Psychology

Researchers looking to create a drug to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease would most likely focus their efforts on which of the following neurotransmitters?

Acetylcholine

Electrically stimulating a rat's amygdala would most likely produce which of the following?

Aggression

Which of the following is classified as an antagonist?

An antidepressant, because they block serotonin and norepinephrine receptors.

Dr. Lee is interested in the effect of lighting on people's ability to concentrate. Dr. Lee studies this by manipulating the amount of lighting while participants read and then measuring their scores on a reading comprehension test. Group 1 receives dim light, and group 2 receives bright light. Which of the following research methods is Dr. Lee using?

An experiment

A team of investigators discovered that taxi drivers who has memorized all the streets in their city had a larger hippocampus than bus drivers who did not have the streets memorized

Brain Plasticity

Sam has shown some marked changes in the way he is able to communicate after having a stroke. He knows what he wants to say, but his speech is slow and labored. Sam's grammar is also quite poor. The part of Sam's brain that most likely sustained damage is

Broca's area

Clinical researchers are interested in gaining insight into the causes of abnormal behavior. What method does this strategy represent?

Case Study

Synesthesia is a phenomenon that has been estimated to occur in only a few people in a million. Because of its rarity, researchers are likely to choose which research method to study it?

Case Study

Bob is concerned because his children have been eating too much of an expensive breakfast cereal, so he brings home a less expensive version that looks and tastes exactly the same to him. His children immediately notice that the new cereal is less sweet. Which of the following concepts best explains the conflicting perceptions of Bob and his children?

Difference Threshold

Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow. He immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following?

Gate-Control theory

The ability to see a cube in the diagram above is best explained by which of the following?

Gestalt principles of closure

Elena wanted to see if taller students were more likely to do better on achievement tests.

If the tallest person were taller.

Observers watch a group of people passing a basketball back and forth. Which of the following is the most likely reason many of the observers do not notice the person in the gorilla costume

Inattentional Blindness

Which monocular depth cue is illustrated in the figure above?

Linear perspective

Special Headsets can make pbjects on the left appear to be on the right and vice versa.

Perceptual Adaptation

Breonna and Peyton have been dating

Perceptual Set

As a child, Annie experienced a serious fall that damaged her cerebellum. Which of the following memory systems would be most affected by this?

Procedural

Laura arrives at a park that is located very close to a factory that produces cookies. She immediately notices the strong odor of chocolate chip cookies, but after a while she no longer detects the smell of the cookies. This can best be explained by which of the following?

Sensory Adaptation

Darby had damage to his brain that resulted in impairment of multiple senses. He most likely experienced damage to which brain structure?

Thalmus

The change in the curvature of the lens that enables the eye to focus on objects at various distances is called

accomodation

An individual who drinks alcohol daily

alcohol tolerance

A psychologist designed a study to test the effects of cell phone use on driving safety.

an independent variable

An individual with damage to Wernickes area is most likely to have difficulty

comprehending a spoken request for information

Kaori is traveling on an airplane for the first time. As the plane takes off, she watches the automobiles driving on the freeway below. Even though the automobiles seem to get smaller as the airplane gains altitude, Kaori does not perceive the cars as shrinking but still perceives them to be their normal size. Which perceptual principle best describes this phenomenon?

constancy

Researchers examined injury reports for 480 professional football games and determined there was an association between outdoor temperatures and number of concussions reported.

correlational

Ernie comes in from outdoors on a bright, sunny day and finds it to be very dark inside. Over the next few minutes, however, it becomes easier for Ernie to see inside. The perceptual process this scenario is describing is

dark adaptation

researchers investigated the extent to which 20 pairs of identical and fraternal female twins shared with their twin

heredity appears to be correlated with the development of anorexia nervosa.

People who live in environments with buildings with square corners and right angles

people develop perceptual hypotheses based on experience in their lives

In visual perception, size constancy occurs as an object comes closer to the viewer because the

perceived distance of the object becomes smaller

In psychology, Gestalt principles are used to explain

perceptual organization

Of the following, an evolutionary psychologist will most likely investigate the

reason why many people have an innate fear of the dark

In vision, transduction occurs within the

retina

Ana is instructed by her doctor to wear a patch over one eye while an infection heals. While wearing the patch, Ana will lose her ability to use which of the following depth perception cues?

retinnal disparity

An individuals ability to focus on a particular conversation

selective attention

Carlos sees the figure above as six unified columns, not four unified rows. Which of the following Gestalt principles is operating most strongly?

similarity

The sequence of shifts in the electrical charge of a neuron is called

the action potential

A list of the presidents of the United States

the grade level of the students

Researchers are investigating the effects of a 20 minute antibullying video

the number of helping behaviors

Luiz, a math major, sees the drawing above as a venn diagram

top down processing

People listening to rock music played backwards often perceive an evil message

top down processing

The process of converting incoming physical energy into a neural code that can be processed is called

transduction

A large group takes a standardized test and the scores produce a normal distribution. The mean score is 50 with a standard deviation of 8. Mary's score is 59. Approximately what percentage of students achieved a lower score than Mary?

84

One theory of hearing suggests that a neuron may fire and then stop firing when a second neuron fires.

Volley Theory

Which of the following is depicted by the graph

Webers Law

Jackson paints an american flag using the colors green, yellow, and black instead of red, white, and blue.

The opponent process theory

Neema is training to be a research assistant at a nature preserve. Which of the following would predict that she will likely struggle with the training.

Trichromatic Theory

Hailey is fishing on a small boat.

Vestibular

A person is asked to listen to a series of tones presented in pairs, and asked to say whether the tones in each pair are the same or different in pitch. In this situation the experimenter is most likely measuring the individual's

just noticeable difference

For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the

left central hemisphere