Questions for 405 exam 2

for a patient with cirrhosis, which nursing action can the registered nurse (RN) delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? A. assessing the patient for jaundice B. providing oral hygiene after a meal C. palpating the abdomen for distention D. Teaching the patient the prescribed diet

B

the nurse recognizes that teaching a patient following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been effective when the patient makes which statement? A. "I can expect yellow-green drainage from the incision for a few days" B. "I can remove the bandages on my incisions tomorrow and take a shower" C. "I should plan to limit my activities and not return to work for 4-6 wks" D. "I will need to maintain a low-fat diet for life because I no longer have a gallbladder"

B after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the patient will have bandaids in place over the incisions

a patient being admitted with an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis reports crampy abdominal pain and passing 15 or more bloody stools/day. the nurse will plan to A. administer IV metoclopramide (reglan) B. discontinue the patient's oral food intake C. administer cobalamin (vitamin B12) injections D. teach the patient about total colectomy surgery

B an initial therapy for an acute exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease is to rest the bowel by making the patient NPO metoclopramide increases peristalsis and will worsen symptoms cobalamin is absorbed in the ileum, which isn't affected by ulcerative colitis

which information given by a 70-yr-old patient during a health history indicates to the nurse that the patient should be screened for hepatitis C? A. pt had a blood transfusion in 2005 B. pt used IV drugs about 20 yrs ago C. pt frequently eats in fast-food restaurants D. pt traveled to a country with poor sanitation

B any pt with a history of IV drug use should be tested for hepatitis C blood transfusions given after 1992 do not pose a risk for hepatitis C hepatitis C is not spread by the oral-fecal route and therefore is not caused by contaminated food or by traveling in underdeveloped countries

the nurse is caring for a patient who has cirrhosis. which data obtained by the nurse during the assessment will be of MOST concern? A. pt complains of RUQ pain with palpation B. pt's hands flap back and forth when arms are extended C. pt has ascites and a 2kg weight gain from the previous day D. pt's abdominal skin has multiple spider-shaped blood vessels

B asterixis indicates that the patient has hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatic coma may occur its a change in neuro status

which nursing action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a 35-yr-old male patient admitted with an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease? A. restrict oral fluid intake B. monitor stools for blood C. ambulate six time daily D. increase dietary fiber intake

B bc anemia or hemorrhage may occur with IBD, stools should be assessed for the present of blood

a 36-yr-old female patient is receiving treatment for chronic hepatitis C with pegylated interferon (PEG-Intron, Pegasys), ribavirin (Rebetol), and telaprevir (incivek). which finding is IMPORTANT to communicate to the health care provider to suggest a change in therapy? A. weight loss of 2 lb (1kg) B. positive urine pregnancy test C. hemoglobin level of 10.4 D. complaints of nausea nad anorexia

B because ribavirin is teratogenic, the medication will need to be discontinued immediately

after a total proctocolectomy and permanent ileostomy, the patient tells the nurse, "I cannot manage all these changes. I don't want to look at the stoma." what is the BEST action by the nurse? A. reassure the patient that ileostomy care will become easier B. ask the patient about the concerns with stoma management C. postpone any teaching until the patient adjusts to the ileostomy D. develop a detailed written list of ostomy care tasks for the patient

B encouraging the patient to share concerns assists in helping the patient adjust to the body changes

which action should the nurse take to evaluate treatment effectiveness for a patient who has hepatic encephalopathy? A. request that the pt stand on one foot B. ask the pt to extend both arms forward C. request that the patient walk with eyes closed D. ask the patient to perform the valsalva maneuver

B extending the arms allows the nurse to check for asterixis, a classic sign of hepatic encephalopathy the other tests might also be done as part of the neuro assessment but would not be diagnostic for hepatic encephalopathy

a young woman who has crohn's disease develops a fever and symptoms of a UTI with tan, fecal-smelling urine. what information will the nurse add to a general teaching plan about UTIs in order to individualize the teaching for this patient? A. bacteria in the perianal area can enter the urethra B. fistulas can form between the bowel and the bladder C. drink adequate fluids to maintain normal hydration D. empty the bladder before and after sexual intercourse

B fistulas between the bowel and bladder occur in crohn's disease and can lead to UTI

which information will the nurse include in teaching a patient who had a proctocolectomy and ileostomy for ulcerative colitis? A. restrict fluid intake to prevent constant liquid drainage from the stoma B. use care when eating high-fiber foods to avoid obstruction of the ileum C. irrigate the ileostomy daily to avoid having to wear a drainage appliance D. change the pouch every day to prevent leakage of contents onto the skin

