Quizlet14.2OLI

At high altitudes with low atmospheric pressure (700 mm Hg) but with 21% oxygen, what is the partial pressure of oxygen?

147mm Hg

Atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg and the concentration of oxygen at low altitudes is 21%. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at atmospheric pressure?

160 mmHg

In a hyperbaric chamber the atmosphere can get to high pressures. Consider a pressure of 2000 mmHg. What is the partial pressure of oxygen if it is at 21% concentration?

420 mmHg

The physical process of pulmonary ventilation would be disrupted directly by:

A person holding their breath

If you were going to learn to play an instrument like the flute or trumpet, you would expect which of the following to increase?

All listed answers - Expiratory reserve volume - Inspiratory reserve volume - Vital capacity

Choose the statement below which is not classified as happening in the respiratory zone of the respiratory system.

Allows for passage of air from inside the body to outside of the body. - is not classified

Choose the correct statement to describe events in expiration

As lung volume goes down, pressure goes up

Choose the correct statement to describe events in inspiration.

As lung volume goes up, pressure goes down

Why do the accessory muscles of respiration seem to be training during an asthma attack?

Because the smooth muscle of the bronchioles has constricted increasing the resistance of airflow into the lungs

"Smokers cough" in the morning is caused by what?

Build-up of mucus during smoking which then is expelled when celia awake after a night of sleeping and not smoking

Which is more soluble in water, oxygen or carbon dioxide?

Carbon dioxide

Which cell below is involved in Smoker's Cough?

Ciliate cells

Carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in three different forms. Which form is least common and can diffuse from the tissues into the blood?

Dissolved

Compliance of the lungs is dependent on what two properties of lung tissue?

Elasticity of the connective tissue and alveolar surface tension

What structure is normally open to allow air to freely flow into the larynx but is close when food and water are being swallowed?

Epiglottis

The partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli then the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood plasma. What is this called?

External respiration

Mucus lacking what would not be able to perform the function of humidifying as well?

Glycosylations

Which cell below does not reproduce enough mucus due to the lack of the molecule mucin?

Goblet cells

Choose the statement below which is not classified as happening in the conducting zone of the respiratory system.

Has a surface area of about 27 square meters

Which of the following does not describe a pleural effusion with transudate fluid?

Have a significant increase in protein

The flat (planar) ring structure of hemoglobin is called what?

Heme

If the residual respiratory volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after exhaling and cannot be removed no matter hard ones exhales, what would you expect to see for the lungs of a person who dies on land but was thrown in a lake?

If placed in a bucket of water, removed lungs will float

If the residual respiratory volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after exhaling and cannot be removed no matter hard one exhales, what would you expect to see for the lungs of a person who has drowned?

If placed in a bucket of water, removed lungs will sink

What is it when the partial pressure of oxygen is lower in metabolically active cells than in the blood plasma?

Internal respiration

Which of the following pressures will assist in keeping the lungs slightly inflated and ensure that they do not collapse during exhalation?

Intrapulmonary pressure

What is the most inferior portion of the pharynx and carries air and food?

Laryngopharynx

What is the function of the celia in the lungs?

Moving mucus and any debris in the mucus up and out of the lungs

Which of the following is the correct order that air passes through structures in the respiratory system during inspiration?

Nasal, cavities, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

What is it called when partial pressure of carbon dioxide is higher in the alveoli then the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood plasma?

Neither

Which of the three pairs of tonsils are commonly removed in during a tonsillectomy?

Palatine tonsils

Why do we care about partial pressure? Why can't we just consider fraction?

Partial pressure determines how much gas can dissolve into a liquid at equilibrium

Which of the following three pairs of tonsils are commonly referred to as the "adenoids"?

Pharyngeal tonsils

Hyperventilating occurs when a person is breathing too fast and results in the release of too much carbon dioxide and can cause what?

Respiratory alkalosis

The location where gas exchange occurs such as the aveoli is called the what.

Respiratory zone

The presence of surfactant at the gas-liquid interphase lowers what which prevents alveoli from collapsing during exhalation?

Surface tension

Which of the following is not properly matched with its function?

Surfactant - protecting the aveoli from infection - is not properly matched - Hemoglobin - transporting oxygen - Mucus - humidifying cells exposed to the air

Choose the type of circulation that brings deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and also shows a lower blood pressure partially due to lower resistance.

Systemic circulation

Identify the smallest branches of the respiratory tree that does not need cartilage to keep them open.

Terminal bronchioles

Variations in the size and shape of a person's nose is a result of:

The variation in the alar cartilages

Which of the following portions of the trachea is properly matched with its structure?

Trachealis smooth muscle - constricts when someone coughs

Which cell below does not produce enough surfactant causing Respiratory Distress Syndrome in newborns?

Type II alveolar cells