QUIZ: Week 4 Self Assessment

According to Newton's Law of Gravitation, if you increase the distance between two objects by a factor of 4, the force of gravity between them will be

16 times weaker

There are _____ types of planets in the solar system: _____.

3; terrestrial, gas giants, and ice giants

The current dwarf planets in our solar system are

Ceres, Pluto, Makemake, Haumea, and Eris

What is special about Jupiter's moon Io?

It is volcanically active.

If a small weather satellite and a larger communications satellite with twice the mass of the weather satellite are orbiting Earth on circles with the same semi-major axis. Which of the following is true according to Newton's generalization of Kepler's 3rd Law?

The two satellites will have the same orbital period because their masses are much less than the mass of the Earth.

Which moon in the Solar System has a heavy nitrogen atmosphere?

Titan

Newton's First Law of Motion states that

a body will stay in a state of rest or in a state of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an outside force.

A satellite has a circular orbit around the Earth. It briefly fires its engines and increases its speed by two percent. After its engines shut off, its new orbit will be

an ellipse with a slightly larger semi-major axis than before.

Newton found that Kepler's Second Law of planetary motion is due to the fact that orbital motion conserves

angular momentum

Which of the following sets of conic sections are closed, bound orbits?

circle, ellipse

The Center of Mass of the Earth-Moon system is:

closer to the center of the Earth because the Earth is more massive

Newton's Law of Gravitation states that the force of gravity between 2 bodies depends _______ and _______.

directly on the masses of both bodies; inversely on the square of the distance between their centers.

A apple has a mass of 1 kg and a rock has a mass of 5 kg. According to Newton's 2nd Law of Motion, if the SAME force is applied to both,

the rock will accelerate 5 times less than the apple.

Galileo performed experiments with falling weights to demonstrate that heavy and light objects falling in Earth's gravity will fall with

the same, constant rate of acceleration.