pysch

Complete the following statement regarding the achievement gap. Select the best answer.By 3 years old, children of high- and middle-income parents heard [blank] words than children of low-income parents.

30 million more

Which of the following statements are examples of humanistic thought? Select all that apply.

All humans have the potential for good: People are predisposed to good

Consider the following examples: Tara's gymnastics coach told her to kick her legs higher during practice.Dr. Smith showed Jimmy how to format an APA title page in Word.Joey picked up the slang word tea from television. Which example would be considered a symbolic model? Select the best answer.

Joey learning a word from television

Which of the following statements are examples of humanistic thought? Select all that apply.

Not all important factors in human behavior are easily measured: People should take a lead role in their own therapy

Which of the following statements are examples of humanistic thought? Select all that apply.

People will work toward their own attainment of self-actualization once they have met their social needs: All humans have the potential for good

Which of the following typically occurs between 12 and 18 months of age? Select the best answer.

a child speaks his or her first words

Complete the following statement. Select the best answer. When discussing problem solving, working backwards is best defined as [blank].

a heuristic in which you begin to solve a problem by focusing on the end result

Does the following example display a natural concept or an artificial concept? Select the best answer.a goal

a natural concept

Does the following example display a natural concept or an artificial concept? Select the best answer.healthy

a natural concept

Consider the following scenario: Luis got in a car accident and can't remember anything that has happened since. What is the most likely cause of Luis's difficulty? Select the best answer.

anterograde amnesia

Consider the following scenario: Luis recently experienced a major psychological trauma. Since that time he has experienced an inability to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory. What is the most likely cause of Luis's difficulty? Select the best answer.

anterograde amnesia

Read the following statement:Climate change is occurring at an unprecedented rate.Is this statement a claim or a piece of evidence? Select the best answer.

claim

Read the following statement:Spending too much time on Facebook with lower your self-esteem.Is this statement a claim or a piece of evidence? Select the best answer.

claim

Identify the term that matches the following description. Select the best answer.The domain of lifespan development that examines learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity

cognitive development

phlegmatic

controlled

Is the following scenario an example of inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning? Select the best answer.Children sleep more than adults, and Simon sleeps more than the average adult. Simon must be a child.

deductive reasoning

Is the following scenario an example of inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning? Select the best answer.Ella is allergic to all nuts. Pecans are nuts; therefore, Ella must be allergic to pecans.

deductive reasoning

Which of the following is an accurate statement about drive theory? Select the best answer.

drive theory states that deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs

sanguine

easy going

Fill in the blank to correctly complete the following sentence(s). Select the best answer.The group of neurons that are the physical representation of memory is called [blank].

engram

Read the following statement:Surveys conducted over the last 20 years indicate that less than 40% of college students binge-drink.Is this statement a claim or a piece of evidence? Select the best answer.

evidence

Read the following description:When the man hit her car, Emma felt an intense rush of fear and anxiety. Her heart was racing, and her breath was ragged. She realized that the accident could have been much worse, so she calmed down quickly.Which component would be considered physiological arousal? Select the best answer.

feeling heart racing

Read the following description: Jamal was used to being in trouble; it seems like he was always being yelled at. When he got the email from his boss that read, "Please come to my office," Jamal panicked. What had he done? His heart was in his chest as he walked to his boss's office. Which component would be considered psychological appraisal? Select the best answer.

feeling panicked

Read the following description: Sam was in the lab late last night, and he heard a strange noise. He was startled, and he jumped slightly. He had been recently binge watching horror movies, so he thought of a million possibilities of what the noise might be. Which component would be considered psychological appraisal? Select the best answer.

feeling startled

Consider the following scenario:When learning how to conduct a statistical test on a computer program, Alisha made sure she focused on the instructions that her professor was providing. The terminology was a bit foreign to her, so she made several notes to help her remember the steps. When it came time for the portion where she had to perform the task alone, she knew she wanted to do well. Not only was it important to learn this information for the class, but she realized it would be useful in future classes as well. She followed the steps and was able to successfully run the statistical analysis.Which element in the scenario would be considered the attention step in the modeling process? Select the best answer.

focusing on the professor's instructions

An example of a primary reinforcer would be [blank], and secondary reinforcer would be [blank]. Select the best answer.

food: high five

Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer. Melanie forgets her homework folder at school at least four times a week.

