Public Health Nursing: Ch. 15

Based on the trends of new HIV- and AIDS-related infections in the adult and adolescent populations, for which population will the public health nurse plan prevention programs? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

African American males Hispanic males White population African American population

The nurse helps a patient with gonorrhea come up with trace contacts to notify partners of the disease. Which level of prevention is the nurse using?

Secondary

Which mode of transmission is associated with HIV? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Semen Breast milk Blood exposure

The nurse is caring for a patient who has tuberculosis (TB). Which nursing consideration does the nurse implement?

Setting up routine times to check in with the patient to ensure adherence to medication

The nurse provides counseling and education to a family taking care of a relative with AIDS. What does the nurse ask the family to consider when caring for the patient?

Soiled linens should be cleaned in a washing machine with bleach.

Which statement describes AIDS? Select all that apply. One, some, or all be correct. responses may

Occurs as a result of damage caused by HIV A disabling, life-threatening illness caused by HIV

Which infection control measure would be taken when hands become contaminated with fluids from a client who has tested positive for HIV?

Wash hands with soap and water.

Which statement made by a client correlates with a suspected diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease?

"I have had a fever of 100.1°F over the past few days."

A male client is seen in the clinic after being exposed to chlamydia. Which question will the public health nurse plan to ask the client?

"Have you experienced any pain when urinating?"

Which statement made by a client exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) indicates an understanding of the treatment?

"I will receive a hepatitis B immune globulin injection."

After the public health nurse has provided education to a client diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV), which statement made by the client indicates further teaching is required?

"Surgical removal of warts will prevent them from returning."

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the prevalence and epidemiology of HIV and AIDS. Which statement made by the students indicates learning has been effective? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

"There is a direct correlation between HIV/AIDS and poverty." "The perinatal transmission of HIV has declined in recent years." "There is increased life expectancy from the use of antiretroviral therapy."

Which question reflects the Five Ps approach recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for the public health nurse to use when obtaining a client's sexual history?

"What are you doing to prevent pregnancy?"

Which response will the public health nurse provide to the employee who refuses a vaccination for hepatitis B virus (HBV)?

"You have the right to refuse the vaccination."

A client who has tested positive for HIV tells the nurse, "I do not want any of my sexual partners to know that I have HIV." Which response will the nurse give to the client?

"You partner must be notified, but your identity will remain confidential."

Following tuberculin skin testing, which client would the nurse document as having a positive reaction if the skin induration is measured at 5 to 10 mm? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

A 3-year-old healthy child A patient with a HIV infection A male patient who is alcohol dependent A corrections officer working in the county jail A female patient who has just finished chemotherapy A 32-year-old patient with a history of kidney transplant

Which client would the public health nurse consider a priority when providing community screening for tuberculosis (TB)?

A 69-year-old Asian client living in Florida

Which client will the nurse refer for HIV testing and counseling?

A pregnant client as part of prenatal screening

In which part of the world is HIV most prevalent?

Africa

Which intervention will the nurse provide for a client who presents with painful, pruritic, and crusty lesions on the upper thigh? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Assess for dysuria or rectal pain. Obtain a history of sexual activity. Inquire as to when the lesions were first noticed. Assess for paresthesia or tingling in any other location. Assess for other areas around the genitals that may also have lesions.

Which activity is representative of primary prevention?

Assessment of risk factors for contracting hepatitis C virus (HCV)

Which factor has contributed to the decline in perinatal HIV transmission? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Cesarean delivery Prenatal HIV testing Maternal antiretroviral treatment

For which complication will the public health nurse monitor the neonate who was born to a client with untreated chlamydia?

Conjunctivitis

Which assessment finding will the public health nurse anticipate for a client newly diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Cough Fatigue Hemoptysis Weight Loss

Which nursing action reflects primary prevention?

Creating a needle exchange program in the community

Which condition places a client with latent tuberculosis (TB) at risk of reactivation of TB infection?

Diabetes

The Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Extension Act of 2009 provides funds to patients with HIV or AIDS for what service? Select all that apply. One, some, or all may be correct.

Emergency services Drug reimbursement programs Early intervention and care

Which describes the period that is most critical for the clinical development of tuberculosis (TB)?

First six to twelve months after infection

Which pharmacological preparation works to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV)?

Gardasil

Which factor contributes to the increased infectivity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) over that of HIV?

HBV lives outside the body a longer time.

