agent
Describe the situation (the world) in terms of the two systems
System one is based on (emotions, reflective,instincts,reflec,habits,perceptoins, intuitions and learned knowledge) and system 2 (not interacting with each other) holds and manipulate information to generate Understandings and behavior. And these automatic and controlled processes both affect behavior with sometimes system 1 being directly related to behavior like removing our hand when something is hot.
What is system 2 and what are four properties of it?
System to is the controlled process in the dual process theory. a. Allocates attention b. Slower and more effortful c. Complex computations d. Associated with the subjective experience of volition (intent/will)
What is the analogy used for system 1 and 2 differences?
The camera. Think of system 1 as the already made camera settings and think of system 2 as making your own camera settings to fine tune it which might include trial and error.
Define Cognitive ease
The ease which we perform a task.
How is system 1 an associative machine?
Think of the experience of when people were showed the words Banana and Vomit than did a word completion test and they were more likely to pick stuff related to these words!
When is there a systems conflict?
Think of the word game where Blue word in the color orange, you have to shit down or inhibit the preloaded memory in order to say the word.
What is reciprocal ideomotor?
This phenomenon can go both ways. Our behavior (walking slow) can triggers thoughts (old people) which can trigger words (grey, old). Making them walk slow than complete test.
What is the illusion of truth and how does it relate to cognitive ease.
We basically find things that are cognitively easier, more true. Familiarity fuels credibility. Either by bolding sentence, seeing the sentence before, or just because you like it.
What is the Florida effect?
When people were shown words about old people and then made to walk halfway people shown old people words walked like old people.
How can we overcome part four of the reality and concern slide?
With effort (difficult but not impossible) and effort with system 2 BUT system to isa lazy bastard.
What are 8 things system 2 is in control of?
a. Brace for the starter gun in a race b. Focus on the voice of a particular person in a crowded and noisy room c. Search memory to identify a surprising sound d. Monitor the appropriateness of your behavior in a social situation e. Tell someone your phone number f. Park in a narrow space g. Maintain a faster walking speed than is natural for you h.Check the validity of a complex logical argument
Name 9 things system 1 is in "control" of.
a. Perception (distance of objects) b. Reflex (orient to a sound you hear) c. Social ( detect hostility) d. Emotion (make disgusting face when shown bad picture) e. easy math and simple sentences (cognition) f. Driving on empty road (skill/ habit)