B high-fiber foods are introduced gradually and should be well chewed to avoid obstruction of the ileostomy patients with ileostomies lose the absorption of water in the colon and need to take in increased amounts of fluid

which patient statement indicates that the nurse's teaching about sulfasalazine (azulfidine) for ulcerative colitis has been effective? A. th emedication will be tapered if I need surgery B. I will need yo use a sunscreen when I am outdoors C. I will need to avoid contact with people who are sick D. the medication prevents the infections that cause diarrhea

B it can cause photosensitivity in some patients

the nurse will teach a patient with chronic pancreatitis to take the prescribed pancrelipase (viokase) A. at bedtime B. with meals C. in the morning D. for abdominal pain

B pancreatic enzymes are used to help with digestion of nutrients and should be taken with every meal

which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient who has been diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B? A. advise limiting alcohol intake to 1 drink daily B. schedule for liver cancer screening every 6 months C. initiate administration of the hepatitis C vaccine series D. monitor anti=hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) levels

B patients with chronic hepatitis are at a higher risk for development of liver cancer and should be screened for liver cancer every 6-12 months patients with chronic hepatitis are advised to completely avoid alcohol there is no hep C vaccine

which assessment information will be MOST important for the nurse to report to the HCP about a patient with acute cholecystitis? A. the patient's urine is bright yellow B. the patient's stools are tan colored C. the patient has increased pain after eating D. the patient complains of chronic heartburn

B tan or gray stools indicate biliary obstruction, which requires rapid intervention to resolve

which goal has the HIGHEST priority in the plan of care for a 26-yr-old patient who is homeless who was admitted with viral hepatitis who has severe anorexia and fatigue? A. increase activity level B. maintain adequate nutrition C. establish a stable environment D. identify source of hepatitis exposure

B the highest priority outcome is to maintain nutrition because adequate nutrition is needed for hepatocyte regeneration

a patient is being treated for bleeding esophageal varices with balloon tamponade. which nursing action will be included in the plan of care? A. instruct the patient to cough every hour B. monitor the patient for SOB C. verify the position of the balloon every 4 hours D. deflate the gastric balloon if the patient reports nausea

B the most common complication of balloon tamponade is aspiration pneumonia in addition, if the gastric balloon ruptures, the esophageal balloon may slip upward and occlude the airway coughing increases the pressure on the varices and increases risk for bleeding balloon position is verified after insertion and does not require further verification balloons may be deflated briefly every 8-12 hrs to avoid tissue necrosis, but if only the gastric balloon is deflated, the esophageal balloon may occlude the airway balloons are not deflated for nausea

a patient admitted with an abrupt onset of jaundice and nausea has abnormal liver function studies but serologic testing is negative for viral causes of hepatitis. which questions by the nurse is appropriate? A. "Do you have a history of IV drug use?" B. "Do you use any OTC drugs?" C. "have you used corticosteroids for any reason?" D. "have you recently traveled to a foreign country?"

B the patient's symptoms, lack of antibodies for hepatitis, and the abrupt onset of symptoms suggest toxic hepatitis - which can be caused by commonly used OTC drugs such as ACETAMINOPHEN travel to a foreign country and history of IV drug use are risk factors for viral hepatitis corticosteroid use does not cause the symptoms listed

the nurse evaluates that administration of hepatitis B vaccine to a healthy patient has been effective when the patient's blood specimen reveals: A. HBsAG B. anti-HBs C. anti-HBc IgG D. anti-HBc IgM

B the presence of surface antibody to HBV (anti-HBs) is a marker of a positive response to the vaccine the other lab values indicate current infection with HBV

a 22-yr-old female patient with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis is having 15-20 stools daily and has excoriated perianal skin. which patient behavior indicates that teaching regarding maintenance of skin integrity has been effective? A. the patient uses incontinence briefs to contain loose stools B. the patient uses witch hazel compresses to soothe irritation C. the patient asks for antidiarrheal medication after each stool D. the patient cleans the perianal area with soap after each stool

B witch hazel compresses are suggested to reduce anal irritation and discomfort

to detect possible complications in a patient with severe cirrhosis who has bleeding esophageal varices, it is MOST important for the nurse to monitor A. bilirubin levels B. ammonia levels C. potassium levels D. prothrombin time

