RBT Exam 2 Q & A

Bill, a fifth grade special education teacher, brings in a bowl of candy for his students. He tells his students they must first complete their quizzes before they are allowed to eat their candy. What is Bill implementing? A) A contingency B) Incidental teaching C) DTT D) Prompting

A) A contingency

Continuous reinforcement is also known as ____? A) An FR1 schedule B) the best way to maintain a behavior C) A FI1 schedule D) The opposite of intermittent reinforcement

A) An FR1 schedule

Whenever your client wants to get up from the table they will bang their fists and scream. Your BCBA decides it's time to intervene on this behavior. You and the BCBA collaborate on a treatment plan. Before implementation, your BCBA advises the parents that the client might bang their firsts harder and scream louder at first. What is your BCBA referring to? A) An extinction burst B) Punishment induced aggression C) Resistance to punishment D) Unintended side effects of extinction

A) An extinction burst

During long car rides, Billy would tap on the window several times in a row. Billy's mom decided to buy him an Ipad for car rides. Now, when they take car rides, Billy's mom gives Billy the ipad which provides Billy with automatic reinforcement. Billy no longer taps on the window. This is an example of? A) DRI B) DRO C) DRD D) DRA

A) DRI

This differential reinforcement relies on the absence of a behavior A) DRO B) DRL C) DRA D) DRI

A) DRO

Differential reinforcement leads to ______? A) Discrimination B) Prompting C) Incidental teaching D) Shaping

A) Discrimination

Which of the following is the best method for identifying the function of a behavior? A) Functional analysis B) Functional behavior assessment C) Indirect assessment D) Direct assessment

A) Functional analysis

Which of the following is NOT an example of a punishment? A) Louis continues to disrupt the class. Every time he does, the teacher yells at him and says "I'm going to send you to timeout." B) Joe missed his curfew last night, so his parents took away his car keys. Joe no longer misses curfew. C) Tammy buys soup from the deli. When she gets home, she pours the soup in a bowl, and microwaves the soup in the bowl. When she takes the bowl out, she burns her hand. She no longer uses that bowl. D) Bobby answers three questions correctly in a row. The teacher says "great job, Bobby!" Bobby's friends start laughing at him. He stops answering questions.

A) Louis continues to disrupt the class. Every time he does, the teacher yells at him and says "I'm going to send you to timeout."

As your friend is leaving your house, you notice they left their phone on the counter. You yell to your friend "wait!" causing your friend to turn around. Seein the phone is a? A) MO B) Consequence C) SD D) Behavior

A) MO

You and your friends are watching the Super Bowl. A commercial advertising Taco Bell's new Gordita Crunch is shown. You all suddenly agree that you have to go get Taco Bell at half time. The commercial functions as a _____? A) MO B) SD C) Consequence D) Prompt

A) MO

Which of the following is the LAST step in a skill acquisition plan? A) Modify the plan if necessary B) Implement the plan C) Identify a goal D) Collect and analyze skill data

A) Modify the plan if necessary

You are working on gaining stimulus control over your client. Your client will sometimes flip over his chair when presented with a demand. Today, your client flipped over their chair. You asked them to pick it up, they complied, and you started clapping. Now, your client will no longer pick up their chair when you ask. Clapping acted as _____? A) Positive punishment B) Positive reinforcement C) Negative punishment D) Negative reinforcement

A) Positive punishment

You are working with a client in-home and suspect abuse is occurring. What should you do? A) Report it to your supervisor and the appropriate authorities. You are a mandated reporter B) Nothing. It isn't your business. C) Report it just to your BCBA and let them handle it D) Call the police immediately

A) Report it to your supervisor and the appropriate authorities. You are a mandated reporter

Your client has difficulty discriminating between different items, and will always choose an item to their left when presented with choices. What type of preference assessment is most appropriate? A) Single stimulus B) Forced choice C) Multiple stimulus without replacement D) Multiple stimulus with replacement

A) Single stimulus

Which of the following is an example of a dual relationship? A) You attend your client's birthday party as a friend and not a technician B) Taking your client to a restaurant as part of a interventions with the approval of your CBI C) You work with a client in school and in home D) Each session the parent spends an hour with you observing

