Review for final

What root refers to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs?

peritone/o

A process in which a certain type of white blood cells destroys (or "eats") foreign microorganisms or cell debris is called:

phagocytosis.

Which term means "the throat, the pathway used by both food and air"?

pharyng/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term leukocytosis?

leuko (white) + cyt (cell) + osis (condition) = "white cell condition": abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term expectorant?

ex (out) + pector (chest) + ant (agent) = a drug that encourages the expulsion of material from the lungs

Which root comes from a Latin word that means "offspring" and in current medical usage refers to an unborn child after the eighth week of pregnancy?

fet/o

What is the correct pronunciation of the medical term phlebology?

fleb-AW-loh-jee

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term hypocapnia?

hypo (under) + capn (carbon dioxide) + ia (condition) = insufficient carbon dioxide

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term hypopnea?

hypo (under) + pnea (breathing) = shallow breathing

Which root comes from the Greek for "month" and refers to the standard 28-day recurrence of menstrual cycles?

hyster/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hysteropexy?

hystero (uterus) + pexy (fixation) = surgical fixation of the uterus

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hysterorrhexis?

hystero (uterus) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of the uterus

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term hysterosalpingectomy into its component parts?

hystero/salping/ectomy

What root refers to the third of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "groin"?

ile/o

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation IVP?

intra (inside) + ven (vein) + ous (pertaining to) + pyelo (renal pelvis) + gram (record) = image of the urinary system through the injection of a contrast dye into the veins

Blockage of blood flow to an organ is called:

ischemia.

What root refers to the second of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "empty"?

jejun/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term laparonephrectomy?

laparo (abdomen) + nephr (kidney) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term laparosplenectomy?

laparo (abdomen) + splen (spleen) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen

Identify and define the root in the term laparoscopy.

laparo abdomen

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term laryngectomy?

laryng (larynx) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the larynx

Which term means "the voice box"?

laryng/o

Identify and define the roots in the medical term lymphoblastic leukemia.

leuk white lympho lymph blast immature cell

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pericardiocentesis?

peri (around) + cardio (heart) + centesis (puncture) = puncture of the tissue around the heart

The outer layer of the uterus (the tissue outside the uterus) is called the:

perimetrium.

Which root is used for the region between the female genital organs and the anus?

perine/o

Translate the term splenolysis as literally as possible.

"Spleen breakdown"; breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue

Translate the term hepatosplenomegaly as literally as possible.

Liver spleen enlargement

Translate the term pneumonectomy as literally as possible.

Lung removal

Build a medical term that means "the surgical removal of a lymph gland (node)."

Lymphadenectomy

Build a medical term that means "inflammation of a lymph gland (node)."

Lymphadenitis

Build a medical term that means "lymph vessel record."

Lymphangiogram

Build a medical term that means "lymph deficiency."

Lymphopenia

Which of the following roots pertains to the process of respiration?

ox/o

Identify the correct translation for the root nas/o.

Nose

Translate the root oophor/o.

Ovary

Translate the term hypersplenism as literally as possible.

Over spleen condition

Build a medical term that means "procedure to measure oxygen levels."

Oximetry

A blockage in the pulmonary blood supply is called a(n):

PE.

Which of the following abbreviations is a group of tests used to evaluate the condition and operation of the lungs?

PFT

Subjective: Mr. Hector Joules presents to the office today for swelling in his right testicle. The swelling has been present for the past month. He reports orchialgia, described as a dull ache in the testicle. He also has had a feeling of heaviness in his abdomen. He has not had any recent injury to the area. He denies risky sexual behavior, urethrorrhea, dysuria, nocturia, or polyuria. Which symptom is exhibited by Mr. Joules?

Pain in the testicle

History of Present Illness Ms. Sara Miller, a 25-year-old woman, has had a 3-day history of worsening lower abdominal pain. The pain is a constant dull ache. The pain began a few days after her last menstrual cycle ended. The pain worsens with movement. Ms. Miller also reports dyspareunia and purulent vaginal discharge. She has tried over-the-counter ibuprofen, which yielded mild relief of the pain. The pain has worsened and now she also has nausea. She denies vomiting, diarrhea, or dysuria. According to the health record information, which of the following is a symptom exhibited by the patient?

Painful sexual intercourse

Admission labs: Elevated LFTs, hyperbilirubinemia, leukocytosis, elevated amylase and lipase. Discharge labs: Everything had returned to normal levels. Imaging: Ultrasound of the upper abdomen revealed cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis with bile duct dilation. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

The patient had an inguinal ultrasound.

Which is the correct breakdown of the term palatoplasty into its component parts?

palato/plasty

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pancytopenia?

pan (all) + cyto (cell) + penia (deficiency) = deficiency in all cellular components of the blood

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term pancreatoduodenectomy into its component parts?

pancreato/duoden/ectomy

Which root means "give birth" and focuses on the mother?

part/o

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term pectoralgia into its component parts?

pector/algia

A person with a chest that is hollowed out has:

pectus excavatum. Correct

Which root comes from the Latin word meaning "basin" or "washtub" and refers to the shape of the bones that make up this structure?

pelv/i

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pericarditis?

peri (around) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tissue around the heart

Translate the medical term phlebotomy as literally as possible.

"Vein incision procedure" the technical term for drawing blood

Translate the term phrenoplegia as literally as possible.

Diaphragm paralysis

HPI: Mr. Johnson is a 57-year-old male with a 2-month history of difficulty voiding. He reports urgency and frequency. He has had increasing problems with a weak urinary stream. The symptoms have progressed to include mild abdominal discomfort and erectile dysfunction. He denies any incontinence, hematuria, balanorrhea, orchiodynia, or trauma. He has not tried any medicines at this point. Which of the following is a symptom reported by the patient?

