Public Speaking Final

When concluding a speech, you should seldom refer back to ideas mentioned in the introduction.

false

Language has a rhythm created by the speaker's choice of supporting materials.

false

The best setting for an online speech is usually with a window behind the speaker because it will provide plenty of light.

false

When a speaker uses Monroe's motivated sequence, the need step is usually presented in the introduction.

false

In a preparation outline, the specific purpose is usually stated before the introduction.

true

It is important to keep your audience in mind as you formulate the specific purpose for your speech.

true

It is necessary for a public speaker to identify his or her source whether the speaker is paraphrasing or quoting verbatim.

true

It is usually a good idea to restate your topic at some point in the introduction, even if the listeners already know it. Group starts

true

Taking someone's entire speech and passing it off as your own is a form of unethical behavior called global plagiarism

true

The burden of proof rests with the persuasive speaker who advocates change.

true

The connotative meaning of a word is more variable, figurative, and subjective than its denotative meaning

true

The target audience is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

true

When speaking to persuade, you need to think of your speech as a kind of mental dialogue with your audience.

true

When you give a persuasive speech on a question of policy, you can seek either passive agreement or immediate action from your audience.

true

Your textbook advises that you work out your introduction in detail and practice it until you can deliver it smoothly and with strong eye contact.

true

Good speech delivery conveys a speaker's ideas without calling attention to itself.

true

Which of the following statements about speaker credibility is true?

A speaker's credibility is affected above all by how the audience perceives the speaker's competence and character.

All of the following are recommended by your textbook to help you deal with nervousness except:

Focus on achieving perfection.

How do the following main points for a speech about how to determine the value of a baseball card violate the guidelines presented in your textbook for organizing main points? The first factor determining the value of a baseball card is the fame of the player. The second factor determining the value of a baseball card is the age of the card. The third factor determining the value of a baseball card is the rarity of the card and the physical condition of the card.

The main points don't each deal with a separate aspect of the topic.

As your textbook explains, ethnocentrism means

believing one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Which of the following is appropriate when using humor in a public speech?

gently making fun of common human quirks

According to your textbook, the first thing a speaker needs to do in the introduction of a speech is to

get the interest and attention of the audience.

As explained in your textbook, the credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called ____________Blank credibility.

initial

Camille prepared excellent PowerPoint slides for her speech about education reform, but the speech didn't go as well as she had hoped. She had trouble finding the Enter key on her computer to advance her slides, and sometimes she skipped a slide because she held the key down too long. According to your textbook, Camille could have presented her slides more effectively if she had

practiced using the keyboard until she could advance the slides easily.

The burden of __________Blank always rests with the persuasive speaker who advocates change.

proof

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement?In recent months, newspapers have published reports of vicious dogs attacking people in Los Angeles, St. Louis, Boston, and Orlando. These reports show that dog attacks are an increasingly serious problem nationwide.

reasoning from specific instances

The two major kinds of online speeches discussed in your textbook are

recorded speeches and real-time speeches.

According to your textbook, "So, how can we protect our Internet data from potential hackers?" is an example of a(n)

signpost

Asad was giving an interesting speech about the earliest astronomical observatories—a subject he was very excited about—when he misidentified the founder of the Istanbul observatory. When he realized his mistake, he corrected it, but then he felt flustered and wasn't as confident for the rest of his speech. What advice from your textbook should Asad keep in mind?

Audiences focus more on a speaker's ideas than on details of his or her delivery. Most of a speaker's nervousness isn't visible to the audience. There is no such thing as a perfect speech.

According to your textbook, all of the following are tips for using evidence in a persuasive speech except

Balance the amount of evidence used to support each main point.

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking?

Be fully prepared for each speech.

As your textbook explains, signposts are especially useful for

Both focusing attention on key ideas and indicating exactly where you are in a speech.

If your topic is clear in the body of the speech, there is no need to state it in the introduction. Group starts

False

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Visualize yourself giving a successful speech.

What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement?Requiring students to sign an honor code has reduced the amount of cheating at dozens of schools. If we adopt such a code at our school, it will help us reduce the amount of cheating, too.

analogical

According to your textbook, what kind of reasoning is used in the following passage?Trying to prevent the use of drugs by criminalizing them is like trying to prevent the use of alcohol through Prohibition in the 1920s—doomed to failure from the beginning. History should have taught us by now that when people want something badly enough, they will find a way to get it, whether it is legal or not.

analogical reasoning

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?The university has been using the same admissions standards for the past 120 years. If they were good enough 120 years ago, they are good enough today.

appeal to tradition

According to your textbook, when is it especially important for a persuasive speaker to establish common ground with the audience?

at the beginning of the speech

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?Everyone runs red lights when they're in a hurry, so there's no reason I shouldn't do it, too.

bandwagon

If you wanted to demonstrate the comparative spending of the United States and Canada on four different kinds of social services, which type of visual aid would be most effective?

bar graph

When you use slides created with PowerPoint or another presentation program in a speech, you should

both allow extra time to prepare the slides and bring a backup of your slides to the speech.

