Race & Ethnicity Ch. 11

According to Cuban American culture, which of the following individuals would likely be viewed the most negatively?

Oscar, who saves money carefully and is inhospitable to visitors

What was the primary cause of the Zoot Suit Riot of 1943?

growing racism toward Mexican Americans by whites

Functionalists have identified which of the following as a key aspect of understanding difficulties in assimilation among Hispanic immigrants in the United States?

rapid social change

Which South American nation supplies the most immigrants to the United States?

Colombia

Why has the economic picture in Puerto Rico declined since the 1980s?

Manufacturers have left the island to seek cheaper labor and tax exemptions elsewhere.

Which statement best explains how remittances impact the Mexican economy?

They are an important source of income to Mexico.

After 1964, a significant drop in Puerto Rican migration occurred, impacted by what pull factor?

declining employment opportunities on the mainland

Contemporary Mexican immigrants are disproportionately likely to work in what economic sector?

low-wage physical labor

What kind of immigrant involvement in church matters existed in Puerto Rican communities, in comparison to other Latino groups?

Churches played a smaller role in community identity for Puerto Ricans, in comparison to other communities.

What major differences exist between first- and second-generation Cuban Americans?

First-generation Cuban Americans tend to be more politically engaged than the second generation.

How does average income for Latinos in the United States compare with other racial groups?

It is slightly higher than for blacks and lower than for whites.

Stereotypes about Colombian Americans and their supposed association with the drug trade are best compared to what other immigrant group?

Italian Americans

Which of these individuals is most likely to self-define as a Chicano?

Jose, an activist in the 1960s who is of mixed Spanish and Native ancestry

Which of the following best demonstrates why a much larger percentage of Hispanics than non-Hispanics are young?

Juan is a young adult who immigrated to find work, along with many other people his age.

What term references the ideal of a cohesive Spanish cultural identity?

La Raza Cósmica

Which of these individuals is most likely to avoid intermarriage and resist pan-ethnic Hispanic identity?

Marcos, a first-generation Puerto Rican American

Maria was a young Mexican American citizen who lived in a Mexican American neighborhood in Los Angeles during the Great Depression. Which of these best describes her situation?

Maria could be forcibly deported despite being a citizen.

Which of these best describes the differences in public perception between the first and second waves of Cuban immigrants during the Castro regime?

Members of the largely middle-class first wave were viewed positively, while the poor and working-class second wave was more controversial.

How does the number of Mexican Americans who receive welfare assistance compare with whites getting support?

Mexican Americans receive welfare assistance at a rate approximately one-half that of whites.

Why do Mexican Americans currently attend segregated schools at high rates?

The United States has very high rates of residential segregation.

What U.S. policy resulted in tension with Cuba until the 1930s?

The United States reserved the right to intervene in Cuba if necessary, to protect U.S. interests.

Which of these best describes the approach of Cuban Americans in Miami to discrimination and poor treatment by whites?

They formed an economic enclave and entered local politics.

Why are bodegas important to Puerto Rican communities?

They function as a social gathering place that creates a rich community center.

What impact did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo have on Hispanics in the Southwest?

They gained U.S. citizenship but lost access to their ancestral lands.

Which of the following best describes assimilation and residential patterns among Dominican Americans?

They tend to live in their own ethnic communities.

Which of the following best explains the type of Catholicism most common in Latin America?

a distinctive form that focuses on a community manifestation of faith

Which of these factors contributes to the steadily increasing Hispanic American population in the United States?

a higher than average birth rate

During the second half of the nineteenth century, many Mexican workers came to the United States to work temporarily due to what?

bracero programs to import workers

Dr. Smith is a sociologist who studies Latin American culture and ethnic assimilation in the United States. He is particularly interested in the role of ongoing residential segregation as a manifestation of internal colonialism in the United States. Dr. Smith is most likely to find useful theory in which of the following sociological views?

conflict

Which of the sociological views considers exploitation of low-wage Latino workers by mainstream society, in sweatshops, and in farming communities in the United States as a central reason for their ongoing low status in the country?

conflict

According to interactionist views, which of the following might contribute to ongoing tension between the Latin American immigrants and mainstream American culture?

cultural differences in terms of eye contact and body language

Which of these groups likely has the lowest educational attainment at the high school level?

foreign-born Mexican American students

Which of these factors best explains why racial hierarchies are less important in Puerto Rico than in other places?

high rates of miscegenation

Which of the following best explains why Hispanic immigrants have lower-than-average high school completion rates?

less access to preschool than other racial groups

The participation of women in the workforce can be challenging to which of the following cultural norms in the Latino community?

machismo

Latinos are most underrepresented in which of the following occupational categories?

managerial positions

What aspect of racial identity is most profoundly different between mainstream U.S. culture and Latino culture?

strict lines among races based on skin color in the U.S.

Which of the following best demonstrates the importance of marriage as a tie between families, not just individuals, in Puerto Rican culture?

the use of both parents' last names in naming children