A) You attend your client's birthday party as a friend and not a technician

When is the best time for you to use an intermittent schedule of reinforcement? A) You taught your client a behavior, and now what to maintain that behavior B) Your client is struggling to acquire new skills C) You are trying to teach your client a new behavior D) You are struggling to gain momentum with a client

A) You taught your client a behavior, and now what to maintain that behavior

Which of the following is an example of extinction? A) Your client spent $30 a day on Roblox last month. His parents found out, and removed the credit card from his account. Now when he attempts to spend money on Roblox, he isn't able to buy anything. B) Anytime you cut yourself, you apply a band aid to stop the bleeding C) During allergy season you are constantly sneezing and sniffling. Every day during allergy season, you take medicine to stop the sneezing D) At an Italian restaurant you order chicken parmesan. The waiter brings you spaghetti and meatballs. You request to talk to the manager and the manager apologizes and brings you your correct meal.

A) Your client spent $30 a day on Roblox last month. His parents found out, and removed the credit card from his account. Now when he attempts to spend money on Roblox, he isn't able to buy anything.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an antecedent intervention? A) Your son brings home a great report card so you take him out for ice cream B) Your client sometimes scratches you so you wear long sleeves to session C) You withhold all kit kat candy bars from your client until session starts D) You're painting your bedroom today, so you spread a bunch of newspaper on the ground to catch the paint drippings

A) Your son brings home a great report card so you take him out for ice cream

What occurs right before the behavior? A) antecedent B) consequence C) motivating operation D) behavior

A) antecedent

As an RBT you are required to know why behavior happens. These are commonly referred to as functions of behavior. What are the four functions? A) escape, tangible, automatic, attention B) escape, sadness, control, tangible C) sensory, automatic, tangible, escape D) attention, fear, anger, tangible

A) escape, tangible, automatic, attention

Which of the following is NOT a conditioned reinforcer A) sleep B) money C) tokens D) verbal praise

A) sleep

You are assigned a client in-home. The client has multiple siblings, but they all share one Xbox. Your BCBA requests that you spend your first two sessions building rapport, and observing behavior. You notice that each time your client's brother is on the Xbox, your client will run over and unplug the Xbox. This results in the brother getting off of the Xbox and your client playing the Xbox. What would you hypothesize is the function of unplugging the Xbox? A) tangible B) attention C) automatic D) escape

A) tangible

Which of the following is an abscissa? A) x-axis B) phase change line C) y-axis D) baseline

A) x-axis

When you are speaking with a family it is important to ____? A) Document every conversation you have with the parents B) Avoid using jargon and technical language C) Use as much technical ABA language as you can. It's important for the family to understand the terms D) avoid speaking to the family as much as possible. Your job is only to implement treatment plans.

B) Avoid using jargon and technical language

Your partner makes the same terrible joke every time you bring home Starbucks. In the past, you laughed only to be nice and the jokes continued. Today, you decided you weren't going to laugh or respond anymore. What are you implementing? A) Negative punishment B) Extinction C) Positive punishment D) Extinction burst

B) Extinction

Which of the following would be an inappropriate way to identify preferences for your client? A) Ask their parents what the client likes B) Find a top 10 list of things children like on the internet C) Ask the client what they like D) Observe the client in their natural environment

B) Find a top 10 list of things children like on the internet

You are working as a bartender and are training a new bartender how to make a margarita. The steps are: add tequila, add lime, add sweet and sour, add ice, shake, and pour. You first teach the bartender to add the tequila and prompt them through the rest. Once they independently are able to add the tequila you reinforce. You now expect them to add the tequila and the lime independently before receiving reinforcement. What method are you using to teach? A) Backwards chaining B) Forward chaining C) Shaping D) Total task chaining

B) Forward chaining

You are trying to gain compliance with your client. You decide to give them 3 easy requests in a row, and then follow it up with a harder task. What are you trying to do? A) Prompt the behavior B) Gain behavior momentum C) Shape the behavior D) Reinforce the behavior