Difficulty urinating

Which is the correct definition for the term phlebarteriectasia?

Dilation of blood vessels

Which medical term means "creating thirst"?

Dipsogenic

Which medical term means "bad intestine condition" and is another name for diarrhea?

Dysentery

What is the term used to describe hoarseness and literally means "bad voice condition"?

Dysphonia

PLAN I will begin a trial of antacid therapy along with recommended dietary adjustments. If he does not respond to treatment in 1 month, I will schedule him for an EGD. What are the correct definition and translation for the procedure for which the patient will be scheduled, should he not respond to initial treatment within a month?

EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy: esophago (esophagus) + gastro (stomach) + duodeno (duodenum) + scopy (looking procedure) = procedure for looking inside the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

Which abbreviation is used for the test where a small ultrasound transducer is installed on the tip of an instrument used to look inside the digestive tract?

EUS

Which term comes from the Greek "to pour out," and refers to a large bruise?

Ecchymosis

Which medical term means "inflammation of the inside of the cervix"?

Endocervicitis

Which medical term means "pain in the intestines"?

Enterodynia

Which medical term means "involuntary urination"?

Enuresis

Which medical term means "suture of the external genital organs of a female"?

Episiorrhaphy

What are the three main types of cells in the blood?

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

What medical term means "inflammation of the tube that connects the mouth and stomach"?

Esophagitis

Translate the term hemorrhage.

Excessive blood loss

MHx: Hypercholesterolemia—currently controlled with diet. Positive history of gonococcal urethritis 3 years previously. No history of urolithiasis. Which of the following definitions is part of the patient's past medical history?

Excessive cholesterol in the blood and an infection of the urethra causing inflammation by a gonococcal organism

Translate the root salping/o.

Fallopian tube

Translate the root ather/o.

Fatty plaque

What is the correct translation and definition of the abbreviation FOBT?

Fecal occult blood test, a test of the feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

Translate the medical term fetometry as literally as possible.

Fetus (child after eighth week of pregnancy) measure procedure

OBJECTIVE Temp: 101.18F; HR: 110; RR: 32; BP: 84/60; Pulse ox: 93% Gen: He is alert and in no apparent distress. HEENT: His ear canals are clear. There is no evidence of an ear infection. There is congestion in his nares. His lips and mouth are moist. He does not have any pharnygeal exudate. Resp: He is wheezing bilaterally on auscultation CV: His heart is beating with a regular rhythm and without a murmur. Skin: His skin is warm, dry, and pink. What is the correct definition for the underlined term above?

From the Latin word ausculto meaning to "listen," and refers to a health care professional using a stethoscope

Which term refers to the use of electric current to destroy tissue?

Fulguration

Which medical term means "specialist in the stomach and intestines"?

Gastroenterologist

Which medical term means "creation of an opening between the stomach and the second section of the small intestine"?

Gastrojejunostomy

Build a medical term that means "a hardening of the blood vessels within the kidney that filter the blood."

Glomerulosclerosis

Translate the term eupnea as literally as possible.

Good breathing

What is the correct translation of the abbreviation GYN?

Gynecology

The procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream is abbreviated:

HD.

Translate the medical term angiosclerosis as literally as possible.

Hardening of a blood vessel

Translate the term myocardium as literally as possible.

Heart muscle tissue

Build a medical term that means "blood tumor" and refers to a mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue.

Hematoma

Which medical term means "blockage in a fallopian tube caused by blood"?

Hematosalpinx

The following lab results were found in a patient's Hospital Progress Note: Labs Total bilirubin: 6.2 Hgb: 9.2; WBC: 20.2; PLT: 24. PT and PTT both elevated. Microangiopathic hemolysis seen on peripheral smear. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the data?

Hemoglobin = 9.2 White Blood Count = 20.2 Platelet count = 24 Prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times are elevated

Which medical term means a loss of blood?

Hemorrhage

Build a medical term that means "blood in the chest."

Hemothorax

Which medical term means "surgical fixation of the liver"?

Hepatopexy

Translate the medical term perineocele as literally as possible.

Hernia in the perineal region (region between the genital organs and the anus)

Translate the medical term cystourethrocele as literally as possible.

Hernia of the bladder and urethra (long tube that connects bladder to outside world)

Which medical term means "excessive vomiting"?

Hyperemesis

What does the abbreviation HTN stand for?

Hypertension

Which medical term means "pain in the uterus"?

Hysteralgia

Which medical term means "downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina"?

Hysteroptosis

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation HSG?

Hysterosalpingogram: hystero (uterus) + salpingo (fallopian tube) + gram (record) = record of the uterus and fallopian tubes.

Which of the following abbreviations does NOT refer to a virus or syndrome?

INR

Which medical term means "creation of an opening between the third section of the small intestine and the large intestine"?

Ileocolostomy

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term underlined in the health record below? Objective Past Medical History: Ulcerative colitis. Toxic megacolon. Past Surgical History: Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. Family History: Mother with ulcerative colitis. Medications: Daily vitamin.

Ileorectal anastomosis breaks into ileo (ileum) + rect (rectum) + al (pertaining to) + ana (up/out) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition) = creation of an opening between the ilium and rectum.

Translate the medical term celiotomy.

Incision into the abdomen

Translate the medical term vesicotomy.

Incision into the bladder

Translate the term myocarditis.

Inflammation of the heart muscle

Translate the term capnometer.

Instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels

Assessment Ms. Mendel's symptoms are concerning for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Other possibilities include hepatitis, cholelithiasis, and biliary obstruction. Which of the following definitions is NOT part of this patient's differential diagnosis?

Intestinal inflammation

Translate the root enter/o.

Intestines

Which part of the body is NOT part of the UGI tract?