Rashid will be using PowerPoint in a speech he is giving to the local Rotary Club. According to your textbook, Rashid should

both check the equipment and setup of the room in which he will be speaking and bring a flash drive with a backup of his slides.

If you wanted to summarize the steps of a process in a speech, the best kind of visual aid to use would probably be a

chart

Here are the main points for a speech about the history of golf. The game we know as golf originated in Scotland during the 15th century. Most of golf's rules and traditions developed during the 19th century. Professional golf tours for men and women emerged during the 20th century. Today golf continues to evolve in response to changes in equipment. According to your textbook, these main points are arranged in __________Blank order.

chronological

According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are character and

competence

As your textbook explains, ____________Blank are usually the most effective supporting materials if you want to increase the emotional appeal of a persuasive speech.

examples

A real-time online speech is most often delivered with the speaker standing behind a lectern.

false

As your textbook explains, persuasion takes place only if the audience is strongly in favor of the speaker's position by the end of the speech.

false

According to your textbook, if the following statement occurred in the body of a speech, it would be an example of which kind of connective?Let's take a moment to go over what we have found so far. First, we have seen that firearm sales at gun shows too often put weapons in the hands of criminals. Second, we have seen that there is almost no accountability for gun-show dealers who sell to criminals.

internal summary

According to the advice given in your textbook, if you make a mistake when you are giving a speech, the best thing to do is

keep going because your audience doesn't know what you had planned to say.

A __________Blank graph is best suited for showing changes in statistics over time or space.

line

If you wanted to show the increase in the cost of commercials during the Super Bowl over the past 40 years, the best kind of visual aid would probably be a

line graph

If the object you want to use as a visual aid is not available, the next best option ideally is a

model

As your textbook explains, visual aids are most effective when they are displayed

only while the speaker is discussing them.

Using evidence is especially critical in a persuasive speech when your target audience

opposes your point of view.

The fallacy of hasty generalization occurs when a speaker

Both jumps to a conclusion on the basis of too few instances and generalizes on the basis of atypical cases.

According to your textbook, which of the following is an advantage of using visual aids in a speech?

Using visual aids can increase the clarity of a speaker's message. Using visual aids can increase the audience's retention of a speaker's message. Using visual aids can increase the persuasiveness of a speaker's message.

To say that public speaking is a way to make a difference about something we care about is to recognize that public speaking is

a form of empowerment

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against

a set of ethical guidelines or standards.

Which of the following is an instance of informative speaking?

a social worker explaining adoption laws to potential parents

Which of the following are you least likely to find in a speech conclusion?

a statement to arouse curiosity

According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are

competence and character.

As your textbook explains, each main point of your first speech should

cover a single aspect of the topic.

During a question-and-answer session, you should direct your answer solely to the person who asked you the question.

false

It is seldom necessary to include a formal bibliography in the preparation outline for a classroom speech.

false

Opening your speech with a lengthy quotation is an excellent way to gain the attention of your audience. Group starts

false

Persuasive speeches on questions of value usually argue directly for or against particular courses of action.

false

Questions of fact are easy subjects for persuasive speeches because they almost always have clear-cut answers

false

julio's persuasive speech contained the following statement:Although shortages of prescription drugs have declined between 2011 and 2018, these shortages are still harming patients, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In a 2018 survey of emergency physicians, the American College of Emergency Physicians found that 9 out of 10 of these physicians face shortages of drugs in their emergency departments. Emergency physicians explain that when these drugs are not available, they must use second-best options, which are often less effective.Which of the three basic issues of persuasive speeches on questions of policy did Julio address in this excerpt?

need

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy?If we allow the government to require healthy meals in school cafeterias, then it's only a matter of time before the government tells us everything we can and cannot eat.

slippery slope

According to your textbook, what organizational method is used in a speech with the following main points? The outermost section of the Egyptian burial tomb was the entrance passage. The next section of the Egyptian burial tomb was the antechamber. The third section of the Egyptian burial tomb was the treasury. The innermost section of the Egyptian burial tomb was the burial chamber.

spatial

According to your textbook, research has shown that

speakers can enhance their credibility by delivering their speeches fluently and expressively.

Audience members were unsure about the credibility of Jim Gilchrist, founder of the Minuteman Project border patrol group, when he came to speak on campus. As he spoke, he built his credibility by using high-quality evidence and relating to the concerns of his audience. After the speech, students agreed they would like to have him visit campus again for a roundtable discussion. According to your textbook, the credibility that Gilchrist produced by the end of his speech is called ____________Blank credibility.

terminal

According to your textbook, the strongest source of emotional appeal in persuasive speaking is

the speaker's sincerity and conviction.

After discussing the first main point in his speech on sustainable agriculture, Rasheed said:So far, I have explained the problems associated with our present agricultural system. Next, I will explain what sustainable agriculture is and why it is superior to the current system.According to your textbook, what type of connective did Rasheed use?

transition