Questions from Exam 1

Which of the following is a function of blood? A) temperature regulation B) immune response C) regulating insulin levels D) A & B E) B & C

A & B

Which of the following are mechanisms that they body uses to pump blood from the body back to the heart (venus return)? A) skeletal pump B) lymphatic pump C) respiratory pump D) all of the above E) A & C only

A & C only

Which of the following can help regulate blood pressure? A) autoregulation B) neural mechanisms C) endocrine mechanisms D) all of the above E) none of the above

All of the above

Capillaries that have a complete lining are called: A) continuous capillaries B) fenestrated capillaries C) sinousoidal capillaries D) sinusoids E) vasa vasorum

continous capillaries

Identify the two types of capillaries with a complete endothelium (Module 19.3A) A) continuous capillaries and fenestrated capillaries B) fenestrated capillaries and sinusoidal capillaries C) continuous capillaries and sinusoidal capillaries D) fenestrated capillaries and lacteals E) sinusoidal capillaries and collaterals

continuous capillaries and fenestrated capillaries

As blood travels through the body and gets closer to the right atrium, blood pressure continues to: A) increase B) decrease C) both D) neither

decrease

Which of the following might trigger erythropoieses? A) decrease blood flow to the kidneys B) decreased tissue demand for oxygen C) an increased number of RBCs D) moving from high altitude to low altitude

decrease blood flow to the kidneys

Movement of white blood cells out of the blood vessels and into the surrounding tissue is termed: A) chemotaxis B) diapedesis C) hematopoesis D) transcytosis E) arteriosclerosis

diapedesis

Which of the following is not true of basophils? A) constitute about 1 percent of WBCs B) promote inflammation C) granules contain histamine D) contain dense blue stained granules in the Wright stain E) increased production during parasitic infections

increased production during parasitic infections

For the cardiovascular system, shock is defined as: A) excessive surprise B) exposure to extreme cold C) insufficient blood supply to tissues D) excessive blood supply to tissues E) A & B

insufficient blood supply to tissues

Which of the following is recycled by the body whenever possible? A) globin groups B) iron C) bilirubin D) bilverdin

iron

Which of the following BEST describes the Aorta? A) elastic artery B) muscular artery C) arteriole D) capillary E) vein

elastic artery

Increased count of which type of cell could indicate a parasitic infection? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) erythrocyte E) eosinophil

eosinophil

Which of the following is responsible for transport of carbon dioxide? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) erythrocyte E) eosinophil

erythrocyte

When RBC's are recycled, bilirubin is: A) recycled by macrophages B) recycled by the liver C) excreted in feces D) converted into a heme group E) A & B

excreted in feces

Capillaries with a perforated lining are called A) perforated capillaries B) discontinuous capillaries C) fenestrated capillaries D) sinuses E) vasa vasorum

fenestrated capillaries

At what sites in the body are fenestrated capillaries located? (Module 19.3B) A) fenestrated capillaries are located in the central nervous system B) fenestrated capillaries are located in the thymus C) fenestrated capillaries are located in the liver and bone marrow D) fenestrated capillaries are located in endocrine glands, the choroid plexus of the brain, absorptive areas of the intestine, and filtration areas of the kidneys E) fenestrated capillaries are located in the pituitary gland, bone marrow, and spleen

fenestrated capillaries are located in endocrine glands, the choroid plexus of the brain, absorptive areas of the intestine, and filtration areas of the kidneys

Which of the following is NOT a phase of hemostasis? A) vascular spasm B) fibrinolysis C) platelet plug formation D) coagulation E) all of the above are phases of hemostasis

fibrinolysis

Formation of blood cells is called: A) chemotaxis B) diapedesis C) hematopoesis D) transcytosis E) Arteriosclerosis

hematopoesis

Which type of anemia is a result of immune cells attacking and destroying RBCs? A) pernicious B) sickle cell C) hemorrhagic D) iron deficiency E) hemolytic

hemolytic

Which of the following can lead to vasodilation? A) release of prostaglandins B) release of thromboxane C) lactic acid buildup D) decrease in temperature

lactic acid buildup

Which of the choices below DOES NOT explain why low capillary pressures are desirable? A) capillaries are fragile and high pressure would rupture them B) most capillaries are extremely permeable and thus even low pressures force soluble-containing fluid out of the bloodstream C) low blood pressure is associated with longer life span than high blood pressure D) low capillary pressure reduces the load of drainage the lymphatic drainage must handle

low blood pressure is associated with longer life span than high blood pressure

Sensory neurons that are part of the chemoreceptor reflexes are found in all of the following EXCEPT the: A) common carotid artery B) arch of the aorta C) medulla oblongata D) lungs

lungs

Which of the following is the largest of the cells listed and a major defender against viruses? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) erythrocyte E) eosinophil

