Research Note Cards ( Animal Rights)
Zoo Opposing Argument "Animal Rights Uncompromised: Zoos" Peta (Website) Supporters of zoos claim that zoos protect animals from extinction (Paraphrase)
"Animal Rights Uncompromised: Zoos." PETA. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.peta.org/about-peta/why-peta/zoos/>.
Humane Slaughter Act (counterargument) "USDA suspends slaughterhouse", CNN (Online Article) In the graphic video, one worker stands on the nostrils of a cow that the narrator says has been shot in the head but didn't die right away. In another segment, a worker appears to shoot a cow in the head several times. (Quotation)
"USDA Suspends Slaughterhouse after Video Appears to Show Animal Cruelty." 23 Aug. 2012. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <CNN Wire Staff>.
Humane Slaughter Act "USDA suspends slaughterhouse", CNN (Online Article) "At U.S. slaughterhouses, federal law requires death to be quick, when cows are shot in the head the process should cause immediate unconsciousness," the narrator says. (Quotation)
"USDA Suspends Slaughterhouse after Video Appears to Show Animal Cruelty." 23 Aug. 2012. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. CNN Wire Staff.
Zoo Cruelty Estrada, " 10 Reasons to Skip Your Next Zoo Visit", One Green Planet(Website) Estradra explains why confining animals to zoos is not morally as well as dangerous for the animals and the visitors of the zoos. (Summary)
Estrada, Orietta. "10 Reasons to Skip Your Next Zoo Visit." One Green Planet. 9 Dec. 2013. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. http://www.onegreenplanet.org/animalsandnature/10-reasons-to-skip-your-next-zoo-visit/.
Animal Cruelty (Second) Offenses Statistics " Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics",Humane Society (Website) Six have second-offense felonies (Iowa, Miss., Ohio, and Pa., have felony laws that apply only on the second offense; Tex. and Va. have second-offense felonies depending on the situation). (Quotation)
"Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics : The Humane Society of the United States." 29 Oct. 2014. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/abuse_neglect/facts/animal_cruelty_facts_statistics.html>.
Animal Cruelty(First) Offenses Statistic "Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics", Humane Society (Website) Forty-three of the 50 state felony provisions are first-offense provisions. (Quotation)
"Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics : The Humane Society of the United States." 29 Oct. 2014. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/abuse_neglect/facts/animal_cruelty_facts_statistics.html>.
Exceptions of the Cruelty Laws "Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics", Humane Society (Website) Many states specifically exclude livestock or any "common" agricultural practices from their cruelty laws, and even when good laws exist, it can sometimes be difficult to convince law enforcement to make an arrest and/or to seize livestock who are being neglected or abused. (Quotation)
"Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics : The Humane Society of the United States." <i>Humane Society of the United States. 29 Oct. 2014. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/abuse_neglect/facts/animal_cruelty_facts_statistics.html>.
Humane Slaughter Act 1978 "Humane Method of Slaughter Acts", USDA ( Website) Law that is enforced today by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)was passed as the Humane Slaughter Act of 1978. This Act requires the proper treatment and humane handling of all food animals slaughtered in USDA inspected slaughter plants. (Quotation)
"Animal Cruelty Facts and Statistics : The Humane Society of the United States." <i>RS. 29 Oct. 2014. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.humanesociety.org/issues/abuse_neglect/facts/animal_cruelty_facts_statistics.html>.
Zoo Opposing Argument (Counterargument) "Animal Rights Uncompromised: Zoos" Peta (Website) Wild-animal parks and zoos almost always favor large and charismatic animals who draw large crowds of visitors, but they neglect less popular species that also need to be protected. Most animals in zoos are not endangered, and while confining animals to zoos keeps them alive, it does nothing to protect wild populations and their habitats. (Quotation)
"Animal Rights Uncompromised: Zoos." PETA. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. <http://www.peta.org/about-peta/why-peta/zoos/>.
Testing on Animals "Animals Used for Experimentation",PETA (Website) Right now, millions of mice, rats, rabbits, primates, cats, dogs, and other animals are locked inside cold, barren cages in laboratories across the country. They languish in pain, ache with loneliness, and long to roam free and use their minds. Instead, all they can do is sit and wait in fear of the next terrifying and painful procedure that will be performed on them. ( Quotation)
"Animals Used for Experimentation." PETA. Web. 28 Mar. 2015. <http://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/>.
Circus Cruelty "Cruelty in Circus", ASPCA (Website) "In many circuses animals are trained using intimidation and physical abuse" (Paraphrase)
"Circus Cruelty." ASPCA. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. http://www.aspca.org/fight-cruelty/circus-cruelty>.
Circus Cruelty "Cruelty in Circus", ASPCA (Website) Website provides examples of why having animals in the circus is dangerous for the animal as well as the people attending the circus" ( Summary)
"Circus Cruelty." ASPCA. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. http://www.aspca.org/fight-cruelty/circus-cruelty>.
