Quiz 3

Dr. Myers determines that a sample size of N=500 will yield an error of estimation (EE) of approximately 12%. However, if he increases his sample size to N=5,000, the EE decreases to 5%. Lastly, he determines if he increases the sample size to N=50,000, the EE will be only 3.8%. According to the "rules" of an economic sample, which sample size should Dr. Myers choose?

5,000

Marcy wants to collect data about student attitudes towards the new University president. She decides to collect her sample by posing her questions to students as they pass outside of the student center. Marcy is using the ________ sampling method.

Convenience

Which of the following methods would be used to collect data about the occurrence of diseases?

Demographic research

The ___________ is the degree to which a researcher's results are affected by sampling error

Margin of Error

Two advantages of cluster sampling are _________________.

No sampling frame needed and it takes less time and effort to collect your sample

Researchers wanted to measure the degree of anxiety present during public speaking in 5th graders versus 9th graders. The researchers decided to measure the amount of nervous fidgets during the public speaking event. This is an example of a(n) __________ measure.

Observational

Researchers place unobtrusive video recorders in the living room of 20 children. Later, coders view the tapes and code how many minutes each child spends playing video games. This is a _______ measure.

Observational/duration

Name the three types of nonprobability sampling are [a], [b] & [c]

Quota Sampling, Purposive sampling and Convenience sampling.

What are the three factors that affect the "error of estimation?"

Sample size, Population size and Variance of the data

the four types of probability sampling methods are [a], [b], [c], and [d].

Simple Random sampling, Systematic Sampling, Stratified Random Sampling, Cluster Sampling

In "sampling" terms, subgroups of a population that share a particular characteristic are known as ____________.

Strata

Which survey method tests two or more groups at different time points?

Successive Independent Samples

What probability sampling method might you use if you do not have a sampling frame?

Systematic Sample or Cluster Sample

Which of the following statements describes the difference between probability sampling and nonprobability sampling methods?

When using a probability sampling method you can calculate the error of estimation. You cannot calculate the error of estimation using a nonprobability sampling method. When using a probability sampling method, each subject has a certain probability of being chosen for the sample and that probability is known. This is not true for nonprobability samples. Nonprobability sampling methods will result in a less representative sample than probability sampling methods. (answer is all of the above)

Which of the following statements must be true in order to calculate the "error of estimation?"

You must use probability sampling methods in order to calculate the error of estimation.

Which type of validity do descriptive research methods rely heavily on?

external validity

Which of these is NOT a probability sample?

quota sample

Given what you know about z-scores, and given the information provided below, please determine the raw score of participant X.

raw score of participant X = 40

Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency?

standard deviation

To ensure that she obtained a sufficiently large number of minority respondents in a study on racial attitudes, a researcher divided the people in her population in to four racial groups. She then drew a random sample from each of these groups. What kind of sample is this?

stratified random sample