Rad protection chapter 1

The term optimization for radiation protection (orp) is synonymous with the term

ALARA( as low as reasonably achievable

The degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals the presence or absence of disease in the patient defines

diagnostic efficacy

the millisievert (mSv) is equal to

1/1000 of sievert

Which of the following is a method that can be used to answers patient's questions about the amount of radiation received from a radiographic procedure

BERT

BERT

Background equivalent radiation time- method compares the amount of radiation received from radiography imaging and the natural environment

What are consequences for ionization in the human cell

Creation unstable atoms Production free elements Production low energy X-ray photons Creation free radicals the produce poisons in cells Creation new biological molecules detrimental to living cells Injury to cells function no loss of function

Biologic effects

Damage to living tissue of animals and humans

Diagnostic efficacy

Degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals the presence or absence of disease in the patient

Radiation protection

Effective measures employed by radiation workers to safe guard patients, workers,and general public from unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation

Trace

Helps patients and the community to enhance understanding for using radiation safety and for enabling people the ability to participate with their own medical decisions

A patient may elect to assume the relatively small risk of exposure to ionizing radiation to obtain essential diagnostic medical info when

Illness occurs, injury occurs and health screening purposes

BERT does not

Imply radiation risk it is simply a means for comparison

ALARA

Is an acronym for as low as reasonably achievable

ORP

Optimization for radiation protection- keep radiation exposure and consequent dose to lowest possible level

Effective measures employed by radiation workers to safeguard patients , personnel, and general public form unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation is defined

Radiation Protection

BERT emphasizes

Radiation is an innate part of our environment

which of the following is a two phase program to create radiation awareness and community education

TRACE

Risk

The possibility of inducing radiogenic cancer or genetic defect after radiation

TRACE

The tools for radiation awareness and community education program

Three cardinal rules of radiation protection

Time, distance, shielding

The potential benefit of exposing someone to ionizing radiation must out weight the potential risk of adverse biological effects

True

Standardized does reporting for radiologic procedures can lead to

a reduction in patient radiation dose

Radiation Safety Officer is responsible

execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program

an effective radiation safety program requires a firm commitment to radiation safety by

facilities providing imaging services

if patients in facilities in the same location are receiving on average approx the same entrance skin exposure (ESE) in every health facility for a specific imaging procedure with the exception of one facility, in which higher radiation see and subsequent doses are being received for the same procedure, the institution would

no longer be in compliance with the ALARA standards and would have to take necessary action to bring ESE values and subsequent doses back to a level that would comply with regulatory standards

Reducing exposure to patient

reduce amount of X-ray "beam on" time use as much distance as warranted between X-ray tube and patient shield patient with appropriate shielding devices

Reducing exposure to staff/self

shorten time spent in room with x-radiation is produced stand greatest distance possible from X-ray beam use shielding material when needed