B. the protein in the blood in the gastrointestinal tract will be absorbed and may result in an increase in the ammonia level because the liver cannot metabolize protein very well. the prothrombin time, bilirubin, and potassium levels should also be monitored - but they will not be affected by the bleeding episode

which laboratory test result will the nurse monitor when evaluating the effects of therapy for a patient who has acute pancreatitis? A. calcium B. bilirubin C. amylase D. potassium

C amylase is elevated in acute pancreatitis

a patient with cirrhosis and esophageal varices has a new prescription for propranolol (inderal). which finding is the BEST indicator to the nurse that the medication has been effective? A. pt reports no chest pain B. blood pressure I 140/90 C. stools test negative for occult blood D. apical pulse rate is 68 bpm

C because the purpose of the beta blocker therapy for patients with esophageal varices is to decrease the risk for bleeding from esophageal varices, the best indicator of the effectiveness for propranolol is the lack of blood in the stools

a patient born in 1955 had hepatitis A infection 1 year ago. according to the CDC guidelines, which action should the nurse include in care when the patient is seen for a routine annual physical examination? A. start the hep B immunization series B. teach pt about hepatitis A immune globulin C. ask whether the patient has been screened for hepatitis C D. test for anti-hepatitis-a virus immune globulin M

C current CDC guideline indicate that all patients who were born between 1945-1965 should be screen for hepatitis C because many individuals who are positive have not been diagnosed

which diet choice by the patient with an acute exacerbation of IBD indicates a need for more teaching? A. scrambled eggs B. white toast and jam C. oatmeal with cream D. pancakes with syrup

C during acute exacerbations of IBD, the patient should avoid high-fiber foods such as whole grains

which response by the nurse BEST explains the purpose of ranitidine (zantac) for a patient admitted with bleeding esophageal varices? A. the medication will reduce the risk for aspiration B. the medication will inhibit development of gastric ulcers C. the medication will prevent irritation of the enlarged veins D. the medication will decrease nausea and improve the appetite

C esophageal varices are dilated submucosal veins the therapeutic action of H2-receptor blockers in patients with esophageal varices is to prevent irritation and bleeding from the varices caused by reflux of acid gastric contents

a patient who has severe pain associated with terminal pancreatic cancer is being cared for at home by family members. which finding by the nurse indicates that teaching regarding pain management has been effective? A. th patient uses the ordered opioid pain medication whenever the pain is greater than 5 B. the patient agrees to take the medications by the IV route in order to improve analgesic effectiveness C. the patient takes opioids around the clock on a regular schedule and uses additional doses when breakthrough pain occurs D. the patient states that nonopioid analgesics may be used when the maximal dose of the opioid is reached without adequate pain relief

C for chronic cancer pain, analgesics should be taken on a scheduled basis, with additional doses as needed for breakthrough pain

the nurse will plan to teach the patient diagnosed with acute hepatitis B about A. administering alpha-interferon B. side effects of nucleotide analogs C. measures for improving appetite D. ways to increase activity and exercise

C maintaining adequate nutritional intake is important for regeneration of hepatocytes. interferon and antivirals may be used for chronic hepatitis B, but they aren't prescribed for acute hepatitis B infection rest is recommended

which assessment finding would the nurse need to report MOST quickly to the HCP regarding a patient with acute pancreatitis? A. nausea and vomiting B. hypotonic bowel sounds C. muscle twitching and finger numbness D. upper abdominal tenderness and guarding

C muscle twitching and finger numbness indicate hypocalcemia, which may lead to tetany unless calcium gluconate is administered

a patient with chronic hepatitis C infection has several medications prescribed. Which medication requires further discussion with the HCP before administration? A. ribavirin (rebetol, copegus) 600mg PO bid B. diphenhydramine 25mg PO every 4 hours PRN itching C. pegylated alpha intereferon (PEG-intron, Pegasys) 1.5mcg/kg PO daily D. dimenhydrinate (dramamine) 50mg PO every 6 hrs PRIN nausea

C pegylated alpha-interferon is administered subcutaneously, not orally

a patient had an incisional cholecystectomy 6 hours ago. the nurse will place the HIGHEST priority on assisting the patient to A. perform leg exercises hourly while awake B. ambulate the evening of the operative day C. turn, cough, and deep breathe every 2 hours D. choose preferred low-fat foods from the menu

