Pysch Notes - incorrection portion- ch1-9

Which of the following is a fine motor skill that a 3-year-old preschooler can perform?

Fitting shaped blocks into matching shaped holes

What is the difference between anoxia and hypoxia?

Hypoxia occurs when the infant is deprived of adequate oxygen and experiences mild brain damage, while anoxia occurs when the infant experiences total lack of oxygen and experiences severe brain damage

Noah is 5 years old, and often comes up with new things to do and try, such as building forts in the living room with couch cushions. His older brother, Jonah, is a teenager who is struggling to develop his own self-identity. Which of the brothers would Erikson classify as being in the initiative vs. guilt stage of development?

Noah

Which of the following is a common critique of Piaget's work?

Piaget overestimated the cognitive abilities of children

What is the main goal of prenatal screening?

To detect problems with the health of the zygote, embryo, or fetus.

According to Erikson, generativity can take the form of

a maintenance of a youthful life

Of the following, the family with the LEAST need for genetic counseling is the one who

already had a child with birth defect

What causes the most common chromosomal abnormality, called Trisomy 21?

an extra chromosome on 21

Proponents of skin-to-skin attachment may advocate for co-sleeping as a way for parents and children to form secure attachments, but co-sleeping can present the risk of SIDS. Which alternative presents an attractive compromise for parents who want to minimize the risk to their child?

bed-sharing

The average 12-month-old can do all the following EXCEPT

climb stairs

Masha's nickname as a child was "Shirley Temple" because of her curly hair. Although her hair is curly, she carries a gene for straight hair. Her phenotype is

curly hair

A person's subjective age can change on a

daily basis

A talk show host likes to interview guests who thought their course in life was set and determined by challenges they experienced as children and teens, but who later encountered situations and opportunities that transformed their lives into something they could not have envisioned earlier in life. This talk show host's approach is aligned with Baltes' key principle of lifespan development that ________

development is multidisciplinary

Ruthie believes her daughter is going through very distinct stages of development and suddenly, upon turning two years old, is able to do far more than she could at age 1. Ruthie's intuitions are consistent with which approach to development?

discontinuous

Tony is listening to some music through headphones so no one else can hear it. When his mother walks into the room, he says, "Mommy, do you like this song?" although she cannot hear the music. Tony's question indicates that he is

egocentric

Emma is a 5-year-old and weighs 90 pounds. Family studies tell us that her obesity is a result of

environment

People who lived in New York City during the 9/11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center experienced shared challenges due to the attack that are called __________ effects.

environmental

Teresa believes her cultural practices are the best and right ones, and it is difficult for her to understand the cultural practices of other societies. Tanya expresses an appreciation for cultural differences and a willingness to consider the perspectives of people in other cultures. Teresa's view demonstrates ________, while Tanya's view demonstrates ________

ethnocentrism & cultural relativity

The University of California in its report on the "sandwich generation" (2014) reckoned that federal and state services, hospitals and social workers, and primary physicians provided less than 20% of total care for the long-term sick and disabled. What makes up the remaining 80%?

female family members

Kayte is 2 years old and his older sister, Aspen, is 5 years old. While they're playing one day, Aspen puts a barrette in Kayte's hair. Kayte gets upset and states that he doesn't want to be a girl, and that he likes being a boy. Aspen laughs because she understands that putting the barrette in Kayte's hair did not make him a girl. What has Aspen achieved that Kayte has not?

gender stereotyping

A factor that increases the probability of having a baby with Down syndrome is

increased maternal age

Four-year-old Maxine tells her mother, "I told the wind to blow, so it made my kite fly." This is an example of

inductive reasoning

Shayla is dependent on adults to meet her basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter, and to provide attachment bonding. She is experiencing the needs of what developmental period?

infant

Brayson's son was diagnosed with having a chromosomal abnormality. If you were Brayson's friend, how would you explain the cause of chromosomal abnormalities?

inheriting too many or few chromosomes

In this type of attachment, a child views the parent as a safe base from which to explore the world around themselves

insecure- anxious

When developmental scientists understand how language develops they can_________ when a child needs speech therapy.

modify

A theorist proposes that children learn language by observing and imitating their parents, who in turn reinforce the sounds and words their children produce. In the nature versus nurture debate, where does this theorist's proposal fit?

nurture

Oscar is 5 years old. He has been taught in school that adding an "ed" to the end of a word means it's past tense, or something that's already happened. After learning this, Oscar begins applying the rule to all words, even those that are supposed to be exceptions. What is this called?

overregulation

Marlin has been asked to go on a blind date with his friend Roger's sister. If Marlin wants to know facts like hair color, body type, etc., Roger will need to describe his sister's

phenotype

Which of the following reflect what Erikson believed to be the main influence on personality development

relationship with others individuals

Omar, a 6-month-old child, shakes his mother's car keys to hear the sound they make. He likes the sound and wants it to happen again, so he shakes the keys again and again. What stage of Piaget's sensorimotor development does this behavior reflect?

secondary circular reactions

Five-year-old Ralph is new to his kindergarten classroom. His teacher uses open, friendly questions to build rapport with him. His teacher asks him what he is good at and what he likes. Wendel responds, "I can run fast" and "I like to eat pizza." Ralph's responses are examples of his __________

self concept

Jana, a 15-month old child, looks at herself in a mirror. Without her knowledge, an adult applies a dot of lipstick to Jana's nose. If Jana tries to rub the lipstick off her own nose in this test, what developmental milestone has Jana reached?

theory of mind

When Josie was completing her medical forms in the doctor's office, she was asked to indicate her race. What may be an appropriate reason for including the question on the forms?

to establish biological factors

The empty nest does not signal the end of parenthood; it is a _______________ to a new stage: the relationship between parents and adult children

transition