Restorative Art: Final Review

Orbital Pouch

A fold of skin located below the lower eyelid

Superior Palpebral Sulcus

A furrow located along the superior border of the upper eyelid

Frontal Eminences

A rounded prominence on either side of the median line and a little inferior to the center of the frontal bone

Glabella of the Frontal Bone

A single bony prominence of the frontal bone located between the superciliary arches in the inferior part of the frontal bone at the root of the nose

Superior

Above

Foramen Magnum

An opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes from the bran

Sphenoid Bone

An unpaired bone of the neurocranium

External Auditory Meatus, Zygomatic Arch, Mandibular Fossa, Mastoid Process

Anatomical structures used to locate the ear

Lateral

Away from the median line

Posterior

Back

Inferior

Below

Zygomatic Bones

Bones of the cheek. Often described as being diamond shaped and forms the cheek bones, the surface of these bones is on the frontal and lateral planes of the face

Optic Facial Sulci

Crow's feet; sulci found lateral to the outer corner of the eye

External Auditory Meatus

Deep hole located on the inferior portion of the medial 1/3 of the ear on the anterior border

Nasal Bones

Directly inferior to the glabella and forming a dome over the superior portion of the nasal cavity

Does exhibit

Does the face exhibit differences in paired features?

Occipital Condyles

Each of two rounded knobs on the occipital bone that form a joint with the first cervical vertebra

Auditory Meatus

Ear passage

Palpebra

Eyelid

Anatomical Position

Facing forward, feet forward, palms facing front

Occipital protuberance, foramen magnum, occipital condyle

Features of the occipital bone

Anterior

Front

Arterial embalming, hypodermic injection, surface compresses, cauterizing agents, electric spatula, sealer

How do we firm and dry tissue?

Cooling, drying powder, corn starch

How do you firm wax?

stipple brush, lint-less gauze, paper towel, terry cloth

How do you make pores?

Friction and body heat, massage cream, cream cosmetics, direct applied heat

How do you soften wax?

Temporal Bones

Inferior portion of the sides and base of the cranium inferior to the parietal bones and anterior to the occipital bone

Medial Canthus

Inner canthus; the medial corner of the eye

Lobe

Located along the inferior part of the dorsum, appears spherical in shape and adjoins both the columna nasi and the wings of the nose

Sides

Located between the bridge and each wing of the nose, the sides comprise the lateral walls

Wings of the Nose

Located between the nasal sulcus and the lobe of the nose, each one lies along the inferior margin of the side of the nose

Glabella

Located superior to the root of the nose, the glabella is an eminence of the forehead found between the eyebrows

Medial

Nearer the median plane of the body

Frontal or Coronal Plane

Plane dividing body into front and back

Sagittal Plane

Plane dividing body into left and right sides

Horizontal or Transverse Plane

Plane diving body into torso and legs

Major Restoration

Requires a long period of time, is extensive, or requires technical skill

Minor Restoration

Requires a minimum of effort, skill, or time to complete

Bridge

Supported by the nasal bones, the bridge forms the arched portion of the nose

Nasal Sulcus

The angular depression located between the anterior cheek and the wing of the nose

Dorsum

The anterior ridge of the nose

Frontal Bone

The anterior third of the cranium, forming the forehead and the anterior portion of the roof of the skull

Supra-Orbital Area

The area located above the upper eyelid and below the eyebrow

Restorative Art

The care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color

Root

The concave recession located along the superior portion of the dorsum, immediately below the forehead

Temporal Cavity

The concave surface of the head overlying the temporal bone

Philtrum

The depression along the median line found on the upper integumentary lip

Triangular Fossa

The depression located between the crura of the antihelix

Naso-Orbital Fossa

The depression located medial and superior to the inner canthus

Concha

The depression located superior, posterior, and inferior to the ear passage

Nasolabial Fold

The elevation of tissue that begins at the nasal sulcus and proceeds inferiorly and laterally to the corner of the mouth

Antitragus

The eminence located superior to the lobe of the ear and posterior to the intertragic notch

Nostrils

The external opening of the nose located between the columna nasi and each wing

Labiomental Sulcus

The furrow along the superior border of the chin

Nasolabial Sulcus

The furrow medially adjacent to the nasolabial fold

Superciliary Arches

The inferior part of the forehead just superior to the median ends of the eyebrows

Antihelix

The inner rim of the ear located adjacent to the scapha

Coronal Suture

The junction between the frontal and parietal bones

Lambdoidal Suture

The junction between the parietal and occipital bones

Squamosal Suture

The junction between the parietal and temporal bones

Line of Closure

The line formed between the two closed eyelids

Scapha

The long, slender depression located between the helix and the antihelix

Occipital Bone

The lowest part of the back and base of the cranium, forming a cradle for the brain

Norm

The most common characteristics of each feature; typical, common, average

Intertragic notch

The notch located between the tragus and the antitragus

Oblique Palpebral Sulcus

The oblique furrow descending from the medial canthus and extending to a point below the middle of the eye

Helix

The outer rim of the ear

Zygomatic Arch

The processes on the temporal and zygomatic bones; determines the widest part of the face

occipital protuberance

The prominence at the center of the external surface of the occipital bone

Tragus

The prominence located anterior to the auditory meatus

Mucous Membranes

The red surface of the lips

Parietal Eminence

The rounded peak of the external convexity of the parietal bones

Ear Lobe

The rounded portion of skin located inferior to the concha

Mastoid Process

The rounded projection on the inferior portion of the temporal bones just posterior to the lobe of the ear

Columna Nasi

The skin partition located between the nostrils

Lower Integumentary Lip

The skin region that surrounds the orifice of the mouth inferiorly. It includes the area from the lower mucous membrane to the labiomental sulcus

Upper Integumentary Lip

The skin that surrounds the orifice of the mouth region superiorly. It includes the area from the base of the nose to the upper mucous membrane

Angulus Oris Eminence

The small eminence lateral and slightly superior to the corner of the mouth

Mandibular Fossa

The small oval depression on the zygomatic process of the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible articulates, just anterior to the external auditory meatus

Physiognomy

The study of the structure and surface markings of the face and features

Angulus Oris Sulcus

The sulcus or furrow at the corner of the mouth. It extends from the corner both laterally and inferiorly

Supraorbital Margins

The superior rim of the eye sockets

Intestinal Fortitude

The unbiased attitude an embalmer needs to embrace

Squama

The vertical surface of the temporal bone. Comprises the anterior and superior part of the bone. Scale-like and thin

Ethmoid Bone

This bone is an anterior cranial bone located between the eyes

Parietal Bones

Two bones that form the posterior 2/3 of the vault of the cranium and part of the sides of the skull

Interciliary Sulci

Vertical or horizontal sulci located between the eyebrows

Occipital, parietal, temporal, frontal

What are the surface bones of the cranium?

Vertical (forehead) and Horizontal (Crown)

What are the two portions of the frontal bone?

The Zygomatic Arches

What determines the widest part of the face

Pigment powder, cream cosmetics, lip color, etc

What do you use to color wax

Used to smooth mucous membranes and correct lines of closure gaps

What is lip wax used for?

Intended for small feature restorations as well as shallow surface repairs

What is restorative or derma-surgery wax used for?

Used to fill shallow depression

What is surface restorer (soft wax) used for

It is an oval

What is the geometric form of the skull?

Firm or Wound Filler

What is the hardest restorative wax?

Lip Wax

What is the softest restorative wax?

The parietal Eminence

What is the widest part of the cranium?

On the temporal bones

Where are the zygomatic processes located?

Because of variations in width and lenght

Why does form differ from person to person?