monocyte

During hemostasis, Prothrombinase acts as an enzyme from which reactant? A) fibrin B) Fibrinogen C) prothrombin D) thrombin E) factor X

prothrombin

As rate of exercise increases, your cardiac output: A) raises infinitely B) raises toward a maximum C) decreases toward a minimum D) decreases infinitely E) cardiac output remains constant

raises toward a maximum

Which of the following is the primary transporter of waste products? A) veins B) capillaries C) arterioles D) elastic arteries E) muscular arteries

veins

Which of the following is the side where blood pressure is the lowest? A) veins B) capillaries C) arterioles D) elastic arteries E) muscular arteries

veins

Varicose veins are a disorder of: A) pulmonary pressure B) pulmonary pump C) venous valves D) arterial pressure

venous valves

Compare the types of cells that lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells produce (Module 17.3C)

Lymphoid stem cells give rise to lymphocytes. Myeloid stem cells give rise to all the formed elements except lymphocytes

Shock may be caused by all of the following except: A) a drop in blood volume B) poor heart function C) inappropriate vasodilation D) obstruction of the blood vessels E) a spike in blood volume

a spike in blood volume

Which of the following is the site where resistance to blood flow is greatest? A) veins B) capillaries C) arterioles D) elastic arteries D) muscular arteries

arterioles

An undesirable thickening of blood vessel walls: A) chemotaxis B) diapedesis C) hematopoesis D) transcytosis E) arteriosclerosis

arteriosclerosis

Which of the following hormones DOES NOT increase blood pressure? A) atrial natriuretic peptide B) epinephrine C) EPO D) anti-diuretic hormone E) all lead to increased blood pressure

atrial natriuretic peptide

________ is the regulation of blood flow by local mechanisms within a capillary bed: A) central regulation B) autoregulation C) tissue perfusion D) all of the above E) none of the above

autoregulation

Where are red blood cells formed? A) spleen B) kidney C) liver D) macrophages E) bone marrow

bone marrow

Which of the following releases histamine and heparin and also contains granules? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) erythrocyte E) eosinophil

basophil

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are: A) neutrophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) monocytes

basophils

What is the primary function of platelets? A) blood clotting B) immunity C) transfer of oxygen D) transfer of carbon dioxide E) all of the above F) none of the above

blood clotting

Which of the following is the site where gas exchange takes place? A) veins B) capillaries C) arterioles D) elastic arteries E) muscular arteries

capillaries

I'm hitting the weights at the gym hard. Which of the following is true? A) my body is digesting my breakfast at the highest rate of the day B) blood supply to my brain is decreasing to support my muscles C) blood supply to my liver is increasing D) my cardiac output is at or near maximum levels E) all of the above

my cardiac output is at or near maximum levels

Which of the following has a multi-lobed nucleus, acts as a phagocyte, and contains granules? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) erythrocyte E) eosinophil

neutrophil

Which of the following is the most abundant WBC? A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) basophil D) erythrocyte E) eosinophil

neutrophil

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term eosinophils? A) release histamine B) become macrophages C) defend against specific pathogens or toxins and produce antibodies in response to antigens D) kill bacteria using cytotoxic chemicals E) often elevated in allergic reactions

often elevated in allergic reactions

Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood will result in decreased: A) heart rate B) cardiac output C) blood flow to the lungs D) parasympathetic stimulation of the heart E) none of the above

parasympathetic stimulation to the heart

Which type of anemia is a result of having too little of a specific vitamin? A) pernicious B) sickle cell C) hemorrhagic D) iron deficiency E) hemolytic

pernicious

Cells that can make specific type of cells (such as RBCs) but not any cell type are called: A) potent B) omnipotent C) pluripotent D) impotent

pluripotent

To keep blood flowing, the heart must generate enough pressure to overcome: A) blockages B) heat C) resistance D) cardiac output E) time

resistance

Which of the following capillary types has the biggest holes, allowing for bulk transport? A) continuous B) fenestrated C) sinousoid D) both A & B E) both A & C

sinousoid

Red blood cells are anucleate, meaning: A) they carry oxygen B) they contain hemoglobin C) they are very small D) they have no nucleus E) all of the above

they have no nucleus

Platelet numbers are regulated by which of the following hormones? A) EPO B) C3PO C) thrombin D) fibrin

thrombin

Which of the following is much bigger in arteries than in veins? A) tunica externa B) tunica media C) tunica interna D) all are about the same size

tunica media

What factors are involved in the formation of varicose veins? (Module 19.4D) A) varicose veins form when blood pressure is too high damaging the valves B) varicose veins form when blood pressure is too low so the valves do not open C) varicose veins form when the vein walls weaken and the valves fail so blood begins to pool in the veins D) varicose veins form when the valves become stiff and fail to open E) varicose veins form when sympathetic activiation causes venoconstriction

varicose veins form when the vein walls weaken and the valves fail so blood begins to pool in the veins