Psychology Chapter 1 part 3

openness

When studying personality traits, someone who is practical, conventional, and prefers routine will score low on the ________ trait.

extroversion

When studying personality traits, someone who is quiet, reserved, and withdrawn will score low on the ________ trait.

1800s

When was psychology accepted as an academic discipline?

hypothesis

Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first? Select one: a. data collection b. hypothesis c. experiment d. observation

developmental psychology

Which kind of psychological area does the work of Jean Piaget exemplify?

forensic

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?

tentative explanation

Which of the following defines hypothesis? Select one: a. idea that proves a theory b. way of looking at the world c. means of explaining social phenomena d. tentative explanation

Gestalt

Which of the following does not influence perception? Select one: a. cultural background b. where we focus our attention c. Gestalt d. previous experiences

Ida is charming.

Which of the following exemplifies a personality trait? Select one: a. Ida is charming. b. Marsha has three children. c. James has blue eyes. d. Greg eats a cupcake.

Dr. Sarkeesian observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates.

Which of the following exemplifies the empirical method? Select one: a. Dr. Sarkeesian observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates. b. Dr. Hysock-Witham decides to start her course later because so many students arrive late. c. A student in a psychology class writes his term paper on whether or not fish feel pain. d. A student writes a letter to his professor requesting a change in course policy.

Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy? Select one: a. Boris tells his therapist that that he needs stronger medication and his therapist prescribes it. b. Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment. c. Natasha is late for her therapy session and her therapist believes she did this because she unconsciously dislikes therapy. d. Xavier receives a hug from the doctor when he arrives on time; he does not get a hug when he arrives late.

It ignores non-genetic factors in determining human behavior.

Which of the following is a criticism of evolutionary psychology? Select one: a. It ignores non-genetic factors in determining human behavior. b. It places too much emphasis on genetic factors in determining human behavior. c. It is easy to disprove theories developed by evolutionary psychologists. d. There are no female evolutionary psychologists.

The process was highly subjective.

Which of the following is a criticism of structuralism? Select one: a. The process was highly subjective. b. Scientific instruments were not sensitive enough to measure precise reaction times. c. Wilhelm Wundt falsified his results. d. Structuralism was parsimonious.

Male bias exists in science

Which of the following is a feminist criticism of the science of psychology? Select one: a. Male bias exists in science. b. Male psychologists emphasize objective data over subjective data. c. Male psychologists do not pay enough attention to relationships. d. Male psychologists assume that their results do not apply to women.

The rise of behaviorism overshadowed Gestalt psychology.

Which of the following is a reason that Gestalt psychology did not become more popular in the United States? Select one: a. The rise of behaviorism overshadowed Gestalt psychology. b. European psychology is not as rigorous as American psychology. c. The proponents were Nazis. d. The theories were not based on measurable data.

examination of anatomy and physiology

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure used by functionalists? Select one: a. extrospection b. exculpation c. interviews d. examination of anatomy and physiology

whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese

Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area of health psychology? Select one: a. how the age of a leader affects the productivity of the group b. whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese c. whether culture influences perception d. what personality traits are present more often in men compared to women

knowing your opinion is correct

Which of the following is not involved in critical thinking? Select one: a. making use of logical thinking b. knowing your opinion is correct c. recognizing internal biases d. maintaining an attitude of skepticism

favoring women over men

Which of the following is not part of feminist psychology? Select one: a. discovering the contributions of women to psychology b. questioning the practice of science itself when it is male biased c. studying psychological gender differences d. favoring women over men

John Watson

Which of the following psychologists was a behaviorist? Select one: a. Wilhelm Wundt b. Sigmund Freud c. William James d. John Watson

scientific theory

Which of the following refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time? Select one: a. hypothesis b. -ology c. pseudoscience d. scientific theory

Carl Rogers

Which theorist had the most influence in shaping how clinicians interact with people seeking psychotherapy?

Sigmund Freud

Which theorist published research related to the psychology of personality?

Naomi Weisstein

Who started the feminist revolution in psychology?

Francis Cecil Sumner

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States?