Intestines

Translate the medical term vasospasm as literally as possible.

Involuntary contraction of a blood vessel

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation ESWL?

It breaks into extra (inside) + corpore (body) + eal (pertaining to) + shock + wave + litho (stone) + tripsy (wear down procedure).

Which of the following is NOT true about the abbreviation BPH?

It can affect both men and women.

Which of the following statements about the medical term caseous necrosis is NOT true?

It involves the milky bodily fluid formed in the small intestines during digestion and carried through the body via the lymph vessels.

Which statement is NOT true regarding the abbreviation TAH/BSO?

It involves the surgical removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries through the vagina.

Which of the following is NOT true about the abbreviation CTA?

It is a diagnostic procedure involving striking.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term hypernephroma?

It is a disease of the kidneys characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root pyel/o?

It is a large holding bag for urine.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about a T&A?

It is a lower respiratory procedure: the reconstruction of the patient's chest and alveoli.

Which of the following statements about the medical term pyloric stenosis is NOT true?

It is a plan of treatment for acid reflux.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the term anastomosis?

It is a procedure pertaining to the structure of the heart.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the root alveol/o?

It is a term that is part of the upper respiratory system.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation PSG?

It is a treatment or therapy.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the term hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

It is also called dilated cardiomyopathy.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation LAD?

It is caused by an abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term eclampsia?

It is preceded by hyperemesis gravidarum.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term nebulizer?

It is pronounced "neh-buh-lih-zir."

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation ITP?

It is related to an elevated white blood count.

Which statement is NOT true about venostasis?

It is sometimes called arteriosclerosis.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root glomerul/o?

It is the basic working unit of the kidney.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term lymphangiectasia?

It means that a patient is immunocompromised.

Which of the following statements about the medical term percussion is NOT true?

It requires a medical professional to use a T&A.

Which statement is true about the root sept/o?

It stands for "septum," comes from a Latin word meaning "partition or dividing structure," and can refer to any wall dividing two cavities.

Which of the following statements is true about the abbreviation NPO?

It stands for nihil per os and means "nothing by mouth."

Which medical term means "inflammation of the second and third sections of the small intestine"?

Jejunoileitis

Identify the correct pronunciation for the medical term cholecystogram.

KOH-lay-SIS-toh-gram Correct

What is the abbreviation used by medical professionals to refer to the kidneys, ureters, and bladder?

KUB

Translate the root ren/o.

Kidney

Translate the medical term nephrotoxin as literally as possible.

Kidney poison

What are the correct definitions for the medical terms underlined below? Laboratory Data: Significant for increased LFTs, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia.

LFTs = liver function tests hypoalbuminemia: hypo (under) + albumin (albumin) + emia (blood condition) = not enough albumin in the blood hyperbilirubinemia: hyper (over) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (blood condition) = too much bilirubin in the blood

Identify the correct pronunciation of the medical term lymphangitis.

LIM-fan-JAI-tis

If a medical professional is referring to the left lower quadrant of the abdomen, he may abbreviate it:

LLQ

The left hypochondriac region of the abdomen is in which quadrant of the abdomen?

LUQ

Mrs. Campos was admitted last night for fever and elevated WBC. Initial blood culture is coming back positive from gram-positive cocci. She has been on antibiotics for 10 hours now. Last night, the nurses noted hemorrhages. She had hematuria, hemoptysis, and epistaxis. In addition, she developed painful swelling in her right calf. She remains febrile, but the fever is improving since admission. She is still very tired. She denies vomiting. Which of the following symptoms was NOT recorded in this health record?

Large bruises

Identify the correct pronunciation for the medical term celiopathy.

see-lee-AW-pah-thee

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term septoplasty?

septo (septum) + plasty (reconstruction) = reconstruction of the septum

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sialoangiectasis?

sialo (saliva) + angi (vessel) + ectasis (expansion) = overexpansion of the salivary vessels

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sialorrhea?

sialo (saliva) + rrhea (excessive discharge) = excessive salivation

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sialostenosis?

sialo (saliva) + sten (narrow) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the salivary glands

Identify and define the root in the term sialolith.

sialo saliva

Identify and define the root in the term pansinusitis.

sinus-sinus

Which is a root that refers to sperm?

sperm/i

An instrument used to measure blood pressure is called a(n):

sphygmomanometer.

Identify and define the root in the term respiration.

spira breathing

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Which of the following roots pertains to the lower respiratory system?

stern/o

Objective Temp: 99.0. HR: 60. RR: 20. BP: 112/70. General: Pleasant, responsive. No acute distress. HEENT: Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light. Mucous membranes moist and pink. Resp: Clear to auscultation. No wheezes, rales, rhonchi or crackles. Good air exchange. No increased work of breathing. Chest: Sternotomy incision healing well without warmth, erythema, or induration. Dressing clean and dry. CV: Regular in rate and rhythm, no murmur. No jugulovenous distention. CR brisk. Radial pulses 21, dorsal pedal pulses 21. Abd: Soft, nontender, nondistended. No hepatosplenomegaly. Ext: No cyanosis, clubbing, or edema. CXR: Unremarkable. No cardiomegaly. EKG: Normal. Labs: No elevated cardiac enzymes. Normal CBC. Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term sternotomy?

sterno (sternum) + tomy (incision) = incision into the sternum

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term stomatomycosis?

stomato (mouth) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = fungus condition of the mouth

Circulation is the moving of blood from the heart through the vessels and back to the heart. Circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body is called:

systemic circulation.

A deep vein thrombosis is:

the formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg.