Circus Training (Opposing) ( Website) "How Elephants are trained" "Elephants are trained with verbal cues and elephants and aren't dealt any punishments" (Paraphrase)
"Elephant Training." Elephant Training. Web. 28 Mar. 2015. <http://www.elephanttag.org/Professional/professional_training.html>.
Zoo Cruelty Example Dier, "Top Zoos Linked to Animal Cruelty", Newsers (Online Article) Article emphasizes WAZA's inability to properly prevent cruelty in zoos even in the most successful zoos (Summary)
Dier, Arden. "Top Zoo Body Linked to Animal Cruelty, Dolphin Hunt." 25 Mar. 2015. Web. 25 Mar. 2015. http://www.newser.com/story/204497/top-zoo-body-linked-to-animal-cruelty-dolphin-hunt.html>.
Human Slaughter (counterargument) Failure of USDA Eisnitz, "Chapter 11",Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed (Book) "The boss would have the accountant put an extra bonus on our checks, twenty dollars for each horse." We'd kill anything from thirty to forty horses at night." "What about USDA inspections?""They weren't inspected." "And the inspector wouldn't notice the extra horses in the morning?" I asked."Everything is moving so fast," he replied. "He'd never know." "How many times did you do this?" "Quite a few. Maybe ten times."(Quotation)
Eisnitz, Gail A. ": Chapter 11, Gail A. Eisnitz went to the state pen to talk with a former horse slaughterer that was doing time." Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed, Neglect, and Inhumane Treatment inside the U.S. Meat Industry. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1997. Print.
Humane Slaughter (counterargument) Eisnitz, "Chapter 11",Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed (Book) In this chapter author Gail A. Eisnitz discusses with a former slaughterhouse worker to get a first hand information on the conditions of the slaughterhouses and the treatment of the animals. Also this chapter highlights the USDA inability to properly identify problems. (Summary)
Eisnitz, Gail A. ": Chapter 11, Gail A. Eisnitz went to the state pen to talk with a former horse slaughterer that was doing time." Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed, Neglect, and Inhumane Treatment inside the U.S. Meat Industry. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1997. Print.
Humane Slaughter (counterargument) Failure of USDA Eisnitz, "Chapter 11",Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed (Book) "How long do they usually have to bleed out?" I asked. "The sticker and the header is the same person," he said. "You move so fast you don't have time to wait till a horse bleeds out. You skin him as he bleeds. Sometimes horses' heads are still down in the blood, sucking up the same blood from some other horse. 'Cause a horse is so long, his nose is down in the blood, blowing bubbles, and he suffocates." "See," he continued, "a job like that, is a job of cruelty. You don't have no conscience. All you think about is you making your money, you doing your job." "Sure," I said, "but the USDA's supposed to be enforcing the law."(Quotation)
Eisnitz, Gail A. ": Chapter 11, Gail A. Eisnitz went to the state pen to talk with a former horse slaughterer that was doing time." Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed, Neglect, and Inhumane Treatment inside the U.S. Meat Industry. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1997. Print.
Humane Slaughter (counterargument) Mistreatment Eisnitz, "Chapter 11",Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed (Book) "Sometimes they can't get close enough with the knocking gun," he continued. "It didn't work right sometimes, sometimes the gun gets wet, gets blood up in it, and it don't shoot. The boss tells us, 'run and cut his throat.' I've seen my boss grab a knife and run and cut its throat." ( Quotation)
Eisnitz, Gail A. ": Chapter 11, Gail A. Eisnitz went to the state pen to talk with a former horse slaughterer that was doing time." Slaughterhouse: The Shocking Story of Greed, Neglect, and Inhumane Treatment inside the U.S. Meat Industry. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1997. Print.
Circus Abuse Examples ( Online Newspaper) "After Abuse In A Peruvian Circus, A Bear Awaits A New Home",NPR "While Cholita was in the circus, her trainer had her teeth smashed out and paws partially amputated to remove her claws and make her less dangerous. Because of all the trauma, she's also lost all her fur."( Quotation)
Garcia-Navarro, Lourdes. "After Abuse In A Peruvian Circus, A Bear Awaits A New Home." 27 Mar. 2015. Web. 27 Mar. 2015. ;http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2015/03/27/395810942/after-abuse-in-a-peruvian-circus-a-bear-awaits-a-new-home?utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign=storiesfromnpr>.
Animals don't deserve to live? (Opposing Argument) Regan, "The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism" (Book) It might be argued that all and only human beings have an equal right to life because either (a) all and only human beings have the capacity to reason, or (b) all and only human beings have the capacity to make free choices, or (c) all and only human beings have a concept of "self," or (d) all and only human beings have all or some combination of the previously mentioned capacities. And it is easy to imagine how someone might argue that, since animals do not have any of these capacities, they do not possess a right to life. (Quotation)
Regan, Tom. 'The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism' 1975. Print.
Counter Argument The number of wild animals vastly exceeds that of animals on factory farms, in laboratories, or kept as pets. Therefore, animal advocates should consider focusing their efforts to raise concern about the suffering that occurs in the natural environment.
http://foundational-research.org/publications/importance-of-wild-animal-suffering/