Research Quiz 1 -- Chapters 1, 13, 14

The nursing mentor is providing a lecture on the types of nursing research. As a new nurse researcher you understand that quantitative research differs from qualitative research in the following ways: (Select all that apply.)

The results of quantitative research may be generalized to the population from which the sample was drawn, but qualitative research is not, strictly speaking, generalizable. Quantitative research provides answers to "what" and "who" questions, and qualitative research focuses more on "how" and "why" questions.

Match the various terms with the appropriate example: Comparison of prenatal services in urban and suburban areas.

Variance in health care by geography

The nurse researcher is critically appraising a prospective cohort study where one group was exposed to an intervention and the control group was not exposed. What question would the research seek to answer to determine if the outcomes were the same or different for each group?

Were the circumstances and methods for detecting the outcome similar?

The nurse researcher is preparing to search for practice protocols. Which of the following steps will assist in the process of nursing research? (Select all that apply.)

a) Conducting a systematic investigation b) Organizing existing data c) Planning strategies to search literature

The nurse made a decision to use the protocol for giving injections that was recently implemented. What type of research utilization decision is most representative of this nurse's action?

adoption

A researcher wants to study the incidence of falls in extended care facilities. An example of an independent nursing role function sensitive outcome measure would be:

assessment of individuals at risk for falling.

Braden developed a scale to assess a patient's risk for developing a pressure ulcer. Patients admitted to a hospital are assessed for their risk of pressure ulcer development and are provided interventions to prevent ulcers. This is an example of knowledge that can be used to ___________ outcomes in practice.

control

Recently, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research has promoted the use of research findings in practice by

developing practice guidelines based on research.

A nurse practicing in a skilled nursing center heard about a new way to prevent falls in elderly patients from the nurse practitioner providing care to patients in this center. The nurse worked with the nurse practitioner to implement a protocol to prevent patient falls. This nurse's actions are typical of:

early adopters

The nurse researcher is conducting an outcomes study to examine the effects of duplicated services between three local hospitals. The type of research strategy most likely used in this study is:

economic studies.

A process that incorporates healthcare research evidence from a variety of disciplines, clinical expertise of healthcare providers, views of patients and families, and resources available to deliver health care is called:

evidence-based practice

The nursing mentor is providing a brief lecture on the history of nursing. As a new nurse researcher, you understand that the focus of nursing research from the late 1990s through the present has been mainly:

evidence-based practice (EBP)

The inductive research technique used to formulate, test, and refine a theory about a particular phenomenon is called:

grounded theory

An experienced nurse was caring for a patient following surgery and had a gut-level feeling that the patient was going to have severe complications. This way of acquiring knowledge is best described as:

intuition

Nurses on a medical-surgical unit heard about a research-based protocol for preventing falls in elderly patients. The nurses were very reluctant to change and chose to continue with their old way of caring for patients and did not implement the fall protocol. These nurses' behaviors are representative of a group that Rogers identifies as:

laggards

Match the various terms with the appropriate example: Comparison of ease of use for prepackaged kits versus per-item urinary catheterization.

Efficiency of resource use

The nurse researcher is explaining the key differences between research and evidence-based practice to a new nurse researcher. Which statement best describes the relationship between research and practice?

"Research involves searching and testing available knowledge and EPB involves finding the best evidence to implement into practice."

Which of the following practice guidelines provides an algorithm providing direction for the selection of the most appropriate treatment method(s) for each patient diagnosed with hypertension?

JNC 8

The nurse researcher is considering conducting an outcomes research study. Which of the following best describes the major focus of outcomes research?

An outcomes study focuses on the end results of patient care.

Match the various terms with the appropriate example: Criteria used to determine whether suctioning is needed in COPD patients.

Analysis of decision-making process

A publication in nursing that includes just cognitive clustering summaries of important areas of nursing research was initiated in 1983, with a volume being published each year since then. This publication is:

Annual Review of Nursing Research

Which of the following is the Comparative evaluation/decision making phase of the Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice?

Assesses the overall benefits and risks of using the research evidence in a practice setting

The nurse researcher is examining nursing-sensitive outcomes. Which of the following variables is a common component of nursing-sensitive outcomes? Select all that apply.