B) Gain behavior momentum

Tom has been learning how to swing a golf club in his backyard using plastic balls and a net. Tomorrow he is going to go play a round of golf on a real course. If Tom is able to competently swing his clubs on the course, he would be doing what? A) Shaping B) Generalizing C) Maintenance D) Reinforcing

B) Generalizing

Which of the following is part of an RBT's role during service delivery? A) Babysitting for the client B) Implement the skill acquisition plan C) Conducting FBAs D) Modifying the treatment plan

B) Implement the skill acquisition plan

Before you implement an extinction procedure, what ethical responsibility do you have? A) Consult with your local authorities B) Inform the caregivers and those around the client that an extinction burst may occur C) There are not ethical considerations for extinction D) Consult with legal representatives

B) Inform the caregivers and those around the client that an extinction burst may occur

Which of the following is the best example of maintaining client dignity? A) Explaining to the waitress that your client has autism during a CBI B) Not restricting the client's right to food or water C) Sharing a client's information with a peer D) Sharing a client's private information with other RBTs

B) Not restricting the client's right to food or water

All of the following are appropriate for conducting a task analysis EXCEPT A) Observe a competent individual perform the task B) Observe someone that is of equal skill in relation to your client C) Perform the task yourself D) Consult with experts or skilled persons performing the task

B) Observe someone that is of equal skill in relation to your client

You have been working with a family for over a year now. One day, the mom tells you about a new Netflix documentary she watched that claimed autism can be cured by eating frozen peas every single day. She asks your opinion. What should you do? A) Tell your client they are crazy to believe that theory B) Politely decline to give your opinion and refer your client to the supervisor C) Watch the Netflix documentary first, and then share your opinion on this diet D) Report your client to the authorities

B) Politely decline to give your opinion and refer your client to the supervisor

You are working with a client in an adult group home. Your client is a heavy drinker who wants to quit drinking. With your help, your BCBA develops a behavior contract stating that your client will not have more than three drinks per week for the next month. Your client upholds his end of the contract for the first two weeks, then on the third week your client expresses he wants out of the behavior contract, and is going to have four drinks that night. What should you do? A) Report your client to your supervisor and terminate services B) Recommend to the client they continue with the contract, but it is ultimately their choice C) Check your client into a rehab facility D) Prevent your client from drinking. They are not allowed to per the contract.

B) Recommend to the client they continue with the contract, but it is ultimately their choice

A ___ signals that reinforcement is available A) SDelta B) SD C) MO D) SP

B) SD

Which of the following best describes behavior? A) Bill doesn't like being hot, so he turns on the air conditioner. B) Susan dropped her pencil, and then turned on the light C) Tim is scared of the dark, so he turns on all the lights D) Greg is tired, so he turned off the lights

B) Susan dropped her pencil, and then turned on the light

What is the ultimate goal of reinforcement? A) A self-management plan B) That the client will receive reinforcement from the natural environment C) Fade to a VR schedule D) A behavior contract

B) That the client will receive reinforcement from the natural environment

Which of the following best describes response latency? A) The time between the waiter asking you what you would like to order, and you completing your order B) The time between the waiter asking you what you would like to order, and you starting to tell the waiter your order C) The time in between you sitting down for dinner, and then leaving dinner. D) The time in between bites of food once you receive your order

B) The time between the waiter asking you what you would like to order, and you starting to tell the waiter your order

Your client is learning how to prepare dinner for his family. He recently learned to cook spaghetti and meatballs independently except for boiling the water and adding seasoning. What method would be best to teach your client these steps? A) Backwards chaining B) Total task chaining C) DTT D) Forward chaining

B) Total task chaining

Which of the following is NOT an example of a prompt? A) Before you start cooking you put all the ingredients you need on the counter so you include everything that the recipe calls for B) When you ask your client want 2+2 is, you give them marbles to count. Your client answers "2+2 = 6" C) You're training discrimination with a client. You say "point to triangle" and then you look at triangle. Your client points to triangle. D) You leave $10 on the counter to remind your partner to pick up coffee on their way home

B) When you ask your client want 2+2 is, you give them marbles to count. Your client answers "2+2 = 6"

Which of the following is an example of stimulus generalization? A) You call your dog multiple nick names throughout the day B) You like to take afternoon naps. Sometimes you nap on the bed, sometimes on the couch, and sometimes on the chair. C) You see someone hold up their hand. This sometimes means "stop", "hello", or "give me a high five." D) When you see your boss in the morning sometimes you say "hello", sometimes you say "good morning", and sometimes you just smile.

