Public Health 10

Dr. Hans Seyle's research on stress in the 1940s was the starting point for many additional studies on stress that we currently use today to understand information about blood pressure, immunity, and inflammation. What was the focus of Dr. Hans Selye work?

Physiological changes in rats exposed short and long-term stressful circumstances.

The main reason people procrastinate is because they are lazy.

False

When making a behavior change, it's best to start with a plan and then determine the reason for making a change.

False

Which of the following is the best example of eustress?

Feeling nervous but excited about a new job

Depression is different from sadness because it typically involves:

Feelings of hopelessness and/or worthlessness

Which type of conflict would the following scenario fall under?Rudy's sister says she doesn't need his help babysitting, but gets frustrated when he doesn't offer, making expectations unclear.

Role-ambiguity

Which of the following is notmentioned as a time-management strategy in the Time and Money-Related Stress module?

Try to multi-task when possible.

Spirituality can be defined by any of the following EXCEPT:

attending religious services.

Forgiveness means:

forgiving one's self. forgiving weakness in another person. reconciling a relationship. releasing one's self from an event or transgressor. any of these; forgiveness means whatever a person needs or wants it tomean.

A student decides not to apply for an on-campus position because she just knows she won't get it. This is an example of:

fortune telling.

Forgiveness means:

freedom from resentment or blame of others.

According to the course lessons, all of the following are examples of academic pressures EXCEPT:

how your friends view your intellectual abilities

Exercise and the stress response share the common factor of:

increased heart rate. increased breathing rate. headaches. all of the above. Correct! A & B

Asking a seemingly low-stress friend about her stress-management strategies would be considered a/an ______ coping strategy.

information seeking

The three phases of Pranayama are:

inhalation, holding, exhalation

Believing the statement, "One person can have an impact on government policy and decisions" more closely aligns with a/an _____ locus of control.

internal

If you are on your parent's health insurance, your records will be sent to your parents.

it depends; checking with your insurance company to see how they handle confidentiality issue is a good idea

Which of the following is NOT associated with greater resilience,according to research?

living in a household with two biological parents

Spirituality has been linked to:

lower blood pressure. increased longevity. decreased anxiety or depression. improved immune function. Correct! all of the above.

Asking for help is a sign of

resilience and strength.

Research has shown that spirituality in adolescence is inversely correlated to all of the following EXCEPT:

risk of drug use. Correct! GPA. lower suicide risk. sexual activity.

Which of the following best defines academic stress?

school-related demands that strain, exhaust, or exceed a student's available resources or skills as perceived by the student.

Which of the following is the best example of a whole food?

scrambled eggs

An instructor reads over course evaluations at the end of the semester. She focuses on the negative feedback while ignoring the positive feedback. This is an example of:

selective abstraction.

College students perceive and experience less stress and anxiety if they practice:

self-compassion. effective time management. successful conflict management. realistic goal-setting. Correct! all of the above.

If Sunny is in the preparation stage of change,

she has brainstormed different ways to change up her sleep habits.

According to research described in the module, difficulty in identifyingemotions is correlated with:

slower recovery after a stressful event.

When comparing nutrition labels, it's suggested you choose items with less:

sodium and added sugars

One main reason stress is linked to coronary heart disease, insulin-resistance, and diabetes is because...

stress can increase visceral fat accumulation.

Which of the following depicts the correct order of the stress process?

stressor, perception, strain, long-term outcomes

Research shows that positive relationships and social support areassociated with all of the following EXCEPT:

subjective wellbeingimmune response life satisfaction pet ownership

Talking to a friend about your stressors would be considered a/an ______ coping strategy.

support-seeking

Which of the following is best describes equanimity?

the ability to experience a thought without worrying, blaming, or labelingit as good or bad

Melatonin is:

the hormone that controls the sleep and wake cycles.

Sleep efficiency is determined by comparing ______ to _______.

the time spent sleeping; the time spent in bed

You and your partner get in a fight and they give you the silent treatment for several days. This is an example of a/an:

unhealthy relationship.

An example of a nutrient-dense food is:

vegetable juice.

Delegating is typically appropriate if:

your time is better spent on higher priorities and someone else can do it better.