C postoperative nursing care after a cholecystectomy focuses on prevention of respiratory complications because the surgical incision is high in the abdomen and impairs coughing and deep breathing

which topic is MOST important to include in patient teaching for a 41-yr-old patient diagnosed with early alcoholic cirrhosis? A. taking lactulose B. maintaining good nutrition C. avoiding alcohol ingestion D. using vitamin B supplements

C the disease progression can be stopped or reversed by alcohol abstinence the other interventions may be used when cirrhosis becomes more severe to decrease symptoms or complications, but the priority for this patient is to stop the progression of the disease

which action should the nurse in the emergency department take FIRST for a new patient who is vomiting blood? A. insert a large-gauge IV catheter B. draw blood for coagulation studies C. check blood pressure and heart rate D. place the patient in the supine position

C the nurse's first action should be to determine the patient's hemodynamic status by assessing vital signs drawing blood for coagulation studies and inserting an IV catheter are also appropriate however the vitals may indicate need for more urgent action because aspiration is a concern for this patient, the nurse will need to assess the patient's vitals and neuro status before placing the patient in a supine position

to prepare a patient with ascites for paracentesis, the nurse A. places the pt on NPO status B. assists the patient to lie flat in bed C. asks the pt to empty the bladder D. positions the pt on the right side

C the patient should empty the bladder to decrease the risk of bladder perforation during the procedure the patient would be positioned in fowler's position

a 72-yr-old male patient with dehydration caused by an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis is receiving 5% dextrose in normal saline at 125ml/hr. which assessment finding by the nurse is MOST important to report to the HCP? A. pt has not voided for the last 4 hours B. skin is dry with poor turgor on all extremities C. crackles are heard halfway up the posterior chest D. pt has had 5 loose stools over the previous 6 hours

C the presence of crackles in an older patient receiving IV fluids at a high rate suggests volume overload and a need to reduce the rate of the IV infusion

when taking the BP on the right arm of a patient with severe acute pancreatitis, the nurse notices carpal spasms of the patient's right hand. Which action should the nurse take NEXT? A. ask the pt about any arm pain B. retake the patient's BP C. check the calcium level in the chart D. notify the HCP immediately

C the pt with acute pancreatitis is at risk for hypocalcemia, and the assessment data indicate a positive Trousseau's sign the HCP should be notified AFTER the nurse checks the pt's calcium level

which finding is MOST important for the nurse to communicate to the HCP about a patient who received a liver transplant 1 week ago? A. dry palpebral and oral mucosa B. crackles at bilateral lung bases C. temperature 100.8 D. no bowel movement for 4 days

C the risk of infection is high in the first few months after liver transplant, and fever is frequently the only sign of infection

during change-of-shift report, the nurse learns about the following 4 patients. which patient requires assessment FIRST? A. a 40-yr-old pt with chronic pancreatitis who has gnawing abdominal pain B. a 58-yr-old patient who has compensated cirrhosis and is complaining of anorexia C. a 55-yr-old patient with cirrhosis and ascites who has an oral temp of 1-2 D. a 36-yr-old pt recovering from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy who has sever shoulder pain

C this patient's history and fever suggest possible spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, which would require rapid assessment and interventions such as antibiotic therapy

a 58-yr-old woman who was recently diagnosed with esophageal cancer tells the nurse, "I do not feel ready to die yet." Which response by the nurse is MOST appropriate? A. "you may have quite a few years still left to live" B. "thinking about dying will only make you feel worse" C. "having this new diagnosis must be very hard for you" D. "it is imporant that you be realistic about your prognosis"

C this response is open ended and will encourage the patient to further discuss feelings of anxiety or sadness about the diagnosis

the nurse is caring for a patient with pancreatic cancer. which nursing action is the HIGHEST priority? A. offer psychologic support for depression B. offer high-calorie, high-protein dietary choices C. administer prescribed opioids to relieve pain as needed D. teach about the need to avoid scratching any pruritic areas

C effective pain management will be necessary in order for the patient to improve nutrition, be receptive teaching, or manage anxiety or depression

the pt with acute pancreatitis is NPO and has a nasogastric (NG) tube to suction. Which information obtained by the nurse indicates that these therapies have been effective? A. bowel sounds are present B. Grey Turner sign resolves C. electrolyte levels are normal D. abdominal pain is decreased