B) You like to take afternoon naps. Sometimes you nap on the bed, sometimes on the couch, and sometimes on the chair.

A motivating operation _____ and an SD _____? A) comes after an SD, comes after a prompt B) alters the value of a reinforcer, signals a reinforcer is available C) signals a reinforcer is available, alters the value of a reinforcer D) comes before the SD, comes after the prompt

B) alters the value of a reinforcer, signals a reinforcer is available

When you answer questions in science class you receive praise, so you continue answering questions. When you answer questions during English class, you receive no praise, and stop answering questions. What is this an example of? A) shaping B) differential reinforcement C) punishment D) positive reinforcement

B) differential reinforcement

A consequence intervention is also known as a _____ strategy? A) punishment B) reactive C) unethical D) proactive

B) reactive

Tiffany is mand training with her client Bella. When Bella asks for water or apples, she should receive water or apples. When Bella asks her mom for water, she is immediately given water. When Bella asks her brother for water, her brother will often ignore her. Bella now only asks her mom for water, and not her brother. What is this considered? A) stimulus generalization B) stimulus discrimination C) response generalization D) response discrimination

B) stimulus discrimination

Which of the following is known as the ordinate? A) condition change line B) y-axis C) baseline D) x-axis

B) y-axis

You are told to observe mouthing behavior by your client. You record the first instance of mouthing after 10 minutes, the second instance after 15 minutes, and the third instance after 30 minutes. What is the average interreponse time? A) 12 minutes B) 15 minutes C) 10 minutes D) 30 minutes

C) 10 minutes

Each month an RBT must receive supervision of _____ of their hours spent providing services. A) 15% B) 2% C) 5% D) 10%

C) 5%

Data collected should be all of the following EXCEPT ____? A) Valid B) Reliable C) Approved D) Accurate

C) Approved

You are starting a brand new client tomorrow. Your BCBA asks you to collect data on matching skills and imitation skills before intervention starts. What type of data are you collecting? A) DRO B) Inaccurate C) Baseline D) Continuous

C) Baseline

Your client hates the sound of Baby Shark being played through your phone. Whenever you play Baby Shark, your client hits you. You teach your client to say "please stop playing that song" instead of hitting you. Now, when your client says "please stop playing that song" you stop playing the song, but when your client hits you, you continue playing the song. What is this considered? A) DRI B) DRO C) DRA D) DRH

C) DRA

The goal of a stimulus preference assessment is what? A) Determine what skills your client wants to work on B) Identify reinforcers C) Identify possible motivators D) Determine treatment goals

C) Identify possible motivators

You say "1, 2" and your client says "3." You then say "old McDonald had a" and your client says "farm." What are you working on? A) Echoics B) Tacts C) Intraverbals D) Mands

C) Intraverbals

You are upstairs killing time while you cook your frozen pizza in the oven. 18 minutes later you hear the oven go off. It takes you 10 seconds to start walking to the oven. The 10 seconds represents what? A) Duration B) IRT C) Latency D) Rate

C) Latency

Tim is working in a clinic setting. Every day, 4 clients eat lunch at 11am and 4 eat lunch at 12pm. Tim is responsible for taking data on his client's eating behavior, but must also make sure the other clients are eating. Every 3 minutes Tim will look at his client and record whether or not his client is eating. What kind of measurement is this? A) Partial interval recording B) Continuous measurement C) Momentary time sampling D) Frequency

C) Momentary time sampling

Tammy wants to go to a party this weekend. Her mom tells Tiffany that if her homework is done when mom gets home from work, she is allowed to go to the party. What would be the best way for mom to measure this goal? A) Frequency count of how many problems Tammy does B) Setting up cameras to record Tammy completing her homework C) Permanent Product D) Event Recording

