Retake BIO
The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?
accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain.
The active site of an enzyme is the region that
binds substrates for the enzyme
which of the following statements correctly describes a reaction associated with photosystem II?
electrons released fro, the p680 chlorophyll are replaced by electrons derived from water
Chemiosmosis in chloroplasts involves which of the following processes?
establishment of the photon gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they
fix CO2 into organic acids during the night when temperatures are cooler.
In the mitochondria, the electron transport chain pumps protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space. In what direction are protons pumped by the electron transport chain in chloroplasts?
from stroma to thylakoid space
Which of the following sequences represents the correct order in which metabolic reactions occur?
glucose-glycolysis-pyruvate oxidation-citric acid cycle-electron transport chain
Which of the following metabolic pathways is common to both aerobic cellular respiration and anaerobic fermentation?
glycolysis
Which of the following metabolic processes in eukariotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen is present or absent?
glycolysis
Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located in a eukaryotic cell?
inner mitochondrial membrane
Why might a severe fever result in death if it in not brought under control?
it may alter the tertiary and quaternary structures of cellular enzymes.
Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ into which location in eukaryotic cells?
mitochondrial inter-membrane space
Carbon dioxide is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration?
oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle.
When a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom as the result of an oxidation-reduction reaction, the molecule becomes
oxidized
The NADPH required for the Calvin cycle is produced by which of the following metabolic reactions?
reactions initiated in photosystem I
What is the source of the energy used to generate the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
redox reactions in the electron transport chain
When a molecule of NAD+ gains a hydrogen atom, the NAD+ molecule becomes
reduced
An early step in the process of carbon fixation combines three molecules of CO2 with three molecules of RuBP to produce three 6-carbon molecules, which are immediately converted to six 3-carbon molecules. These six molecules are phosphorylated and reduced to produce glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. What additional events occur to complete the Calvin cycle.
release one G3P to make sugars and regeneration of RuBP.
Which of the following reactions produces the oxygen released by photosynthesis?
splitting of water molecules
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
stroma of the chloroplast
where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin Cycle take place?
stroma of the chloroplast
Which chemical process generates the ATP produced in gycolysis?
substrate level phosphorylation
Which chemical process generates the ATP produced in the Citric Acid Cycle?
substrate level phosphorylation
in C3 photosynthesis, the reactions that require ATP take place in
the Calvin cycle alone
Where does glycolysis occur in animal cells?
the cytosol (outside the mitochondria)
Which of the following describes the result of transferring an electron from a less electronegative atom to a more electronegative atom?
the more electronegative atom is reduced.
How would you predict that doubling the atmospheric CO2 concentration would affect C3 plants?
they will experience increased rates of photosynthesis and growth.
Which of the following statements describes a primary function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation?
to oxydize NADH to NAD+
What is the primary function of cyclic electron flow?
to produce more ATP
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
to produce simple sugars from carbon dioxide
What is the primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
to serve as an acceptor
For each molecule of glucose that is catabolized in glysolysis and the citric acid cycle, how many NADH molecules are produced?
10 NADH
How many carbon atoms from one molecule of pyruvate enter the citric acid cycle?
2
Glycolysis results in an net production of which of the following molecules from each molecule of glucose?
2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, 2ATP
In the complete oxidation of a molecule of glucose in aerobic cellular respiration, how many molecules of ATP are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation?
4 (gross production)
Which of the following molecules are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH
Yeast cells grown anaerobically can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the production of
ATP, CO2, and ethanol
Which of the following statements is an accurate comparison of C3 and C4 plants
C4 plants can continue to fix CO2 even at relatively low CO2 concentrations and high oxygen concentrations, whereas C3 plants cannot.
Whcih of the following metabolic processes consume(s) CO2?
Calvin cycle only
In liver cells, the inner mitochondrial membranes are about five times the area of the outer mitochondrial membranes.What purpose must this serve?
It increases surface area for oxidative phosphorylation.
Which of the following statements about NAD+ is true?
NAD+ is reduced to NADH during gycolysis.
In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?
NADH and pyruvate
Photorespiration occurs when rubisco combines RuBP with which of the following molecules?
O2
In the complete reactions of aerobic respiration, the energy for most of the ATP produced is provided by
a proton gradient across a membrane