D NG suction and NPO status will decrease the release of pancreatic enzymes into the pancreas and decrease pains

which finding indicates to the nurse that a patient's transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placed 3 months ago has been effective? A. increased serum albumin level B. decreased indirect bilirubin level C. improved alertness and orientation D. fewer episodes of bleeding carices

D TIPS is used to lower pressure in the portal venous system and decrease the risk of bleeding from esophageal varices

which assessment finding is of MOST concern for a patient with acute pancreatitis? A. absent bowel sounds B. abdominal tenderness C. left upper quadrant pain D. palpable abdominal mass

D a palpable abdominal mass may indicate the presence of a pancreatic abscess, which will require rapid surgical drainage to prevent sepsis

the nurse will ask a patient being admitted with acute pancreatitis specifically about a history of: A. diabetes mellitus B. high- protein diet C. cigarette smoking D. alcohol consumption

D alcohol use is one of the most common risk factors for pancreatitis in the US

the nurse will plan to teach a patient with crohn's disease who has megaloblastic anemia about the need for A. iron dextran infusions B. oral ferrous sulfate tablets C. routine blood transfusions D. cobalamin (b12) supplements

D crohn's disease frequently affects the ileum, where absorption of cobalamin occurs cobalamin must be administered regularly by nasal spray or IM to correct the anemia

which question from the nurse would help determine if a patient's abdominal pain might indicate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) A. have you been passing a lot of gas? B. what foods affect your bowel patterns? C. do you have any abdominal distention? D. how long have you had abdominal pain?

D one criterion for the diagnosis of IBS is the presence of abdominal discomfort or pain for at least 3 months

which action will be included in the care of a patient who has recently been diagnosed with asymptomatic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)? A. teach symptoms of variceal bleeding B. draw blood for hepatitis serology testing C. discuss the need to increase caloric intake D. review the patient's current medication list

D some meds can increase the risk for NAFLD and they should be eliminated

a serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L (3.2 mmol/L) is reported for a patient with cirrhosis who has scheduled dose of spironolactone (aldactone) and furosemide (lasix) due. Which actions should the nurse take? A. withhold both drugs B. administer both drugs C. administer the furosemide D. administer the spironolactone

D spironolactone is a potassium=sparing diuretic and will help increase the patient's potassium level the nurse does not need to talk with the doctor before giving spironolactone, although the health care provider should be notified of the low potassium value the furosemide will further decrease the patient's potassium level and should be held until the nurse talks with the health care provider

which focused data will the nurse monitor in relation to the 4+ pitting edema assessed in a patient with cirrhosis? A. hemoglobin B. temperature C. activity level D. albumin level

D the low oncotic pressure caused by hypoalbuminemia is a major pathophysiologic factor in the development of edema the other parameters are not directly associated with the patient's edema

a nurse is considering which patient to admit to the same room as a patient who had a liver transplant 3 weeks ago and is now hospitalized with acute rejection. which patient would be the BEST choice? A. patient who is receiving chemotherapy for liver cancer B. patient who is receiving treatment for acute hepatitis C C. patient who has a wound infection after cholecystectomy D. patient who requires pain management for chronic pancreatitis

D the patient with chronic pancreatitis does not present an infection risk to the immunosuppressed patient who had a liver patient the other patients either are at risk for infection or currently have an infection, which will place the immunosuppressed patient at risk for infection

a patient with cirrhosis has ascites and 4+ edema of the feet and legs. which nursing action will be included in the plan of care? A. restrict daily dietary protein intake B. reposition patient every 4 hours C. perform passive ROM 2x daily D. place the pr on a pressure-relief mattress

D the pressure-relieving mattress will decrease the risk for skin breakdown for this patient adequate dietary protein intake is necessary in patients with ascites to improve oncotic pressure

a young adult contracts hepatitis from contaminated food. during the acute (icteric) phase of the patient's illness, the nurse would expect serologic testing to reveal: A. antibody to hepatitis D (anti-HDV) B. hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG) C. anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin G (anti-HAV IgG) D. anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin M (anti-HAV IgM)

D. Hepatitis A is transmitted through the oral-fecal route, and antibody to HAV IgM appears during the acute phase of hepatitis. the patient would not have antigen for hepatitis B or D. Anti-HAV IgG would indicate PAST infection and lifelong immunity

cullen's sign in acute pancreatitis

cullen's sign consists of ecchymosis around the umbilicus cullen's sign occurs because of seepage of bloody exudates from the inflamed pancreas and indicated severe acute pancreatitis

which nursing action will be included in the plan of care for a 25-yr-old male patient with a new diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? A. encourage the patient to express concerns and ask questions about IBS B. suggest that the patient increase the intake of milk and other dairy products C. teach the patient to avoid using nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) D.teach the patient about the use of alosetron (lotronex) to reduce IBS symptoms