C) Permanent Product

Frequency and rate are often used interchangeably in behavior analysis. What is the distinction between the two? A) Rate measures how long something occurred, while frequency measures how many times something occurred. B) Rate is an indirect measurement C) Rate is frequency with a time component added D) There is no difference between the two

C) Rate is frequency with a time component added

You're about to start a session with a client. What do you need to do to be sure you're ready to have a successful session (at the very minimum)? A) Text your BCBA before every session to ask what you should run B) You should conduct a functional behavioral assessment and a preference assessment C) Read the session notes from the previous session D) Show up to every session with new potential reinforcers

C) Read the session notes from the previous session

What is a prerequisite to differential reinforcement? A) You must try punishment first B) You must conduct a preference assessment C) The learner must have the replacement behavior in their repertoire D) You must identify at least 3 different reinforcers

C) The learner must have the replacement behavior in their repertoire

When producing a line graph the behavior you are tracking goes where? A) the x-axis B) on the horizontal C) The y-axis D) on the bottom of the graph

C) The y-axis

Which of the following is the best example of interresponse time? A) Flights were too expensive, so you decided you would drive to the beach instead. The trip took 4 hours there, and 5 hours back. B) You got to the party at 8pm, but you didn't start to greet your friends until 8:10 pm C) You are mailing out wedding invitations. You have to lick and seal 300 envelopes. You usually take a 10 second break in between sealing one and licking another. D) You are measuring on-task behavior. If your client stays on task the entire time, you mark it as correct.

C) You are mailing out wedding invitations. You have to lick and seal 300 envelopes. You usually take a 10 second break in between sealing one and licking another.

Which of the following is an example of response generalization? A) You teach your client to wash their hands at home. Your client can now wash their hands at Target, Wendy's, and school. B) You are staying over at a friend's house for the weekend. They ask you to not use the white towels, so you use the green towels instead. C) You receive a text message that says "what's up." Sometimes you respond "nothing much, you?" Sometimes you respond "working." and sometimes you respond "bored. Want to hang out?" D) You are teaching your client how to multiply. You ask "what is 2x2" and then you say "4". Your client responds with "4".

C) You receive a text message that says "what's up." Sometimes you respond "nothing much, you?" Sometimes you respond "working." and sometimes you respond "bored. Want to hang out?"

You have been working at a private practice ABA clinic. There is one BCBA who does supervision and runs the business. You are made aware that the BCBA is billing hours they did not actually work. What is your responsibility as an RBT? A) Nothing. Billing is not part of your job description. B) You can choose whether or not you report your BCBA to the board, but you are not obligated C) You should report your BCBA to the BACB board D) Quit your job immediately

C) You should report your BCBA to the BACB board

Consequences affect ____ behavior? A) current B) current and future C) future D) past

C) future

All of the following are examples of continuous measurement except ___? A) latency B) IRT C) interval recording D) duration

C) interval recording

As an RBT you may be asked to conduct indirect assessments and measurements. Which of the following is an example of indirect measurement? A) event recording B) interval recording C) surveys D) latency measurment

C) surveys

You have worked with a client for 6 months now and have a good relationship with the family. The mom needs a babysitter and asks your BCBA if you can take the job. The BCBA says of course and directs you to babysit Saturday night for the family. What should you do? A) Tell them you will babysit but cancel at the last minute to protect yourself B) Babysit for the family. You must listen to your supervisor. C) Request to come off the case. Your relationship with the family is now too personal. D) Decline and remind your BCBA that babysitting the client without the parents home and off the clock would be unethical

D) Decline and remind your BCBA that babysitting the client without the parents home and off the clock would be unethical

Which of the following would be the best way to fade reinforcement from thickest schedule to thinnest schedule? A) FR -> VI -> Fi B) FI -> FR -> VR C) VI -> FI -> FR D) FR -> FI -> VR

D) FR -> FI -> VR

After 3 months of teaching, your client is finally able to tell you their name and their address. You are really excited, and want to show their parents. When the client's mom asks "what is your address?", your client is unable to answer. This is a failure to ______? A) Shape B) Maintain C) Prompt D) Generalize

