psychology chapter 3
Kevin is preoccupied with gambling, and his persistent urges to gamble are so strong that he continues even after losing large sums of money. Kevin most clearly shows signs of
addiction
compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known adverse consequences is an indication of
addiction
depressants are drugs such as
barbiturates and opiates
antipsychotics
chlorpromazine
in large amounts, alcohol is a_____; in small amounts, it is a
depressant; depressant
stimulants
dextroamphetamine
The reckless aggressive behavior that may follow alcohol consumption best illustrates that alcohol may act as a(n)
disinhibitor
Smokers with ________ levels of nicotine tolerance are likely to suffer the most severe withdrawal symptoms when they discontinue smoking.
high
psychoactive drugs influence neurotransmission by stimulating, mimicking, or_______ the activity of neurotransmitters
inhibiting
mood stabilizers
lamotrigine
anti-anxiety medications
lorazepam
Research on the use of addictive drugs indicates that
many people do voluntarily stop using addictive drugs without any treatment
under the influence of alcohol, angered people are_____ likely to be aggressive than they would otherwise be and restaurant patrons are _____ likely to tip generously than they otherwise would
more; more
the change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called
neuroadaption
Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ________ drugs.
psychoactive
Kara's craving for psychoactive drugs is so strong that she is unable to function at work or maintain important relationships with her family. Kara most clearly shows symptoms of
substance use disorder
Persistent substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and risk of physical harm is most characteristic of
substance use disorder
Recurring symptoms of tolerance and withdrawal are an indication of
substance use disorder
arlette often consumes up to six cocktails in a row before she experiences any noticeable symptoms of intoxication. This suggests that Arlette has developed
tolerance
the need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of
tolerance
When Celeste was unable to obtain her regular supply of heroin, she began to develop pain and an intense craving for the drug. Celeste was experiencing symptoms of
withdrawal
the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior is called
withdrawal
drug use is considered a substance use disorder when a person
experiences all of these conditions
the greatest danger of viewing a behavior addiction as a disease is that this may lead those with addictive behaviors to
feel powerless to overcome the addiction
antidepressants
fluoxetine