The abbreviation Cx refers to:

the opening between the uterus and the vagina.the opening between the uterus and the vagina.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term thrombophlebitis?

thrombo (clot) + phleb (vein) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vein caused by a clot

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term thrombophlebitis? d

thrombo (clot) + phleb (vein) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vein caused by a clot

Identify and define the root in the medical term thromboplastin.

thrombo clot

The formation of a blood clot is called:

thrombosis

Which root is used to refer to the thymus?

thym/o

Identify and define the root in the medical term tocography.

toco- labor

Which term means "windpipe"?

trache/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term tracheomalacia?

tracheo (trachea) + malacia (softening) = softening of the trachea

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term tracheostomy?

tracheo (windpipe) + stomy (opening) = creation of an opening in the windpipe

Identify and define the root in the medical term uremia.

ur- urine

Which root is used to refer to the tubes that carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

ureter/o

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term ureteropyelonephritis into its component parts?

uretero/pyelo/nephr/itis

Both males and females have a urethral meatus. Identify the roots used in this term and their correct translation.

urethr, urethra (tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside world) meat opening

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term urethrostenosis?

urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world)

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term urocyanosis?

uro (urine) + cyan (blue) + osis (condition) = blue urine

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term uropoiesis?

uro (urine) + poiesis (formation) = formation of urine

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term uroxanthin?

uro (urine) + xanthin (yellow) = substance in urine that makes it yellow

The roots metr/o and hyster/o both mean:

uterus.

Identify and define the root in the medical term vaginitis.

vagin- vagina

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vaginomycosis?

vagino (vagina) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = fungal condition of the vagina

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vaginoperineotomy?

vagino (vagina) + perineo (perineum) + tomy (incision) = incision into the vagina and perineum (region between the genital organs and the anus)

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term valvuloplasty?

valvulo (valve) + plasty (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a valve

Which root is used to refer to a vein?

ven/o

Identify and define the root in the medical term venospasm.

veno vein

What is an incision into the ventricle?

ventriculotomy

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vesicocele?

vesico (bladder) + cele (hernia)= hernia of the bladder

An abnormal opening between the urinary bladder and the vagina is called a:

vesicovaginal fistula.

Which root is used for the external genital organs of a female?

vulv/o

The roots gyn/o and gynec/o both mean:

woman.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term bilirubinemia?

bili (bile) + rubin (red) + emia (blood condition) = presence of bilirubin (red bile) in the blood

The terms teratogenic and teratology both deal with:

birth defects.

Expectoration is:

coughing or spitting material out of the lungs.

Translate the medical term lactogenic as literally as possible.

"Pertaining to milk creation" causing the formation of milk

Translate the term pleuropexy as literally as possible.

"Pleura fixation" reattachment of the pleura

Translate the medical term eupepsia as literally as possible.

"Good digestion condition"; normal digestion

Translate the medical term cardiotonic as literally as possible.

"Heart tone agent"; a drug that increases the strength of heart contractions

Translate the medical term nephrohypertrophy as literally as possible.

"Kidney over nourishment condition" overdevelopment of the kidney

Translate the term macrocytosis as literally as possible.

"Large cell condition"; condition characterized by large blood cells

Translate the term lymphocyte as literally as possible.

"Lymph cell"

Translate the medical term aphagia as literally as possible.

"No eat condition"; inability to eat

Translate the medical term ovariocentesis as literally as possible.

"Ovary puncture" surgical puncture of an ovary

Translate the term hyperlipidemia as literally as possible.

"Over fat blood condition"; excessive fat in the blood

Translate the term hypervolemia as literally as possible.

"Over volume blood condition"; increased blood volume

On physical exam, the patient is alert. He takes occasional pauses when he says long sentences, but otherwise, he is not in any distress. He has an occasional cough during his exam. His skin is pink and dry, and his lips are moist. His heartbeat is regular in rate and rhythm, without a murmur. On lung examination, he has whispered pectoriloquy on the right side with decreased breath sounds. He does not have any retractions or nasal flaring noted. His liver and spleen are not large. According to the excerpt, what was found upon lung examination on the right side?

"Whispered pectoriloquy" "speaking from the chest"; used as a means of finding masses in the lung. The whispered word is audible in areas where fluid or a mass is present.

Medications: Inhaled antibiotic (tobramycin inhaled); mucolytic agent (pulmozyme); vitamins ADEK; bronchodilator (albuterol). Allergies: NKDA. Which of the following is not a drug this patient is currently taking?

A drug that encourages the expulsion of material from the lungs

What is the correct definition for ASD?

A flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers, or atria, of the heart

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation CPD?

A mother it at risk if she has a normal pelvis and a baby that is SGA.

What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?

A thrombus is a clot of blood and is stationary. An embolus is foreign material and is in motion. When a thrombus breaks off, it becomes a thromboembolus.

Which of the following pairs of abbreviations are opposites?

AML, CML

Translate the medical term abdominocentesis as literally as possible.

Abdomen puncture

Translate the medical term antiemetic as literally as possible.

Against vomiting agent, agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting

Translate the term pneumohemothorax.

Air and blood in the chest

Identify the correct translation for the root pneumat/o.

Air or lungs

Which is a step in the coagulation and forming of a blood clot?

All of these Coagulation Platelet plug formation Vascular spasm

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term azoturia?

All of these are true It breaks into azot (nitrogen) + ur (urine) + ia (condition). It can be determined by a urinalysis. It refers to excess nitrogen in the urine. The root azot comes from combining the two roots a (not) + zo (living), and was applied to nitrogen because things cannot live in it.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term cirrhosis?

All of these are true It comes from the Greek word cirrho, for yellow. It describes a liver disease named for the change of color in the liver. It is a diagnosis of a supporting organ in the gastrointestinal system.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the medical term teratoma?

All of these are true statements.

Read the health record information below: PMHx: Last mammogram 6 years ago, normal. Pap smear 10 years ago: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II treated with LEEP. Last Pap smear 5 years ago: Normal. ROS: She denies visual changes. According to the health record information, which of the following statements is NOT true?

