Psychology 2301 Chapter 14

_____ is an eating disorder in which the individual refuses to maintain a minimally normal body weight, is extremely afraid of gaining weight or becoming fat, and has a distorted perception about the size of his or her body.

Anorexia nervosa

_____ is an eating disorder in which a normal weight person engages in binge eating and then purges the excessive food consumption by self-induced vomiting or, less often, by taking laxatives or enemas.

Bulimia nervosa

In obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessions and compulsions frequently:

are linked in some way.

Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

delusions

DSM-IV-TR:

describes the symptoms and diagnostic guidelines for more than 200 different specific psychological disorders.

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by:

erratic, unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image, and desperate efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment.

One explanation for dissociative identity disorder is that it results from:

extreme trauma in childhood; the alters are created to embody the dissociated memories and emotions that are too painful for the primary personality to acknowledge.

False or distorted perceptions that seem vividly real are called:

hallucinations.

Use of cocaine or amphetamines causes:

increased dopamine activity in the brain, which can produce schizophrenia-like symptoms.

In contrast to normal anxiety, pathological anxiety:

is unreasonably intense, irrational, uncontrollable, and disruptive.

Uncontrollable thoughts and worries are to _____ as uncontrollable behaviors are to _____.

obsessions; compulsions

People with personality disorders:

often display the characteristics of their personality disorder by the adolescent or early adult years.

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by:

ongoing, global, and persistent anxiety.

The most common type of schizophrenia is the _____ type.

paranoid

Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by:

pervasive but unwarranted distrust and suspiciousness, and assumptions that other people intend to deceive, exploit, or harm them.

The three core symptoms of _____ are (1) frequent, intrusive recollections of a traumatic event; (2) emotional numbing and avoidance of particular situations; and (3) increased physical arousal.

posttraumatic stress disorder

The term _____ refers to the scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.

psychopathology

Which of the following is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

reduced emotional expressiveness and speech

Personality traits are:

relatively stable predispositions to behave or react in certain ways.

In most cases, the disorder called dissociative amnesia occurs as a response to:

stress, trauma, or an extremely distressing situation.