Psychology chap 15

Jonathan Shedler

"We can desire something and also fear it" "We can have loving and grateful feelings towards the same person"

What is the difference between psychodynamic therapy and psychoanalytic therapy?

Psychodynamic therapy involves the client and therapist facing each other as opposed to the patient lying on a couch. Psychodynamic therapy does not emphasize the ID, ego, and superego to the extent that psychoanalysis does. Psychodynamic therapy takes place over several weeks or months as opposed to years.

_______ consists of interactions between a trained therapists and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

Psychotherapy

How do psychotherapy and the biomedical therapies differ?

Psychotherapy is treatment involving psychological techniques; it consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth. The major psychotherapies derive from psychology's psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, and cognitive perspectives. Biomedical therapy treats psychological disorders with medications or procedures that act directly on a patient's physiology. An eclectic approach combines techniques from various forms of therapy.

Patients are said to demonstrate anxiety when they put up mental blocks around sensitive memories, indicating ________?

Resistance

counterconditioning

behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

Cognitive therapists are most likely to?

emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life events.

interpretation

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

Resistance

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

Transferring

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)

The therapist will attempt to provide insight into the underlying anxiety by offering a(n) ___________________ of the mental blocks.

interpretation

biomedical therapy

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

Psychodynamic therapists

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight

behavior therapies

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

Psychotherapy

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

This is a caring, accepting, and nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.

unconditional positive regard

double-blind technique is most likely to be used in what therapy?

Drug therapy

Egas Moniz performed the first lobotomy in the:

1930s

The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the ___________ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.

1950s

Approximately what percent of all clinical psychologists work in a private practice?

50%

This therapy is empirically supported for treating compulsions.

behavior therapy

What might a psychodynamic therapist say about Mowrer's therapy for bed-wetting? How might a behavior therapist reply?

A psychodynamic therapist might be more interested in helping the child develop insight about the underlying problems that have caused the bed-wetting response. A behavior therapist would be more likely to agree with Mowrer that the bed-wetting symptom is the problem, and that counterconditioning the unwanted behavior would indeed bring emotional relief.

eclectic

An approach of psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

_____ these are forms of biomedical therapy.

Antidepressant drugs Deep brain stimulation And electroconvulsive therapy

These are examples of how humanistic therapists differ from psychoanalytic therapists except that humanistic therapists do not:

Attempt to reduce growth-impeding inner conflicts by providing clients with insight

How does the basic assumption of behavior therapy differ from the assumptions of psychodynamic and humanistic therapies? What techniques are used in exposure therapies and aversive conditioning?

Behavior therapies are not insight therapies. Their goal is to apply learning principles to modify problem behaviors. Classical conditioning techniques, including exposure therapies (such as systematic desensitization or virtual reality exposure therapy) and aversive conditioning, attempt to change behaviors through counterconditioning—evoking new responses to old stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors.

The aim of freuds therapy was?

Bring a patients repressed feelings into conscious awareness.

In ______ therapy, the therapists listens without judging or interpreting and seeks to refrain from steering the client towards certain results.

Client-centered

Ashley has a masters degree. Based on this information alone Ashley can be a?

Clinical social worker Psychiatric social worker Counselor

Aaron Beck's _______ therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and out emotion reactions.

Cognitive

Drew's therapist believes in using only imperially supported therapies for treating his insomnia. His therapist will probably use _____ therapy?

Cognitive

Helping people identify and replace irrational or illogical beliefs in the cornerstone of ______ therapy

Cognitive

Aaron Becks therapy teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking. It is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

Cognitive therapy

_____ therapy is a widely practiced integrative therapy which aims not only to alter the way people think but also to alter the way they act.

Cognitive-behavioral

An _____ approach to therapy combines and integrates multiple techniques and perspectives.

Eclectic

This treatment was originally performed without a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment.

Electroconvulsive therapy.

active listening

Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.

What does psychotherapy entail?

Encouraging a client to adopt new ways of thinking Helping a client replace unwanted behaviors with new ones Exploring a clients early relationships

What are the basic themes of humanistic therapy? What are the specific goals and techniques of Rogers' client-centered approach?

Humanistic therapies aim to boost people's self-fulfillment by helping them grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance. Humanistic therapy focuses more and the NOW feelings and actions than uncovering the childhood aspect of those feelings and actions. Rogers techniques were to show acceptance, genuineness, and empathy.

client-centered therapy

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)

Because jake lives in the northern United States, he wants to prepare for the dark and cold winter months before he is affected by seasonal depression. Jakes decides to try ______ therapy.

Light exposure

A large drug company is combining the results of all of its studies on generalized anxiety disorder, as if the results had come from one huge study. This is a _________?

Meta-analysis

Psychodynamic therapies are based on the premise that?

People unconsciously avoid issues that are painful

Which person advocated for the more humane treatment of the mentally ill?

Pinel

Which drug is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor?

Prozac

A ______ is a physician who specializes in the treatment of psychological disorders.

Psychiatrist

The goal of an approach to psychotherapy known as _______ is to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts.

Psychoanalysis

What are the goals and techniques of psychoanalysis and how have they been adapted in psychodynamic therapy?

Through psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud tried to give people self-insight and relief from their disorders by bringing anxiety-laden feelings and thoughts into conscious awareness. Psychoanalytic techniques included using free association and interpretation of instances of resistance and transference. Psychodynamic therapy has been influenced by traditional psychoanalysis but differs from it in many ways, including the lack of belief in id, ego, and superego. This contemporary therapy is briefer, less expensive, and more focused on helping the client find relief from current symptoms. Psychodynamic therapists help clients understand how past relationships create themes that may be acted out in present relationships. Interpersonal therapy is a brief 12- to 16-session form of psychodynamic therapy that has been effective in treating depression.

This is an operant conditioning procedure of selectively reinforcing successively closer approximations of a goal behavior until the goal behavior is displayed.

Token economy

In psychoanalysis when patients experience strong feelings for their therapist, this is called _________?

Transference

Is the public's belief in the effectiveness of psychotherapy justified? Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates?

Treatment is generally beneficial

In this therapy, people experience simulations of progressively more intense experiences of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

Virtual reality exposure therapy

Although no more effective in controlling schizophrenia symptoms, many of the newer generation of antipsychotics, such as Risperadol and ________, have fewer side effects.

Zyprexa

Unconditional Positive Regard (Rogers)

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance