Psychology: Thinking and Intelligence

Which of the following statements regarding fluid and crystallized intelligence is accurate?

Crystallized intelligence is the knowledge and skills gained through experience and education.

________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics that are always exhibited, such as what defines different basic shapes.

artifical

Cedric tells a new acquaintance that he is "from Chicago" even though he is really from a suburb close to the city. After his vague introduction, Cedric learns that his new acquaintance is also from the Chicago area, so Cedric corrects himself by saying the precise town and neighborhood in which he lives. This is called

audience design

Gossip, making up 60-70% of conversations, is argued to be an important part of defining ________ and in regulating the social world.

in groups and out groups

The average score on an IQ test is 100. In modern IQ testing, one standard deviation is 15 points. Someone with an IQ of 115 would be described as________.

one standard deviation above the mean

What are the rules by which we construct sentences?

syntax

Parents of African American students filed a case against the state of California in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________.

was culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using white children.

Looking for evidence to back up the way you already feel about something is an example of

confirmation bias

What is the best description of originality?

having a low probability, unique

Jaimie doesn't have much time before her class, and she still needs to find a ride to the airport, print off her assignment, and text her manager about changing her shift. Her best strategy for solving these problems will be to use

heurstics

Anywhere between 30-70% of individuals with diagnosed cases of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) also have some sort of ________.

learning disability

What is the Flynn effect?

observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation

A(an) ________ is the best example, or representation, of a concept.

prototype

Which linguist(s) proposed that the thoughts that an individual has are determined by the language that they use?

sapir and wholf

Mikel can look at an engineering plan and quickly build a scale model. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.

spatial