Pranayama is the practice of:

controlling the breath

Under the Big-Five factor structure, the researchers found that people high on the personality category of openness tend to be...

creative and flexible in their thinking.

We suggest using "I" statements to discuss differences with another person to avoid placing blame. Which of the following is the BEST example of an "I" statement?

"I feel anxious when the electricity bill is accidentally left unpaid."

Which of the following is an example of an avoidance goal?

"I want to stop feeling tired during the day."

You need to mail a package today and have class in a half hour. When you get to the post office, a long line of people is waiting and you think "This is going to take forever! I'll never make it to class on time." Which of the following is the best example of cognitive restructuring to cope with this daily hassle?

"It's important this package gets mailed today, and I can ask a classmate for notes if I miss anything."

An individual should avoid and eliminate all empty calories foods from his or her diet.

False

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends at least _____ minutes of physical activity each week.

150

Good friends usually make the best roommates.

False

If you separate ways with high school friends during college, it's unlikely you'll have a strong relationship in the future.

False

If you are experiencing an intense wave of fear resulting in shortness of breath, racing heart, trembling, and/or sweating, you might be experiencing ____.

A panic attack

In general, physical exercise exacerbates stress.

False

The main difference between Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR)and Autogenic Relaxation (AGR) is:

AGR involves relaxing the body by relaxing the mind, while PMRinvolves relaxing the mind by relaxing the body

Poor sleep is a predictor of which of the following?

Absence due to illness

In which phase of General Adaptation Syndrome does our heart rate increase, blood pressure rise, and pupils dilate?

Alarm

Which of the following best defines the term cognitive distortion?

An exaggerated or inaccurate automatic thought.

Asking a mentor for feedback on a grad school application is anexample of ______ social support.

Appraisal

Which relaxation technique is based on one's ability to respond to themind's suggestions?

Autogenic Relaxation

It's best to find a romantic partner while in college; otherwise, you'll never find one.

False

Most four-year college students declare a major within the first year of school.

False

Which type of conflict would the following scenario fall under?Rudy's friends ask him to join a Thursday night kickball league, but he visits his grandmother every Thursday.

Between-role conflict

Which relaxation technique is MOST likely to require the use ofequipment?

Biofeedback

Which of the following is an example of chronic stress?

Facing ongoing discrimination Serving as a caregiver for a sick or aging loved one Financial strain or poverty Persistent health issues Correct! All of the above

Not having health insurance is a good way to save money in college.

False

Which of the following is NOT an example of a measure of resilience?

Cortisol levels in the bloodstream

Which of the following would NOT be an adaptive approach to coping with academic stress?

Completing easier homework and putting off difficult homework

Stress can lead to chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation has been linked to which of the following health issues?

Correct! All of these Depression Obesity Stroke

Which of the following is an example of a coping resource?

Correct! all of these knowledge individual strengths Access to health care services

Skipping meals is one of the best ways to eat healthy amounts of food.

False

Some people thrive on excessive stress.

False

According to the course modules, the first step in creating and following a budget is to...@The first step in budgeting is to determine income. Keep in mind that, for some students, this might be a lump sum at the beginning of each term and, for others, it's a biweekly paycheck. A lump sum would need to be divided by the number of weeks or months it needs to last to determine your weekly or monthly allowance. Module: Time and Money-Related Stress

Determine one's income and the sources of income.

Which of the following can be effectively treated with therapy and/or medication?

Depression PTSD Anxiety Addiction Correct! Any of these

The DESC model can be used when your needs aren't being met or you want to provide feedback to another person. DESC stands for:

Describe Express, Specify, Consequences

Lee had a part-time job on campus, but ended up quitting the position due to his 21-credit academic load and feeling the need to focus on school. The lack of income means Lee cut fresh fruits and vegetables and many protein sources out of his diet, and as a result he is feeling more fatigued and lethargic. Due to his low energy, along with the extra coursework, Lee lacks the interest and time to devote time to working out, so he has stopped running and finds that his sleep quality has declined. This scenario best describes the interconnectedness of components from which of the following models?

Dimensions of Wellness

Which of the following is a way to combat worrying?