All of these are true. Five years ago, the patient's test to detect cancer cells in the cervix was normal. Her last breast exam record was normal. Ten years ago the patient had an abnormal growth of cervical cells. The patient's cervical condition was treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

Which of the following statements is true about the term hypotension?

All of these are true. It breaks into hypo (under) + tens (stretch) + ion (condition). It means a person has low blood pressure. The force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels is not normal.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the medical term kidney dialysis?

All of these are true. It breaks into kidney dia (through) + lysis (loosen, break down). It is also known as hemodialysis. It refers to the procedure for removing wastes from the blood. The name comes from the fact that the procedure separates or "loosens" blood from waste by passing it through an external filter.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root prostat/o?

All of these are true. It breaks into pro (before) + state (stand). It got its name because of its position in front of the urinary bladder. It is an organ that surrounds the urethra.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the abbreviation SUI?

All of these are true. It can affect both men and women. It is a loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure. It is the medical term for loss of bladder control due to excessive laughing, a hard cough, or similar motion. It stands for stress urinary incontinence.

Which statement is NOT true about a heart valve?

All of these are true. The purpose of heart valves is to prevent blood from flowing backward. The heart has four valves. The common root is valvul/o.

Which is NOT a root used to refer to vessels or a type of vessel?

All of these refer to vessels. angi/o arteri/o vas/o

Which statement shows the correct relationship between the terms antibody and antigen?

All of these. "Antibody" is a shortened form of antitoxic (against poison) body; the body views most antigens as poison and thus produces an antibody in defense. An antibody is a substance produced by the body in response to an antigen. An antigen is a substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

Subjective Reason for Consult: I was asked to see this 8-year-old boy to evaluate his anemia. History of Present Illness: Billy Caspar presented initially to his primary care provider with decreased energy and pallor. He had recently had a rash on his hands and a fever, both of which have improved over the past few days. A hematocrit was performed in the office and it was critically low. In addition, the patient had a flow murmur and appeared lethargic. He was sent to the hospital for admission. He was transfused with 2 units of prbcs and hematology was consulted. According to the information from this health record, which of the following statements is TRUE?

All of these. The patient was given a test that separated his blood. The medical profession caring for Billy Caspar wanted to determine the ratio of red blood cells to his total blood volume. A Hct was performed in the office.

What is the correct definition of a PCI?

An alternate treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessels into the heart

What medical term refers to an abnormal opening between the rectum and the exterior perianal skin?

Anal fistula

Which is the best definition for aplastic anemia?

Anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities

Which of the following terms does NOT refer to an irregular heartbeat?

Angina pectoris

Which term describes a stone forming in the wall of a blood vessel?

Angiolith

Which medical term means "the surgical reconstruction of a vessel"?

Angioplasty

Which medical term means "vessel formation"?

Angiopoiesis

Build a medical term that means "a drug that prevents coughing."

Antitussive

Translate the root proct/o.

Anus and rectum

Which medical term means "artery rupture"?

Arteriorrhexis

Which term describes a hardening of an artery due to build-up of fatty plaque?

Atherosclerosis

Translate the medical term antepartum as literally as possible.

Before birth

Translate the medical term biligenesis as literally as possible.

Bile creation

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation LTB?

Laryngotracheobronchitis: laryngo (larynx) + tracheo (trachea) + bronch (bronchus) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi

Build a medical term that means "white cell" and refers to white blood cells.

Leukocyte

Read the information in the Hospital Consult below: Recommendation Billy needs another transfusion immediately. I have already ordered this. Once his anemia is stabilized, I think he should be seen by surgery to assess for a splenectomy. If he does get a splenectomy, he will, of course, need a pneumococcus vaccine, as he will be partially immunocompromised due to asplenia. Thank you for this interesting consult. I will continue to follow up on a daily basis. According to the information, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Billy is recovering from having his spleen removed.

Assessment Billy clearly has a hemolytic anemia that is consistent with hereditary spherocytosis. I believe that, given his sudden and severe presentation along with his recent illness, he has aplastic crisis. This is likely brought on from infection from the parvo B19 virus. His flow murmur and slow cap refill are concerning for continued hypovolemia. According to the information, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Billy's condition can be classified as both abrupt and acute.

Translate the root vesic/o.

Bladder

Choose the correct translation of the root hemat/o.

Blood

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation BMT?

Bone marrow transplant

Build a medical term that means "slow breathing."

Bradypnea

Identify the correct definition for the medical term obstetrics.

Branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy, labor, and delivery of newborns

Translate the medical term mastoptosis as literally as possible.

Breast drooping condition

Which of the following abbreviations is a heart procedure?

CABG

What is a treatment for apnea involving keeping a patient's airways open using air pressure delivered via a face mask?

CPAP

What is a method of artificially maintaining blood flow and airflow when breathing and pulse have stopped?

CPR

Translate the term bronchiogenic carcinoma.

Cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi

Identify the correct translation for the root capn/o.

Carbon dioxide

Which medical term means "an incision into the heart muscle"?

Cardiomyotomy

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Carries sperm from the testicles

Which term literally means "bad formation of cervical cells"?

Cervical dysplasia

Which medical terms mean "inflammation of the cervix and vagina"?

Cervicocolpitis only Cervicovaginitis only Colpocystitis ColpocystitisColpocystitis

Translate the term thoracentesis as literally as possible.

Chest puncture

Which combination of roots refers to the ducts through which bile leaves the liver?

Choleangio

Which combination of roots refers to the gallbladder, a small organ located under the liver that stores bile?

Cholecyst

Which medical term means "gallbladder pain"?

Cholecystalgia

Which medical term means "incision into the common bile duct"?