Assignment and staff mix, Health status of patients, Patient outcomes

The use of research findings in practice needs to be implemented by which of the following nurses? Nurses with a:

Bachelor's degree in nursing (BSN) Master's degree in nursing (MSN) Doctoral degree (DNS, DSc, and PhD) > All of the above!

A nurse is using theories from psychology to expand her understanding of the grief process. This is an example of which way of acquiring knowledge for nursing practice?

Borrowing

The nurse researcher is implementing a standard of care and is examining the implementation by employing an outcomes study. Which of the following define standards of care?

Care maps

The nurse researcher is critically appraising a research study. Which of the following statements best describes a critique of research?

Careful examination of a study to evaluate its strengths, limitations, meaning, and significance

The nurse researcher is conducting an outcomes study on a process. Which of the following is an example of process when conducting outcomes research?

Clinical care maps

What research utilization project in nursing was implemented in 1975 through 1980 to facilitate the development of clinical protocols to direct the use of selected research findings in practice?

Conduct and Utilization of Research in Nursing

The nurse researcher is conducting a synthesis of research for developing a guideline to implement and evaluate in the practice setting. What purpose would this research fulfill?

Control

A nursing student in a BSN program is required to take a research course before graduation. Which of the following learning outcomes will the nursing student acquire?

Critique research articles for clinical usefulness

Examine the following statement: The nurse researcher speculates that nausea and vomiting are common side effects of chemotherapy; therefore, patients who have leukemia and are being treated with chemotherapy will most likely have nausea and vomiting. What type of reasoning is the nurse researcher using?

Deductive

The nurse researcher is exploring the relationship between health promotion and illness prevention strategies used by a variety of populations. What purpose would this research fulfill?

Description

Which of the following is the preparation phase of the Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice?

Determines the purpose, focus, and potential outcomes of making an evidence-based change clinically

Research findings can be implemented straight into practice as they were developed from studies. What type of implementation is this?

Direct application

Match the various terms with the appropriate example: Reduction of complications with head trauma teams.

Effectiveness of multidisciplinary teams

The nurse researcher is examining research that was developed by the discipline of anthropology for investigating cultures through an in-depth study of the members of the culture. This is known as which type of research?

Ethnographic research

Which of the following is the evaluation phase of the Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice?

Evaluates the impact of the research-based change on the health care agency, personnel, and patients

A visual analogue scale could be used to assess a patient's pain following an injection given according to a research-based protocol. This is an example of what phase of the Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice?

Evaluation

Match the various terms with the appropriate example: End-of-life decision making in families

Examines value decisions made by participants

Which of the following is the translation/application making phase of the Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice?

Focuses on determining what knowledge will be used and how that knowledge will be applied to practice

Which of the following models focuses on critically appraising national evidence-based guidelines?

Grove Model

A nurse conducted a study to determine the patient and financial outcomes for using a particular type of treatment protocol for managing pressure ulcers. Based on this description, how would the nurse appraise this type of study?

Outcomes study

The nurse researcher is soliciting volunteers for an outcomes study researching comfort measures related to nursing care and pain management. When creating samples for outcomes research, which of the following is a generally accepted guideline to follow?

Heterogeneous samples are preferred

The nurse researcher is using Donabedian's theory as a guide to evaluating the results of an outcomes study on an existing standard of care. The nurse researcher would be evaluating which of the following?

Identifying the outcomes related to the standard of care

A nurse researcher wishes to study the triage assessment skills of new graduates employed in the emergency room. This is an example of which type of nursing-sensitive outcome measure?

Independent role function

Examine the following statement: The nurse researcher speculates that patients who receive chemotherapy for lung cancer treatment experience vomiting as a side effect; therefore, those patients who have leukemia and receive chemotherapy will also experience nausea and vomiting. What type of reasoning is the nurse researcher using?

Inductive

A study examined the effectiveness of communication between inpatient discharge planners and the nursing staff of extended care facilities. This is an example of which type of nursing-sensitive outcome measure?

Interdependent role function

The nurse researcher is conducting an outcomes study that spans over 3 years and would like to analyze data before the end of the study. In measuring outcomes, what would be an alternative method to obtaining information that the researcher can use before the end of the study?