Disengage through mindfulness Revisit a past stressor using objective recall Postpone worrying to a dedicated time Be aware of negative self-talk and be kind Correct! All of these

Going for a walk with a friend to vent about a frustrating day is anexample of ______ social support

Emotional

Which of the following strategies can help contribute to better sleep?

Engage in sufficient physical activity

Which of the following is NOT a way to appraise the quality of a source of health information?

Ensure the recommendations are offered both online and in print form.

In which phase of General Adaptation Syndrome do our resources drop below normal?

Exhaustion

Which of the following factors can hinder getting sufficient sleep?

Exposure to light or light-emitting devices Caffeine consumption or nicotine intake Alcohol consumption A noisy or otherwise disruptive sleep environment Correct! All of these

_______ is an example of a life event, while _____ would be considered a daily hassle.

Getting a new job; forgetting your cellphone at home

Which of the following would be an adaptive approach to coping with worries about the future?

Have a backup plan in case plan A doesn't work out. Practice relaxation strategies to redirect focus. Combat negative thoughts through cognitive restructuring. Set aside a specific amount time to worry. Correct! All of these.

Which of the following would be a good resource to utilize when seeking safe-sex information or services?

Health Department Student Health Clinic Local Non-Profit Correct! All of the above

When conducting an ABC analysis, the items listed in the A column should be _______.

Important and urgent

Through your campus Student Parent Help Center, you apply for andsecure a grant to help pay for childcare. This is an example of ______social support.

Instrumental

Which of the following is NOT a way to combat perfectionism?

Intentionally make errors on high-stakes tasks

Which of the following is FALSE regarding optimism?

It allows people to avoid stressors or experience stress.

Which of the following is the BEST definition of food insecurity?

Lack of access to sufficient, safe, and nutrition foods.

Less than half of the people in the U.S. who live with a mental health diagnosis or concern receive treatment. Which of the following is a common reason for lack of treatment?

Lack of access to treatment facilities and services, particularly for minorities.

Which of the following is a clear characteristic of an abusive relationship?

Limiting access to others

Ongoing and excess stress can impact sexual and reproductive health in which of the following ways:

Male fertility Arousal problems Female fertility Birth weight Correct! Any of these

Which of the following statements about stress is TRUE?

Meditation can help reduce perceptions of stress.

Sumaya keeps thinking about something she said in class this week over and over and can't seem to focus on anything else. Sumaya's tendencies demonstrate her _______________.

Perseverative thoughts

Which of the following best describes the organization and focus strategy of the four categories of time management strategies?

On Sunday nights Sarah cleans and organizes her desk and cleans her room; she finds that this helps make her environment conducive to clearer thinking.

Which of the following best defines emotional intelligence?

One's ability to recognize and understand emotions and managerelationships with others

A student forgets to turn in his homework and, when the instructor willnot accept it late, believes the instructor is responsible for his loweredoverall grade. This is an example of which category of emotionregulation?

Other-blame

A student feels nervous about an upcoming semester abroad, but triesto remember how much she'll learn about herself as a result ofexperiencing this unpredictable time. This is an example of whichcategory of emotion regulation?

Positive reappraisal

Is a type of anxiety that develops in response to emotionally distressing events like combat, an accident or disaster, or an assault.

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Abusive relationship are centered around ____________ and ____________ .

Power, control

The first step in making any behavior change plan work is to....

Recognize that a problem exists

Which of the following is the best example of a mnemonic?

Remembering "Never Eat Soggy Waffles" for the four cardinal directions north, east, south, and west.

_______ would be an example of a fixed expense, while ______ would be considered a variable expense.

Rent; entertainment

According to course modules, which of the following would not help you reduce your expenses?

Replace homemade meals with restaurant food throughout the week.

In which phase of General Adaptation Syndrome is our ability to respond at its peak?

Resistance

Which type of conflict would the following scenario fall under?Rudy is working as an attendant at an unpopular parking lot. Not feeling challenged has left him feeling unmotivated and dissatisfied with this job.

Role underload

Which of the following best describes the evaluation strategy of the four categories of time management strategies?

Sarah has discovered that the best time for her to work on big-picture tasks that take a lot of cognitive energy is during the early morning time.

Which of the following is the best example of the concept of "paradox of choice"?