Which initial testing will be done for a 16-month-old infant who was exposed to HIV during the perinatal period?

HIV DNA, RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay

Which result can be determined by the HIV antibody test enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (EIA)?

Identification of the presence of an antibody

Which statement is true about the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB)?

Most cases of TB are found in India and China.

For which client is the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination recommended?

Infant

Which information will the public health nurse include in education about hepatitis C infection? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Infected mothers can transmit to infants. A history of obesity can increase the risk. Patients may or may not have symptoms. Patients born between 1945 and 1965 should be tested. Incubation period can last up to six months, but the virus can be contagious indefinitely.

Which action demonstrates the nurse's understanding of the administration and evaluation of the Mantoux tuberculin skin test?

Inject 0.1 mL containing five tuberculin units of purified protein derivative (PPD).

Which population is at risk of acquiring hepatitis A virus? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Injection drug user Homosexual males Persons with clotting disorders Persons with chronic liver disease

For which condition will the public health nurse monitor in a client who is hepatitis A virus (HAV) positive and experiencing fever, nausea, and abdominal discomfort?

Jaundice

Which sign would the public health nurse assess for in a client with congenital syphilis?

Jaundice

Which information will the public health nurse include when providing client education for the secondary prevention level of HIV infection?

Managing symptoms

Which information will the public health nurse include when teaching about sexually transmitted infections (STIS)?

Many STIS are asymptomatic.

Which testing will the public health nurse recommend to women to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) infection?

Pap smear

For which situation is the administration of the hepatitis A vaccine (HAV) after exposure recommended? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Patrons in unhygienic situations where food is not heated Persons who have shared illicit drugs with someone with HAV All household or sexual contacts of persons infected with HAV Household members whose children attend daycare with a reported HAV

Which factor contributes to the resistance of tuberculosis (TB) to pharmacological treatment? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Poor quality drugs Unavailability of TB drugs Provider prescription error Non-adherence to treatment

Which strategy would the nurse use to obtain a client's sexual history?

Prepare to use multiple terms.

Which assessment finding is associated with the secondary stage of syphilis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Rash Mucosal ulceration Lymphadenopathy

For which laboratory test would the public health nurse prepare the client to obtain a definitive diagnosis for tuberculosis (TB)?

Sputum culture

A sexually active female client presents with low-grade fever, lower abdominal pain with cramping, and abnormal menses. Which step would the nurse take to further assess this client? Select all that be correct. apply. One, some, or all responses may

Test for chlamydia Test for gonorrhea Assess for signs of salpingitis Obtain a full menstrual history Assess for signs of ectopic pregnancy Obtain a complete history of sexual activity

Which nursing action reflects a secondary level of prevention?

Testing a health care worker who is has had a needlestick incident for hepatitis B virus (HBV)

Which rationale explains the lack of response to antibiotic therapy in a client diagnosed with gonorrhea?

The client has previously taken antibiotics as prophylaxis.

Which statement is accurate regarding a client diagnosed with chlamydia? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

The client should be instructed to use condoms. Partners over the past 60 days should be referred. The client should avoid sex for seven days after the start of therapy.

Which statement is true regarding the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIS)?

The incidence of new cases continues to increase.

Which statement describes the current epidemiological state of gonorrhea in the United States?

The rates are rising in the male population.

Which statement describes the worldwide epidemiology and treatment of HIV? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Women are at the highest risk of infection. The HIV epidemic is growing in Eastern Europe. The majority of the persons with HIV are in sub-Saharan Africa. Worldwide, the treatment of HIV infection is given a higher priority.

Which risk factor would the public health nurse recognize as associated with an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIS)?

Younger than 25 years of age

Which information regarding the perinatal transmission of syphilis will the public health nurse provide to a client?

Transmission occurs transplacentally.

For which opportunistic infection would the nurse monitor in a patient diagnosed with HIV who has a CD4+ T-cell count of 178/µL? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Tuberculosis Oral candidiasis Invasive cervical cancer Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Which information will the public health nurse include in education about the prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV) through vaccination?

Two doses of vaccine are recommended before the age of 15 years.

The nurse is developing primary prevention activities in a community in which several communicable diseases are prevalent. Which activity will the nurse implement? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Vaccinating community members against hepatitis B virus (HBV) Teaching people in the community about ways to avoid infectious agents

Which vaccination will be included in the plan of care for an HIV- infected child who is not severely immunocompromised? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Varicella Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Meningococcal