Choledochotomy

Which term describes the crushing of gallstones?

Cholelithotripsy

Which of the following is a correct translation and definition for COPD?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a lung disease caused by the continual blockage of lung passages

Which medical term means "inflammation of the vagina and urinary bladder"?

Colpocystitis

Which medical term means "procedure for examining the vagina"?

Colposcopy

Which medical term means "narrowing in the vaginal opening"?

Colpostenosis

Which is the correct translation and definition for the abbreviation CT?

Computed tomography an imaging procedure using a computer to cut

Build a medical term that means "downward displacement of the bladder."

Cystoptosis

Build a medical term that means "creation of an opening in the bladder."

Cystostomy

Choose the correct translation of the suffix - penia.

Deficiency

OBJECTIVE She was 3 cm dilated and effaced. Initial lab work included a CBC that showed an elevated white blood cell but no anemia. Fibrinogen and PT/PTT were all normal, which reassured us that she did not have DIC or a coagulopathy. The patient was placed on IV fluids and antibiotics for presumed chorioamnionitis and was placed under continuous monitoring. Two hours after admission, fetal heart rate monitors alerted us to fetal bradycardia and late decelerations.The decision was made to proceed with emergency CS. According to the note, which kind of procedure did the patient undergo?

Delivery of a baby through an incision made in the uterus, or caesarian section

Identify the correct translation for the root phren/o.

Diaphragm

Build a medical term that means "an instrument for examining the opening of the urethra."

Meatoscope

Translate the root lact/o.

Milk

Translate the root stomat/o.

Mouth

Translate the medical term stomatosis as literally as possible.

Mouth condition

Dr. Jonas Wallin stated "that Mr. Johnson has benign prostate hyperplasia." What is NOT true about this assessment?

Mr. Johnson will have to have his prostate removed.

Hospital Course Mrs. Collach was admitted to the medical service. She was placed on NPO status and given IVF and analgesics. An ultrasound revealed gallstones in the common bile duct as the etiology for Mrs. Collach's pancreatitis. Surgery was consulted. According to this excerpt, which of the following statements is true? Multiple Choice

Mrs. Collach has choledocholithiasis.

On hospital day 2, Mrs. Collach was taken to the OR for laparoscopic choledocholithectomy and cholecystectomy. She tolerated the procedure well. She began a postoperative refeeding plan with a low-protein, low-fat diet. She tolerated advancing the diet, and 2 days after her surgery, her pain had improved enough that she was discharged home. Why was Mrs. Collach taken to the operating room?

Mrs. Collach was taken to the operating room to have her gallbladder and gallstones removed.

Indications: The patient, Mrs. Jenna Friedman, is a 23-year-old gravida 2 para 1 female who presents at 37 weeks' gestation with bleeding and painful uterine contractions for 4 hours. An emergent ultrasound was performed to rule out placenta previa. The ultrasound showed a retroplacental hematoma. She was admitted for evaluation and treatment for abruptio placentae. Her physical exam on admission was significant for fever to 101.2°F, as well as abdominal and uterine tenderness. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

Mrs. Friedman remained afebrile.

Read the health record information below: Assessment Given her preliminary endometrial biopsy results, Mrs. Pecos's metromenorrhagia is due to endometrial hyperplasia. We will send the tissue sample to pathology to confirm the finding of atypia, but it is likely that she also has myoinvasive endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Which of the following statements is true, given the health record information?

Mrs. Pecos is experiencing excessive menstrual bleeding at irregular intervals, probably due to an overformation of the inner layer of her uterine tissue.

Assessment Given that her chest x-ray is normal, I do not believe that Mrs. Short has postoperative pericardial effusion. Since she is afebrile, I do not believe she has endocarditis. Her shortness of breath and tachycardic episodes are most likely postoperative atrial flutter. Which of the following statements is true, given the health record information?

Mrs. Short most likely has a flutter in the upper chamber of her heart.

Emergency Department Course Ms. Miller arrived at the emergency department in mild discomfort. An IV was started, and she was treated with IV fluids for mild dehydration. Ms. Miller was also given an antiemetic and ibuprofen. A rapid hCG test to rule out ectopic pregnancy was negative. A swab of Ms. Miller's purulent vaginal discharge revealed leukorrhea. We performed a transvaginal sonography. Suspicion for pelvic inflammatory disorder was confirmed by findings of enlarged ovaries consistent with oophoritis, endometritis, and hydrosalpinx. Results for chlamydia reinfection and gonorrhea are still pending. According to the excerpt, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Ms. Miller has a fertilized egg implanted somewhere other than her uterus.

Build a medical term that means "bone marrow tumor" and is a cancerous tumor of the bone marrow.

Myeloma

Build a medical term that means "bone marrow formation."

Myelopoiesis

What is the medical term that describes a blockage of blood to the heart muscle?

Myocardial ischemia

Which medical term means "inflammation of the middle layer of uterine muscle tissue"?

Myometritis

A tube inserted through the nose into the stomach is abbreviated:

NGT.

Which of the following abbreviations is NOT a diagnostic procedure?

NSR

Translate the medical term episiostenosis as literally as possible.

Narrowing of the vulvar (external) opening

Translate the term rhinitis as literally as possible.

Nasal inflammation

Build a medical term that means "instrument for looking at the nose and throat."

Nasopharyngoscope

What is the correct meaning of the abbreviation N&V?

Nausea and vomiting

Which medical term means "pertaining to new birth, normally the baby's first 28 days after birth"?

Neonatal

Build a medical term that means "pain in the kidney."

Nephralgia

Build a medical term that means "opening of a passageway between a kidney and a bladder."

Nephrocystanastomosis

Build a medical term that means "kidney specialist."

Nephrologist

Which medical term means "kidney condition"?

