Psychology 201 Exam 1 Practice (LEARNING CURVE 2a and 2b)

The _____ is an important part of the endocrine system but is NOT itself an endocrine gland.

Hypothalamus

Milton has been having considerable trouble with his short-term memory. His family has noticed a number of mistakes Milton has been making, such as leaving doors unlocked, getting lost in the neighborhood, and forgetting family members' names. It appears that his _____-producing neurons are deteriorating.

ACh (Involved in memory)

The endocrine glands that play an important role in helping us respond to stress are the _____ glands.

Adrenal Glands

A person who has difficulty recognizing emotional responses in others following a head injury most likely suffered damage to the _____ in the limbic system.

Amygdala

John was always a mild-mannered man. Suddenly his behavior changed radically. He instigated fights and was verbally abusive to the people around him. It is likely that John's problem began in his:

Amygdala

Alison has developed an interest in how the brain controls the body's voluntary action. You suggest that she become a(n) _____ psychologist

Biological

After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth, coordinated manner. It is likely that she has suffered damage to her:

Cerebellum

Joan is concerned because she often feels like she is going to fall over when she is walking. When she visits the doctor she is diagnosed with a tumor in the:

Cerebellum

The _____ cells in the nervous system support, nourish, and protect neurons.

Glial

LEARNING CURVE 2B STARTS HERE

LEARNING CURVE 2B STARTS HERE

John was injured in a car accident and lost consciousness for 10 minutes. He sustained numerous lacerations, a right femoral contusion, and most importantly had a large open wound on his head. When he arrived at the emergency room, the attending physician immediately ordered a(n) _____ to rule out any soft tissue damage to the brain.

MRI

Emily has epilepsy. Based on the textbook's discussion of neurotransmitters, Emily should avoid foods made with:

Monosodium Glutamate.

Bundles of axons, which connect the peripheral nervous system to the brain and spinal cord, are called _____.

Nerves

Jillian is a new mother. The first time she nursed her baby she instantly bonded. This is MOST likely caused by the release of:

Oxytocin

Pablo visits a vending machine when he craves a sweet treat. In the endocrine system, the body's blood sugar is regulated by the:

Pancreas

Ron is drinking water and soda in large quantities, urinating frequently, is always hungry, and is complaining of feeling sick at times. He is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. There is MOST likely an abnormality with his _____.

Pancreas

Janae is digesting her dinner. Her muscles are relaxed and her heart is beating rather slowly. Janae's _____ nervous system is active.

Parasympathetic

Mohammed is a taxi driver in London. As he navigates the city's thousands of streets and intersections, the part of his brain devoted to spatial memory increases in size. This BEST illustrates:

Plasticity

Petra is watching her favorite television program and sees a commercial for a new medication. It states that the medication can alleviate depression. "Since depression is a chemical imbalance, new Venlafaxine extended release can help with mood, sleep, arousal, and alertness by working on the two key neurotransmitters involved in depression." These two neurotransmitters are _____ and _____.

Serotonin and Norepinephrine

Whenever one turns the pages of a book, uses a pen to take notes, or raises one's hand, one's actions are made possible by the _____ nervous system.

Somatic Nervous System

Which part of the cerebral cortex deals with abstract thinking, planning, executive control, and judgment—the qualities that make us most human?

The Frontal Lobe

Hailey is babysitting her 2-year-old nephew for the first time. While her back is turned, he touches his index finger to the pan she just took out of the oven. He pulls his finger away quickly, and a few seconds later begins to scream. Why does it take longer for him to scream than to pull away his finger?

The hand-withdrawal reflex involves only the spinal cord, so it takes time before the information about pain reaches the brain.

What would one expect to happen in the brain when young children take ballet lessons several times a week?

The neurons involved in complex ballet moves will connect with each other to form networks.

VIDEO ASSIGNMENT FOR 2B STARTS HERE

VIDEO ASSIGNMENT FOR 2B STARTS HERE

Brent is taking part in an experiment in a cognitive neuroscience lab. Silently, he reads rapid sequences of words flashed on a computer screen. The electrical activity of his brain is simultaneously recorded through skull electrodes. The technique used in this study is:

an electroencephalogram (EEG).

The central nervous system contains:

brain and spinal cord

A researcher is conducting a series of brain scans by using radio waves to briefly disrupt the activity in participants' brains as they complete decision-making tasks. The researcher is using _____ to examine the brain's activity.

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Dr. Snell studies the part of the brain that is active when people are lying. She asks half of her participants to tell the truth about an event from their childhoods and half to tell a lie about an event from their childhoods. Which brain imaging technique should she use to detect brain areas that are active when the participants are lying?

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

If a researcher is interested in measuring both the structure and function of the brain, which technique might one recommend?

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

John was injured in a car accident after which he lost consciousness for 10 minutes. He sustained numerous injuries and, most importantly, had a large, open wound on his head. When he arrived at the emergency room, the attending physician immediately ordered which neuroimaging technique to rule out any soft-tissue damage to the brain?

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

If a researcher electrically stimulates the _____ in an animal, the animal will immediately wake up and be alert.

reticular formation

Our reflexes such as pulling your hand away from a flame, are governed by the ____, while basic functions of motor skills and respiration are governed by the _____.

spinal cord; hindbrain

This brain structure helps coordinate movement and enables one type of nonverbal learning.

the cerebellum

Which structure is the conductor, or "master gland," of the hormone-producing system?

the pituitary gland

Positron emission tomography (PET):

uses radioactive tracers in the blood to reveal brain activity.