A because psychologic and emotional factors can affect the symptoms for IBS, encouraging the patient to discuss emotions and ask questions is an important intervention.

a patient in the outpatient clinic is diagnosed with acute hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A. schedule the patient for HCV genotype testing B. administer the HCV vaccine and immune globulin C. teach the patient about ribavirin (rebetol) treatment D. explain that the infection will resolve over a few months

A genotyping of HCV has an important role in managing treatment and is done before drug therapy is initiated because most patients with acute HCV infection convert to chronic state, the nurse should not teach the patient that it will resolve in a few months. immune globulin or vaccine is NOT AVAILABLE for HCV ribavirin is used for chronic HCV infection

a patient has a new diagnosis of Crohn's disease after having frequent diarrhea and a weight loss of 10lb over 2 months. the nurse will plan to teach about A. medication use B. fluid restriction C. enteral nutrition D. activity restrictions

A medications are used to induce and maintain remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

which prescribed intervention for a patient with chronic short bowel syndrome will the nurse question? A. senna 1 tablet every day B. ferrous sulfate 325mg daily C. psyllium (metamucil) 3 times daily D. diphenoxylate with atropine (lomotil) prn loose stools

A patients with short bowel syndrome have diarrhea because of decreased nutrient and fluid absorption and would not need stimulant laxatives

the nurse is planning care for a patient with acute severe pancreatitis. The HIGHEST priority patient outcome is A. maintaining normal respiratory function B. expressing satisfaction with pain control C. developing no ongoing pancreatic disease D. having adequate fluid and electrolyte balance

A respiratory failure can occur as a complication of acute pancreatitis and maintenance of adequate respiratory function is the PRIORITY GOAL

a patient with crohn's disease who is taking infliximab (remicade) calls the nurse in the outpatient clinic about new symptoms. which symptom is MOST important to communicate to the hCP? A. fever B. nausea C. joint pain D. headache

A since infliximab suppresses the immune response, rapid treatment of infection is essential

which finding indicates to the nurse that lactulose is effective for an older adult who has advanced cirrhosis? A. pt is alert and oriented B. pt denies nausea or anorexia C. pt's bilirubin level decreases D. pt has at least one stool daily

A the purpose of lactulose in the pt with cirrhosis is to lower ammonia levels and prevent encephalopathy although lactulose may be used to treat constipation, that is not the purpose for this pt lactulose will not decrease nausea and vomiting or lower bilirubin levels

the nurse administering alpha-interferon and ribavirin (rebetol) to a patient with chronic hepatitis C will plan yo monitor for: A. leukopenia B. hypokalemia C. polycythemia D. hypoglycemia

A therapy with ribavirin and alpha-interferon may cause leukopenia the other problems are not associated with this drug therapy

a patient is awaiting surgery for acute peritonitis. which action will the nurse include in the plan of care? A. position pt with knees flexed B. avoid use of opioids or sedative drugs C. offer frequent small sips of clear liquids D. assist patient to breathe deeply and cough

A there is less peritoneal irritation with the knees flexed, which will help decrease pain

a patient has been admitted with acute liver failure. which assessment data are MOST important for the nurse to communicate to the HCP? A. asterixis and lethargy B. jaundiced sclera and skin C. elevated total bilirubin level D. liver 3 cm below costal margin

A the pt's findings of asterixis and lethargy are consistent with grade 2 hepatic encephalopathy pts with acute liver failure can deteriorate rapidly from grade 1 or 2 to grade .3 or 4 hepatic encephalopathy and need early transfer to a transplant center

after an unimmunized individual is exposed to hepatitis B through a needle-stick injury, which actions will the nurse plan to take (select all that apply)? A. administer hepatitis B vaccine B. test for antibodies to hepatitis B C. teach about alpha-interferon therapy D. give hepatitis B immune globulin E. teach about choices for oral antiviral therapy

A, B, D the recommendations for hepatitis B exposure include both vaccination and immune globulin administration in addition, baseline testing for hepatitis B antibodies will be needed interferon and oral antivirals are not used for hepatitis B prophylaxis