Nephrosis

Build a medical term that means "surgical removal a kidney and ureter."

Nephroureterectomy

Which of the following is a correct definition for the abbreviation NCAT?

No cervical adenopathy or tenderness

Translate the medical term aspermia as literally as possible.

No sperm condition

Translate the medical term anorchidism as literally as possible.

No testicle condition

Translate the medical term gastroparesis as literally as possible.

Partial paralysis of the stomach

I have discussed the results with the patient, including his treatment options. I explained he would need a partial lobectomy. He is scheduled for a surgical consultation later this week. After surgical resection of the tumor and lobectomy, he will need to begin chemotherapy. According to this information, what procedure will the patient undergo?

Partial removal of one lobe

Translate the root balan/o.

Penis

Translate the medical term balanitis as literally as possible.

Penis inflammation

Which is the correct definition and translation of the abbreviation PEJ?

Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy, using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in part of the small intestine without having to surgically open the abdomen for placement

Which medical term means "an incision into the tissue around the heart"?

Pericardiotomy

Which medical term means "tissue around the heart"?

Pericardium

Which medical term means "surgical reconstruction of the tissue between the genital organs and anus"?

Perineoplasty

Which medical term means "suture of the perineum"?

Perineorrhaphy

Which medical term means "procedure for looking at the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity"?

Peritoneoscopy

Which medical term means "inflammation of the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity"?

Peritonitis

Which medical term means "narrowing of the veins"?

Phlebostenosis

Which of the following terms is NOT a drug?

Phlebostomy

Which medical term means "vein incision specialist," and refers to a person who draws blood?

Phlebotomist

Build a medical term that means "involuntary contraction of the diaphragm" (also known as the hiccups).

Phrenospasm

Translate the term pleuralgia as literally as possible.

Pleura pain

Build a medical term that means "inflammation in the membrane surrounding the lungs."

Pleuritis

Build a medical term that means "hernia of the lung."

Pneumatocele

Build a medical term that means "inflammation in the lung."

Pneumonitis

Which term refers to an excess of red blood cells?

Polycythemia

Which medical term describes a persistent and painful erection?

Priapism

Which is the correct definition of phlebophlebostomy?

Procedure to create an opening between two veins

Translate the term spirometry.

Procedure to measure breathing

Which medical term means specialist in the anus, rectum, and colon?

Proctologist

Which medical term means "downward displacement of the rectum and anus"?

Proctoptosis

Identify the correct definition for diaphoresis.

Profuse sweating

Build a medical term that means "inflammation of the prostate and bladder."

Prostatocystitis

Build a medical term that means "renal pelvis disease."

Pyelopathy

Build a medical term that means "pus in the chest."

Pyothorax

What is the correct definition for A-fib?

Quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart's upper chamber

Translate the medical term rectopexy as literally as possible.

Rectum fixation

Build a medical term that means "image of the kidney blood vessel."

Renal angiogram

What is the medical term used to describe the deficiency of blood in a kidney?

Renal ischemia

Which term refers to an injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored?

Reperfusion injury

What is the correct translation and definition of the abbreviation RP?

Retrograde pyelogram, image of the renal pelvis produced by injecting a contrast dye from the bladder to the kidney

Which is the correct definition for cardioversion as used in the health note below? Plan: I will admit her overnight for observation under telemetry and cardioversion, if needed.

Returning the heart to normal rhythm

What is the correct interpretation of the biopsy results? Thorascopy with biopsy was then done under sedation in the surgical suite. The biopsy sample was sent to the pathology lab. The results showed bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.

The patient has a cancerous tumor of the bronchiole and alveoli.

Read this excerpt from a patient's health record: The patient is a 4-month-old with a 4-day history of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and a dry cough. He also has been wheezing for the past 2 days. His congestion is getting worse. He has had a fever up to 103.4°F. His parents say he has not had any apnea, cyanosis, or dyspnea. No one in his family has asthma. His mother was recently diagnosed with bronchitis. Which of the following is a symptom exhibited by the patient?

Runny nose

What is the correct pronunciation for the medical term salpingitis?

SAL-pin-JAI-tis

What is the correct abbreviation for stroke volume?

SV

Translate the medical term sialoadenosis as literally as possible.

Saliva gland condition

Which medical term refers to a type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue?

Seminoma

History of Present Illness: Sharon Jackson is a 12-month-old female with a history of VSD first discovered on echocardiogram shortly after birth. She has been followed by cardiology. She had been hemodynamically stable until the past month, when her parents noticed that she had increased difficulty eating. She would sweat after eating and become cyanotic with exertion. Her mother followed up with Sharon's cardiologist, who sent her to our office for consult. According to this patient's medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Sharon had an ECHO that revealed a flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers of the heart.

History of Present Illness: Sharon's symptoms were consistent with congestive heart failure. It was decided to surgically correct her VSD. She underwent a sternotomy and atriotomy for patch placement in the ventricular septum to correct her VSD. This was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass under the guidance of a perfusionist. Sharon tolerated the procedure well and is now being admitted for postoperative observation and care. According to this patient's medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Sharon has a surgery to bypass an artery in the heart.

Past Medical History: Recent treatment for chlamydia vulvovaginitis. Menarche at 13 years of age. LMP 1 week ago. Past Surgical History: None. Social History: High-risk sexual behavior. Sexually active with multiple partners, inconsistent use of protection via condoms with her partners. 1-pack-per-day smoker. Family History: Noncontributory Which of the following statements is NOT true about this patient's medical history?

She has not yet been treated for her STD.

Which medical term means "procedure for looking at the end of the colon, before the rectum begins"?

Sigmoidoscopy

Translate the medical term gastromalacia as literally as possible.

Softening of the stomach

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation SHG?