Intermediate end points

Which of the following provides direction for the development of EBP in a clinical agency and was initially developed by Titler and colleagues in 1994 and revised in 2001?

Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice

The nurse researcher determines that published research is qualitative if it demonstrates which characteristic?

It presents results as a narrative

Which of the following is could be used as a systematic means of initiating a relevant clinical research question?

PICO Format

Which of the following has been identified as a barrier to using research knowledge in nursing practice?

Nursing studies have not been adequately replicated.

Which of the following are included in Donabedian's theory of evaluation in appraising quality? (Select all that apply.)

Outcome, process, and structure

The nurse manager is charged with reviewing a patient satisfaction survey to determine the effectiveness of nursing care. This is an example of which type of research?

Outcomes research

A group of nurses received an educational program that described a research-based protocol for managing a pressure ulcer. The group thought the protocol to be very complex and indicated that they would use it later in their practice, but then forgot about the protocol. The nurses made what type of decision related to the protocol?

Passive rejection

Which of the following is the validation phase of the Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice?

Performs a critical appraisal of the research reports to determine their scientific soundness

The nurse educator would like to design an orientation program for the medical/surgical unit. The researcher finds a phenomenological study conducted by Benner (1984), which describes how clinical knowledge and expertise is gained through experience. What type of knowledge is being highlighted in this study?

Personal experience

A nurse researcher conducted a study to describe the experience of living with chronic pain. What type of study best generates this type of knowledge?

Phenomenological study

A home care nurse is interested in conducting an outcomes study on the geriatric population in the community. Which type of outcomes study would the nurse conduct?

Population-based study

A study is entitled, "The Use of Massage as an Intervention for Decreasing Low Back Pain." Based on this title, how would the nurse appraise this type of research?

Quasi-experimental research

The nurse is researching the incidence of pressure ulcers with a new skin care ointment to determine the cause-and-effect interactions among variables. This is known as which type of research?

Quasi-experimental research

A nurse summarized research findings in the area of injections and developed a protocol for using these findings, with some changes based on his or her particular practice site. What type of research findings implementation is demonstrated in this example?

Reinvention

The nurse identified a research-based protocol in the literature for preventing pressure ulcers in the elderly and encouraged the hospital to use the protocol. The nursing standards committee reviewed the protocol and revised it to fit the practice within the hospital. This is an example of what type of implementation?

Reinvention

The nurse researcher is interested in following a cohort of women who had received a mastectomy for breast cancer, or of patients in whom a urinary bladder catheter was placed, during and after surgery. These are examples of which type of research strategy used for outcome studies?

Retrospective cohort studies

A new registered nurse has formed a close relationship with an experienced nurse so that he or she might learn facets of nursing practice by imitating the behavior of the expert nurse. This is an example of which way of acquiring knowledge for nursing practice?

Role modeling

A nursing researcher in the preoperative setting would like to study the quality of care generated in the outpatient perioperative setting. Which of the following would be considered a nursing-sensitive outcome from this study?

Staff mix of advanced practice nurses, RNs, nursing assistants

Which of the following models includes a comprehensive framework to enhance the use of research evidence by nurses to facilitate an EBP through five phases?

The Stetler Model of Research Utilization to facilitate evidence-based practice

The nurse would like to research patients' perceptions of pain. The nurse focuses on qualitative studies. What characteristic will likely be included in the qualitative research studies?

The basis of theory development is a characteristic

The nurse researcher is conducting an outcomes study and decides to use records that are currently used in the practice setting. What source is the nurse researcher using for this study?

The hospital database

According to Donabedian, which of the following are identified as components of the process of outcomes research? (Select all that apply.)

out-of-pocket costs, common practices of health care, clinical guidelines of care

The major purpose of the National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR) is to:

provide financial support for nursing research

Nurses were provided information on a research-based protocol for changing dressings on intravenous (IV) sites that would decrease time and infection rate. This knowledge was used to persuade the nurses to change and is an example of:

relative advantage of the protocol for practice.

A researcher wishes to examine the effectiveness of an outpatient surgicenter with an inpatient 24-hour short-stay surgery. This is an example of evaluating:

structure