forgetting

Consider the following scenario: Ben is studying for an upcoming anatomy and physiology exam. Even though he has a busy college class schedule, he makes time to get at least 7-8 hours of sleep each night after he finishes studying. Identify the study strategy used by Ben. Select the best answer.

getting enough sleep

Which of the following is an example of trial and error? Select the best answer.

grabbing 5 screwdrivers to see which one fits

Choleric

impulsive

Is the following scenario an example of inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning? Select the best answer.Robins, blue jays, and crows all fly; therefore, all birds must fly.

inductive reasoning

Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer.Marissa grew up in an abusive home and was exposed to traumatic events.

intrusion

Which term is being described in the following example? Select the best answer.Sara was living in New Orleans during hurricane Katrina.

intrusion

Which of the following statements is true of operant conditioning? Select all the apply.

it was famously studied by B.F. Skinner: It was based on the law of effect

Consider the following behavior:Isaac watches his father in the kitchen and tries to replicate his onion-dicing prowess.Is this behavior an example of a reflex, an instinct, or learning? Select the best answer.

learning

Consider the following behavior:Olivia makes 9 of her 12 attempts from outside the 3-point line.Is this behavior an example of a reflex, an instinct, or learning? Select the best answer.

learning

Read the following dilemma and consider the answer provided.The dilemma: In Europe, a woman was near death from a rare type of cancer. There was one drug that doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to make. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman's husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to borrow the money, but he could only get together about $1,000, which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later. But the druggist said: "No, I discovered the drug, and I'm going to make money from it." So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man's store to steal the drug for his wife. Should the husband have done that? The answer: Heinz should not have stolen the drug because he broke the law. Which level of moral reasoning would the person who gave this answer most likely be in? Select the best answer.

level 2

Read the following dilemma and consider the answer provided.The dilemma: In Europe, a woman was near death from a rare type of cancer. There was one drug that doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to make. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman's husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to borrow the money, but he could only get together about $1,000, which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later. But the druggist said: "No, I discovered the drug, and I'm going to make money from it." So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man's store to steal the drug for his wife. Should the husband have done that? The answer: Heinz should have stolen the drug because a human life is fundamentally worth more than money. Which level of moral reasoning would the person who gave this answer most likely be in? Select the best answer.

level 3

Identify the definition that matches the following component of language. Select the best answer. syntax

manner by which words are organized into sentences

Is the following an example of a phoneme or morpheme in the English language? Select the best answer. dis

morpheme

Consider the following scenario:A child is sent to time out after taking a toy from her friend.Is this an example of positive or negative punishment? Select the best answer.

negative punishment

Time-out is an example of [blank]. Select the best answer.

negative punishment

Is the following a description of sensation or perception? Select the best answer.Activation of neurons in Wernicke's area translates electrical stimuli into language.

perception

Is the following a description of sensation or perception? Select the best answer.Gustatory receptors send a neurochemical signal via the cranial nerve to the parietal lobe and are interpreted as taste.

perception

Consider the following scenario:If she finishes her dinner, 4-year-old Eva gets to have a cookie.Is this an example of positive or negative reinforcement? Select the best answer.

positive reinforcement

Which of the following brain regions is primarily responsible for retrieving semantic information? Select the best answer.

prefrontal cortex

Consider the following scenario:Each time he reads a text from his girlfriend, Hunter feels affirmation and love (and a quick hit of dopamine). After some time, he begins to feel that way when he hears the notification sound.Identify the unconditioned stimulus in this scenario. Select the best answer.

reading texts from his girl friend

Consider the following behavior:An infant turns its head toward something that strokes its cheek or mouth.Is this behavior an example of a reflex, an instinct, or learning? Select the best answer.

reflex

Consider the following scenario: Sally watched her mom apply her eyeshadow and lipstick. She loved how bright and colorful her mom's face looked at the end. Later, she snuck into her mom's cosmetics and took out the lipstick. She turned it as she'd seen her mom do and drew a line across her lips. Which element in the scenario would be considered the retention step in the modeling process? Select the best answer.

remembering how to use the lipstick

Identify the following pitfall to problem solving. Select the best answer. a faulty way of thinking in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something

representative bias

Consider the following: During dinner, Johnathan describes the beauty of the Hawaiian sunset he saw last week to his friends. What basic function of memory is being described? Select the best answer.

retrieval

Which of the following is one of the primary functions of the prefrontal cortex? Select the best answer.

