Psychology ch1 and ch2

Which of the following statements related to the scientific method is FALSE?

A theory can generate only one hypothesis.

Confidentiality

APA ethical guidline issue

Informed consent

APA ethical guidline issue

According to Buss, _____ is a necessity to avoid extinction.

Adaptation

The ____ has developed ethics guidelines for its member , and the _____ evaluates the ethical nature of research conducted at their colleges and universities

American psychological association APA Institutional Review board IRB

What can you do to become a better consumer of psychology in everyday life?

Avoid overgeneralizing based on little information.

an approach that emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants

Behavioral approach

Suppose some female rats are given caffeine and others are not. The researchers then count how many times the rats given caffeine couple with males and how many times the rats no given caffeine couple. In this example the independent variable is

Caffeine

The two main divisions of the nervous system are

Central and peripheral

An approach that emphasizes mental processes involved in knowing

Cognitive approach

professor Sunderton is famous for her ressearch on the connection between depression and the number of close friendships peolple have. Although her research was done thirty years ago. it is still cited as a classic in the field. Professor bartlesby wants to replicate this study but he wonders if technolong has impacted friendship too much to follow the original research procedures to the letter

Conceptual replication

According to the principle of ________ researchers are responsible for keeping all the data they gather on individuals completely confidential and when possible completely annonymous

Confidentiality

Type of research that looks for relationships between variable

Correlational research 1

Type of research that studies whether where a first-year student lives predicts how much they will study each week

Correlational research 2

Type of research that gathers information on the basic dimensions of a variable

Descriptive research

type of research that studies how long the average first-year student studies each week

Descriptive research

David Buss is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

Evoluntionary

An approach that focuses on ideas such as adaptation reproduction and natural selection as explanations for specific human behaviors

Evolutionary approach

Type of research that looks for casual relationship between variables

Experimental research 1

Type of research that studies whether a first year student will study 10 hours or more each week if they have a roomate who strudies 10 or more hours each week

Experimental research 2

Mirror neurons give us information about others. When we are watching someone else, mirror neurons

Fire in the same place that they normally fire when we are doing what the person we are watching is doing

Personality, intelligence, and control of voluntary muscles are all directed by the

Frontal lobe

An approach that emphasizes a persons positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth and the freedom to choose any destiny

Humanistic approach

A researcher found that self esteem in school children is positively correlated with grades. In other words, the higher the childs self esteem the higher the childs grades tend to be. Further research indicated that a third variable may cause this correlation.Which of the following is more likely to be the third variable in this example

IQ score

This summer, Dean took diving lessons. While learning to dive, Dean's brain sent a number of complex signals. Which of the following types of information was his brain sending when it told his body that it was the right time to breathe?

Involuntary movements

An independent variable is

Manipulated by the experimenter

Professor Mellon is making an exam for his psychology class. The first question on his exam is "What are the three major regions in the brain?" but he can't remember which structures to include as answers. Which of the following should he include?

Midbrain, hindbrain, forebrain

Marta was recently in an automobile accident and she suffered a traumatic brain injury. Since she is having a lot of trouble seeing, the neurologist suspects that she has damage in the _______________ and/or the _____________.

Midbrain, occipital lobe

Suppose a neuropsychologist developed a theory about mirror neurons. Which of the following theories makes the most sense, given what we know about how mirror neurons work?

Mirror neurons probably evolved to help us function as social beings

Dr. Campos is researching how the cerebellum functions. She has a group of test monkeys. She damages the cerebellum in half of them and compares their actions with the monkeys whose cerebellums are intact. Which of the following activities would you expect to be impaired in the monkeys with damaged cerebellums?

Motor coordination

_____ is the scientific study of structure function development genetics and biochemistry of the nervous system

Neuroscience

The dependent variable causes a change in the

None these answers are correct

Statistical significance

Not an APA ethical guideline issue

Research methodology

Not an APA ethical guidline issue

Suppose we have noticed that some rats seem to couple more often than others. This would correspond to which step in the scientific method

Observe

Sleep-Ez is a new medication on the market. Its marketing label states that it targets the area of the brain that "helps regulate sleep and arousal." Which of the following areas of the brain does Sleep-Ez most likely affect?

