Psychology chapter 2

On a graph of a correlation coefficient, points falling near to a straight sloped line indicate ________.

strong correlation

________ is a reduction in the number of research participants as some drop out of the study over time.

attrition

The scientific process is ________, involving both inductive and deductive reasoning

circular

A(n) ________ case study is conducted by gathering detailed information about participants who are psychological patients.

clinical

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study was ethically problematic because ________.

participants were not allowed to seek available treatment

Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?

0.5

________ are the most commonly used species for animal research.

rodents

________ (IRB) reviews research that is conducted using human participants.

Institutional Review Board

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

It is complex.

________, an anthropologist, contributed to our understanding of chimpanzee behavior in the wild, using naturalistic observation.

Jane Goodall

Research describing a link between childhood vaccines and autism has been ________.

Retracted due to a financial conflict of interest

________ research uses past records or data sets to investigate research questions or to look for patterns or relationships.

archival

Many studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.

are possible to test with animal studies

________ is the tendency to ignore evidence that disproves ideas or beliefs.

confirmation bias

A(n) ________ is a variable that affects both variables of interest and may falsely give the impression of a cause-and-effect relationship.

confounding variable

The ________ variable measures effects of the independent variable.

dependent

Ethics need to be considered when ________ scientific research.

designing, conducting, and reviewing

Which of the following is a scientific way of determining facts?

empirical studies

Which of the following is not part of obtaining informed consent?

explaining the hypothesis to the participants

Peer reviewers ________.

help ensure quality control in reporting scientific findings

Patwardhan et al. report data from a study where they hired experimental confederates to attend speed dating events, posing as daters, and carefully take notes on the behaviors of the daters. What type of research design did they use?

naturalistic obersvation survey

________ is/are often conducted with large numbers of participants and can even be conducted by phone, email, or mail.

surveys

Which of the following statements is not a hypothesis?

Anxiety disorders are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental influences.

Research on ________ subjects must always involve ________.

human; obtaining informed consent

Spurling et al. investigated the effects of two vocabulary learning strategies on word retention two weeks later. In this example, learning strategy is the ________ variable and word retention is the ________ variable.

independent and dependent