retrieving semantic information

Consider the following scenario:Luis is recovering from a severe illness. His friends notice that he doesn't seem to remember any of them although he knows his nurses and doctors.What is the most likely cause of Luis's difficulty? Select the best answer.

retrograde amnesia

Consider the following scenario: Each time a dog is presented with a juicy steak, a bell is rung. The steak causes the dog to salivate, and eventually, the dog salivates in response to the bell. Identify the unconditioned response in this scenario. Select the best answer.

salivating in response to the steak

Is a new phone an example of a primary or secondary reinforcer? Select the best answer.

secondary

Consider the following scenario:Five friends are all in the same history class preparing for the final exam. Mike studies whenever he has time but makes sure to run everyday at the gym. Brad creates flashcards to remember dates and studies five new flashcards each day. Greg creates phrases to remember the battle locations in the Civil War. Dan makes sure to study before he gets a full eight hours of sleep each night. Steven thinks about his visit to Gettysburg for a field trip to remember the outcome of the battle.Identify the study strategy used by Steven. Select the best answer.

self reference effect

Identify the term that matches the following description. Select the best answer. The encoding of words and word meaning

semantic encoding

Is the following a description of sensation or perception? Select the best answer.Sensory receptors located in the skin send a neurochemical message when activated by heat.

sensation

Identify the memory stage that matches the following description. Select the best answer. Brandy walked through the county fair smelling and tasting all of the delicious foods. She will remember the smell of a few dishes but not all.

sensory memory

Consider the following scenario:Amy is studying for an upcoming exam on state capitals. She reviews 5 new states and capitals each day for 10 days prior to the exam while practicing previously reviewed states and capitals each day.Identify the study strategy used by Amy. Select the best answer.

spaced organized rehearsal

Read the following dilemma and consider the answer provided.The dilemma:In Europe, a woman was near death from a rare type of cancer. There was one drug that doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to make. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman's husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to borrow the money, but he could only get together about $1,000, which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later. But the druggist said: "No, I discovered the drug, and I'm going to make money from it." So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man's store to steal the drug for his wife. Should the husband have done that?The answer:Heinz should have stolen the drug because his wife and loved ones would approve of this attempt to save her life.Which stage of moral reasoning would the person who gave this answer most likely be in? Select the best answer.

stage 3

Consider the following scenario:Sarah got food poisoning from bacterial contamination at her favorite sushi place. Now, even the sight of sushi makes her nauseated.Identify the conditioned stimulus in this scenario. Select the best answer.

sushi

Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about the normative approach to development? Select the best answer.

the normative approach applies only to physical development

Is the following statement true or false? Select the best answer.Every child's first word is a reference to their mother.

this statement is false

Which culture does the following developmental milestone apply to? Select the best answer. Infants usually babble at a certain age.

universal

Which type of reinforcement schedule would involve randomly checking in on your employees and giving them gift cards if they are on task? Select the best answer.

variable interval

Rebecca goes to Las Vegas and tries gambling for the first time. She never knows when she might hit the jackpot, so she keeps putting in quarters, especially after winning a small reward. This is an example of a [blank]. Select the best answer.

variable ratio reinforcement schedule

Consider the following examples: When Patrice was trying to perfect her tennis serve, her coach told her to lift her elbow and hold her racket a certain way. The coach also demonstrated what she meant by those instructions. Patrice also watched a few videos that demonstrated the technique. Which example would be considered a symbolic model? Select the best answer.

videos demonstrating the technique

Consider the following scenario:Sally watched her mom apply her eyeshadow and lipstick. She loved how bright and colorful her mom's face looked at the end. Later, she snuck into her mom's cosmetics and took out the lipstick. She turned it as she'd seen her mom do and drew a line across her lips.Which element in the scenario would be considered the attention step in the modeling process? Select the best answer.

watching her mom put on her cosmetics

Consider the following examples: When his spouse's O2 sensor went out on the car, John couldn't quite remember how to fix it. He knows his dad showed him a few times, but it was so long ago that he no longer remembered. His dad would often let John perform the action too while providing spoken instructions. He couldn't remember those either. So, he watched some videos and figured out how to change it. Which example would be considered a symbolic model? Select the best answer.

watching videos about the task

Which of the following best describes lexicon? Select the best answer.

words of a given language

Is the following scenario an example of overgeneralization in language learning? Select the best answer.Adding -ed to the word go

yes this is an example of overgeneralization