Pons

An approach that emphasizes unconscious thought the conflict between biological drives and society's demands and early childhood family experiences

Psychodynamic approach

Several years ago Dr.Cornell read a study indicating that ignoring your spouse or withdrawing during arguments may be beneficial with lower income couples as opposed to negatively impacting higher income couples satisfaction rates.Dr cornell is interested in trying to run the study again to see if he can obtain similar results Dr Cornell's study would be an example of a

Replication study

There is a strong negative correlation between smoking while pregnant and the birth weight of the baby this means that

Smoking while pregnant is associated with reduced birth weight

An approach the focuses on the impact of social and cultural environments on behavior

Sociocultural approach

Researchers have determined that damage to the parietal lobe can cause deficits in a variety of areas related to

Spatial relations

Randy wants to become a professional musician. He is already very proficient on the guitar and violin. Which brain structure allowed him to hear music?

Temporal lobe

A researcher is conducting an experiment in which a new drug is tested to see its effects on neurons. When monitoring the brains of the test animals, the researcher notices that their neurons have started to grow extra processes on the end of each axon. These extra cell growths are examples of

Terminal buttons

Which of the following statements about the brain is NOT correct

There are a total of four major regions in the brain, including the hindbrain, the midbrain, the forebrain, and the cerebellum

Which theorist established the first experimental laboratory in 1879?

Wundt

Which of the following best exemplifies a random sample?

a sample that consists of all girls who have been selected arbitrarily

An approach that focuses on the body especially the brain and nervous system

biological approach

Jake has found a correlation between the amount of time he spends exercising every day and the number of hours he sleeps at night. The more he exercises, the longer he sleeps. However, his psychology instructor explained to him that correlation does not mean causation. This means that

by itself, the correlation doesnt say if more exercises causes longer sleep

How do neurons communicate information from involuntary movement

by way of cranial and peripheral nerves

Andrea, a psychologist, conducts a study to determine the effect of students' ages on their college grades. She divides a class into two groups: Below Age and Above Age. Members of the Below Age group are less than 18 years of age, whereas members of the Above Age group are 18 years of age or above. In this scenario, which of the following illustrates the dependent variable?

college grades

Which of the following is Not a division of the nervous system

external

William James, a prominent American psychologist and philosopher, focused on human interactions with the outside world to understand the purpose of thoughts. His view is known as

functionalism.

The cell body

helps with cell maintenance

Marty says to his brother during Thanksgiving: "You know, I think the Seminoles are going to end up in the Gator Bowl this year." His prediction about what he thinks will happen in college football, based upon his observations of his and other teams' playing habits, is an example of a

hypthesis

Tamika hypothesizes that women are more helpful than men, and she decides to conduct an experiment to test her hypothesis. During lunchtime, she goes to the crowded food court and deliberately drops her folder containing papers. She then notes whether the person standing closest to her helps her pick up her papers and whether the person is male or female. What is the operational definition of "helpful" in Tamika's study?

making an effort to gather the papers

Cells of the nervous system are called

neurons

Which of the following goals of science does the empirical method best fulfill?

objectivity

Which of the following is not a main part of the forebrain

pons

dr.okoro works in the prison system as a psychologist. she wants to show that her new clinical treatment makes prisoners less likely to commit a crime when they are released back into the community what is her hypothesis

prisoners who participate in dr.okoro's clinical treatments are less likely to reoffend than those who do not participate

Which of the following is a key part of the midbrain

reticular formation

Dr.MacNeil is a researcher who is interested in where fear occurs in the mind. He shows the participants in his study potentially frightening images while the participants are lying in an MRI. What kind of approach would best describe Dr.MacNeils research

structuralism

What is we decide to give only some female rats caffeine and then we watch to see if those rats given caffeine couple more often than those not given caffeine. This would correspond to which step in the scientific method

test

A population is

the entire group about which investigators want to draw conclusions.

Dr. Steinguard wants to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship between stress and memory. Which of the following research methods should he use?

the experimental method

which of the following would best be described as helping to explain facts but isnt a fact itslef

theory