D) Generalize

You are teaching someone how to shoot pool. You start by holding their arms and demonstrating the motion. You then only put your hands on their elbows. You then remove the prompt all together. What are you implementing? A) Least-to-most prompting B) Task chaining C) Delayed prompting D) Gradual guidance

D) Gradual guidance

Your client is a 3 year old girl with autism. Throughout the day she will stick coins in her mouth. Whenever you tell her to stop she smiles and continues to do it. Although she hasn't swallowed the coins, it is possible she could someday. What would be the best and quickest intervention for this behavior? A) Put the behavior on extinction. Attention appears to be reinforcing the client putting coins in their mouth and the client hasn't swallowed coins before. B) Send your client to time out every time they put coins in their mouth C) Continue to tell your client how dangerous it is to put coins in their mouth. They need to learn safety skills. D) Hide all available coins and block your client from accessing coins

D) Hide all available coins and block your client from accessing coins

You are assigned to a BCBA to assist in an assessment for a brand new client. During the course of the assessment, you ask your client "say your name", "give me a high five", "what is 2+2", and several other basic questions. What are you doing? A) Naturalistic Teaching B) DTT C) Shaping D) Probing

D) Probing

Select the best definition for differential reinforcement, from the choices below: A) A stimulus that, when presented following a behavior, causes an overall DECREASE in that behavior over time B) A stimulus, that when presented following a bx, causes an overall INCREASE in that bx over time C) A stimulus change that signals the availability of a reinforcer D) Providing greater reinforcement for better approximations of a target behavior, and placing other behaviors on extinction or on a less desirable reinforcement schedule

D) Providing greater reinforcement for better approximations of a target behavior, and placing other behaviors on extinction or on a less desirable reinforcement schedule

You are working with a client in-home. Your client's grandma and grandpa live with the family, and your client has a very good relationship with their grandparents. One day, the grandma gets sick and is admitted to the hospital. What should you do? A) Give your client two weeks off out of respect for the family. B) Nothing. Continue running your sessions as usual. C) Visit your client on your off-days for extra support D) Report this to your BCBA and make a note of it in your session notes

D) Report this to your BCBA and make a note of it in your session notes

You are working in a classroom providing assistance as an RBT. Your client's target behavior is participating in class. Each time your client participates, you give them a check mark. Once the client receives 6 check marks, the client exchange them for either a handful of Skittles or a two minute break. What are you implementing? A) Naturalistic teaching B) Forced choice C) negative reinforcement D) Token economy

D) Token economy

You are planning a trip with your group of friends. You start a group chat with everyone in it. Your phone vibrates every 1 to 3 minutes. What schedule matches the schedule of your phone vibrating? A) FI2 B) FR2 C) VR2 D) VI2

D) VI2

Which of the following is the best example of imitation? A) Yesterday you read morning announcements. Today, Kevin reads morning announcements. B) You tell your client "say blue" and your client says blue. C) At 8am you and your roommates leave for your class that starts at 9am D) You prepare a special meal by pulling up a YouTube video and copying the cooking instructor's actions

D) You prepare a special meal by pulling up a YouTube video and copying the cooking instructor's actions

Which of the following is an example of automatic negative reinforcement? A) You are driving in your brand new car on a perfect Spring time day. Your favorite song comes on the radio, so you turn it up louder. B) Your client is constantly receiving detention at school. During an observation you notice that every time your client disrupts the class, his friends laugh. C) You were making coffee when you accidentally dropped the pot. The pot shattered, and glass went everywhere. You ask your roommate to help you clean it up, which they do. D) You went out with your friends last night, and woke up with a massive headache. You take Tylenol and your headache goes away.

D) You went out with your friends last night, and woke up with a massive headache. You take Tylenol and your headache goes away.

Which of the following best represents least-to-most prompting? A) partial physical -> full physical -> verbal prompt B) modeling -> gestural -> verbal C) visual -> modeling -> verbal D) verbal -> gestural -> modeling

D) verbal -> gestural -> modeling