Spending 15 minutes picking out a type of jam, and then second-guessing your decision

According to course modules, which of the following is NOT a strategy for effective group work?

Take the lead and assign support roles to the others.

If you know that your weekly lab reports take approximately 8 hours each per week, you could allocate this time by marking chunks of time in your planner throughout the term. This strategy is known as:

Time blocking

Keeping a gratitude journal is a great way to increase Subjective Well-being.

True

Perceived stress predicts disturbed sleep more reliably than drug or alcohol use, exercise frequency, sleep schedule, or electronics use.

True

To help prevent relapse, it is recommended that a person try out new coping strategies in various contexts and in response to various sources of stress.

True

Waking up and going to bed at the same time each day can lead to better quality sleep.

True

You will get the maximum benefit by varying your workouts to prevent your body from adjusting to a particular routine.

True

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of wellbeing?

Wealth

Which type of conflict would the following scenario fall under?Rudy's direct supervisor asks him to work on a big project this week, while his indirect supervisor asks that he spend time on a different project.

Within-role conflict

An approach goal is preferable to an avoidance goal because with an avoidance goal, a person is ______.

Working away from an undesired end state.

Which was NOT advice from Johnson's book The Present?

ask for help

A bedtime routine should NOT include the following:

a computer.

The term "whole grain" is defined as:

a grain containing 100% of its original kernel—the bran, germ, and endosperm.

Going out drinking with friends instead of studying to relieve academic stress related to an upcoming test could be considered ________

a maladaptive strategy.

Practicing self-forgiveness or positive self-talk during stressful situations is an example of using the _______________ category of the four As of coping.

accept

Adjusting to and accepting life's changes and ups and downs would be considered a/an ______ coping strategy.

accommodation

What characterizes the contemplation stage of the Transtheoretical Model?

admitting that a problem exists and a change may be necessary

Subjective Wellbeing (SWB) is based on two states; they are __________ and ___________.

affective and cognitive

The best place to practice mindfulness is:

anywhere, depending on the exercise.

A stronger internal locus of control is associated with:

better mental health.

I statements are intended to be free of ___________ , ___________ and _______________.

blaming, judging, and criticizing.

Yoga is particularly beneficial for stress management because it incorporates many effective techniques. These would include all of the following EXCEPT:

breathing. stretching. Correct Answer aerobic exercise. You Answered reflection. meditation.

A student spends the day thinking about the scores he earned at a gymnastics tournament and the mistakes he shouldn't have made. This thinking best describes:

brooding.

Logan has pessimistic tendencies and tends to expect the worst. However, Logan's friends noticed that Logan actually seemed more satisfied with their basketball game than everyone else, despite Logan's pessimistic views on the game. This scenario demonstrates which of the following concepts?

defensive pessimism

Locking one's self in the bathroom to avoid interacting with a confrontational roommate would be considered a/an ______ coping strategy.

escape

Helicopter parents are those who:

establish healthy boundaries between themselves and their child try to make decisions for their child remove challenges or barriers from their child's life hold their child accountable for their own decisions and actions in college Correct! b and c

Trust in ourselves, trust in a higher power or trusting that things workout all fall under the tenet of spirituality or mindfulness called:

faith.

A ______ goal is focused on skill development or personal growth, while a ______ goal is focused on a measurable outcome or comparison to others.

mastery goal; performance goal

Establishing agreed-upon chores with a roommate to keep the apartment tidy would be considered a ______ coping strategy.

negotiation

Which of the following can affect an individual's sleep?

nicotine caffeine alcohol sedentary lifestyle Correct! all of the above

Mindful meditation involves:

noticing senses or emotions in the moment.

Research has shown meditation can improve all of the followingEXCEPT:

physical fitness.

You can infer from the course lessons that a few great ways to reduce stress are to:

plan extra time for commuting communicate your living environment and communication style preferences with your roommate utilize campus resources, such as health and counseling services, recreation centers, and student clubs and organizations plan your life based on your priorities first Correct! all of the above

Someone who is researching different types of smoking cessation strategies and tools (such as coaching, nicotine gum, and nicotine patches) is in which stage of the Transtheoretical Model?

preparation

Planning and writing out a study schedule would be considered a/an ______ coping strategy.

problem-solving