Restorative art chapter 6

Cords of the neck, Labial sulci (furrows of age), inferior palpebral sulcus, bucco-facial sulcus interciliary sulci, nasolabial sulcus platysmal sulci, optic facial sulci (crows feet), transverse frontal sulci, superior palpebral sulcus

CLIMB IN POTS (aquired facial markings)

Submental Sulcus, labiomental sulcus, angulus oris sulcus, philtrum Dimples, oblique palpebral sulcus, nasolabial fold, nasal sulcus, angulus oris eminence

SLAP DONNA (9 natural facial markings)

furrow (wrinkle)

a crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevations

sulcus

a furrow, wrinkle or groove

eminence

a prominence or projection

glands

a specialized cell, group of cells, or organ of endothelial origin that selectively removes materials from the blood, concentrates or alters them, and secretes them for further use in the body or for elimination from the body.

cleft

an elongated chin dimple

groove

an elongated depression in a relatively level plane or surface

fold

an elongated prominence adjoining a surface

environment

central to influencing facial markings are dry climates that experience high levels of sunshine.

superior palpebral sulcus

furrow of the superior border of the upper eyelid. defines the upper border when present as it is typically only obvious when there is an absence of fatty tissue in the supra-orbital area and when the superficial tissues are relatively firm.

transverse frontal sulci

furrows which cross the forehead, also known as the horizontal furrows of the forehead. vary in width, depth, curvature and inclination. the markings closer to the eyebrows appear deeper than the more superior ones.

angulus oris sulcus

in youth this facial marking tends to exhibit a triangular depression formation

condition of the body

it is important to remain mindful that when people experience rapid weight loss, rapidly gain weight, take on water or other conditions will ipact the number and significance of facial markings.

fascia

layer of areolar tissue covering the whole muscle trunk

adipose

loose connective tissue full of fat cells

position of the body

note that during life the body is in an erect poisition the effect of gravity on sagging muscle and skin tissues draws them in an inferior direction.

transverse interciliary sulci

one or more horizontal or slightly oblique furrows located between the root of the nose and the dip at the bridge. these markings are created by the continual contraction of the procerus muscle.

dimples

shallow depressions located on the cheek or chin in a rounded or vertical form.

subcutaneous

situated or occuring beneath the skin

integument

something that covers or encloses, especially an enveloping layer such as skin, membrane or cuticle of an organism or one of its parts

Muscle striation and action

the alignment of muscle fibers and the more we work our muscles impact facial markings. individuals with well-developed muscle mass may exhibit fewer markings initially but when the muscle mass reduces over time, this may lead to sagging tissues which would increase the number and intensity of the facial markings.

serrated

the angular notches that separate the multiple folds of sagging skin.

nasolabial fold

the anterior fold of the cheek which descends laterally along the upper lip from the wing of the nose. an alevation of the anterior cheek and typically exhibits a curved, straight, or sinuous outline. considered to be a normal facial marking.

derma (dermis, skin)

the corium or true skin

angulus oris sulcus

the groove found at each end of the line of closure of the mouth, immediatley below each end of the line of closure of the mouth. the corner of the angular depression corresponds with the corner of the mouth, and the lateral margins are directed downward and outward along the adjoining elevation of the angulus oris eminence.

age

the influence of time. typically as people ________ the number of facial markings increase. it is also common for the appearance of these markings to intensify over time.

angulus oris sulcus

the medial margin is relatively undefined as it merges depending on the degree of prominence of the angulus oris eminence.

epidermis

the outermost layer of skin; the cuticle or scarf skin

angulus oris eminence

the small convex prominence found lateral to the end of the line of closure of the mouth. this elevation is located to the outer side and slightly above the corner of the mouth.

heredity

the transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring. Including facial markings.

labial sulci (furrows of age)

the vertical furrows of each lip extending from within the muscous membranes into the integumentary lips. these commonly first occur in the upper lip. these sulci form as the lip begins to atrophy and they extend from within the red lip into the integumentary lip.

cords of the neck

these are the vertical prominences of the neck, on thin emaciated individuals, the cords of the neck may run to the sternum

optic facial sulci (crows feet)

these furrows radiate from the lateral corner of the eye. they develop from the contractions of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

vertical interciliary sulci

these markings are the result of the continual contration of the corrugator muscle.

optic facial sulci (crows feet)

these muscles are generally the first facial markings to appear.

platysmal sulci

these sulci are the transverse, dipping furrows of the neck. they run across both the front and sides of the neck

interciliary sulci

these sulci are the vertical or transverse furrows between the eyebrows. described as one or more vertical or slightly oblique furrows that extend from the root of the nose, superiorly, between the eyebrows to terminate indefinitely into the glabella.

submental sulcus

this describes the junction of the base of the chin and the submandibular area, which may appear as a furrow.

nasolabial sulcus

this furrow is medial and adjacent to the nasolabial fold. originates with the nasolabial fold at the superior margin of the wing of the nose and may extend downward along the margin of the nasolabial fold.

submental sulcus

this furrow may help contribute to the formation of a double chin and is most perceptible in the profile view.

oblique palpebral sulcus

this is a shallow, curved groove below the medial corner of the eyelids. it forms the common border for the medial portion of the infra orbital area and the side of the nose.

nasal sulcus

this is the angular area between the posterior margin of the wings of the nose and the nasolabial fold and sometimes described as an angular depression in the uppermost part of the upper lip. the corner of the angle is formed by the junction of the wing of the nose and the nasolabial fold.

mandibular sulcus

this is the furrow beneath the jawline which rises vertically on the cheek. if multiple formations of the sulci are present it is referred to as a serrated jaw line.

inferior palpebral sulcus

this is the furrow of the lower attached border of the inferior palpebra. this sulcus is not always present, especially when tissues are firm. when visible it appears as thin, shallow arched sulci along the attached margin of the inferior eyelid.

labiomental sulcus

this is the junction of the lower integumentary lip and the superior border of the chin, which may appear as a furrow. the linear form of this sulcus creates an arch with the uppermost part at the median line.

philtrum

this is the vertical groove located medially on the superior lip. extends between the columna nasi and the margin of the red lip.

oblique palpebral sulcus

this marking typically originates immediately below the medial canthus and extends along the bony margin of the orbit fading in depth normally terminating near the middle of the eye

bucco-facial sulcus

vertical furrow of the cheek. originates in the soft middle area of the lateral cheek and is caused by the contractions of the buccinator muscle.

angulus oris eminence

what muscle is formed by the combined insertions of the zygomatic, buccinator and depressor anguli oris muscles.