Sonohysterography: sono (sound) + hystero (uterus) +graphy (writing procedure) = procedure using sound waves to examine the uterus

Translate the medical term spermatogenesis as literally as possible

Sperm creation

Translate the term splenodynia as literally as possible.

Spleen pain

Translate the term splenorrhexis as literally as possible.

Spleen rupture

Build a medical term that means "spleen pain."

Splenalgia

Build a medical term that means "spleen drooping condition."

Splenoptosis

What is the medical term used for the surgical reconstruction of the mouth?

Stomatoplasty

Translate the medical term prostatolith.

Stone in the organ in the male reproductive tract that surrounds the urethra

Identify the correct translation for the root bronchiol/o.

Subdivision of the bronchial tubes

Translate the medical term renal angioplasty.

Surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel

Translate the medical term orchioplasty as literally as possible.

Surgical reconstruction of a testicle

Translate the term lymphadenectomy.

Surgical removal of a lymph node

Translate the medical term embolectomy.

Surgical removal of a mass of matter present in the blood

Translate the term tonsillectomy.

Surgical removal of a tonsil

Translate the medical term atherectomy.

Surgical removal of fatty plaque within an artery

Plan: We will be starting initial treatment: fluid intake restriction and medicine. I explained to Mr. Johnson that if he fails this therapy, the next step would be surgical. There are several options available. I discussed these options, including TURP versus open prostatectomy versus transurethral incision of prostate (TUIP). Mr. Johnson will return to my clinic for follow-up in 6 weeks. Which of the following is NOT a surgical option presented to the patient?

Surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles

What is the correct definition for the term underlined in the following health record excerpt? Plan Mrs. Pecos will need a hysterectomy and a referral to oncology. I will also begin her on iron supplementation.

Surgical removal of the uterus

What is the correct abbreviation for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?

TTP

Translate the medical term orchidoptosis as literally as possible.

Testicle drooping condition

For the abbreviations AIDS and HIV, which is true about the letter "I"?

The "I" in AIDS and HIV stands for "immunodeficiency," and means the immune system has a decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms.

She had poor circulation, so she was given IVF and transfused with 2 units of blood (prbcs). An ABG showed hypoxemia and hypercapnia, both of which improved on follow-up ABG after she was intubated. The pulmonology team was contacted; the team decided bronchoscopy would be best. According to the excerpt, which of the following is NOT true

The ABG was most likely administered in order to test her blood circulation.

Subjective Mrs. Short presents to my office for her routine postoperative follow-up following aortic valvuloplasty. She has been followed by her cardiologist for known bicuspid aortic valve related to her Turner syndrome. She has recently had difficulty breathing with exercise and episodes of syncope. An echocardiogram revealed left ventricular hypertrophy. Since she was becoming symptomatic, she was referred to my office for surgical correction. She underwent aortic valvuloplasty 5 days previously and discharged 2 days ago. Since her surgery, she has had a few episodes of tachycardia and a funny feeling in her chest. She denies pain or fever. Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the information found in this patient's Clinic Note?

The ECHO revealed a thickening of the walls on the left lower chamber of the heart.

Read the Emergency Department excerpt below: Ms. Miller tolerated PO fluids and looked a little better. We educated Ms. Miller on the risks of STIs and the need for barrier protection. We also explained the complications of PID, including tubo-ovarian abscess and tubal infertility. She was sent home for outpatient management. According to the excerpt, which of the following statements is true?

The Emergency Department educated Ms. Miller on the risk of sexually transmitted infections and explained the complications of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Plan: Patient has already had an emergent coronary arteriography, which showed three stenotic vessels. I have recommended CABG over percutaneous catheterization due to three-vessel involvement, and the patient agrees. According to the information in this patient's health record, which of the following statements is NOT true? Multiple Choice

The author of the consult note recommends an alternative treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessel into the heart.

Assessment/Plan 1. Septicemia: Fever down slightly and WBC decreased from 25.4 to 20.2. Continue current IV antibiotics. 2. Anemia/Coagulopathy/Thrombocytopenia: Clinically consistent with DIC. We will transfuse a unit of platelets and follow labs in 6 hours. 3. Calf swelling: Suspect superficial thromboembolism. We will consult hematology/oncology in regard to their opinion on beginning anticoagulant medicine. 4. Hyperbilirubinemia: I suspect the etiology is liver dysfunction from DIC. Follow labs in the AM. According to the information in the note, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The author of the health record suspects that a clot is blocking a blood vessel in the patient's calf and has prescribed a drug that will prevent the blood from clotting.

Read the patient's assessment below: Assessment Since he is wheezing, his cough is probably bronchospastic. He did not improve after using a bronchodilator in the office. Therefore, I believe the patient has a URI and bronchiolitis. Which of the following is a correct translation of this patient's Assessment?

The author of this health record believes the cough is related to an involuntary contraction of the bronchus, but the patient did not improve after taking a drug that expands the walls of the bronchi. The patient was then diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection and inflammation of the bronchioles.

Plan Recommendation: We need to perform an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram. Given the less invasive nature, I recommended Ms. Mendel have an MR cholangiogram, which is scheduled for later this week. If the results confirm primary sclerosing cholangitis, we will begin medical treatment and then schedule a percutaneous hepatic biopsy. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this health record information? Multiple Choice

The author of this health record recommends an ERCP.

Read this excerpt from the patient's medical history: Past Medical History: Term delivery. Normal newborn screen. Specifically, no hemoglobinopathy on screen. Normal development. Past Surgical History: None. Family History: Father with hereditary spherocytosis. Medications: Daily vitamin. According to the patient's medical history, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The father's blood cells are spherical in shape and the patient did not exhibit any signs of hemoglobin disease in the past.

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation IVF?

The fertilization of an egg done in a test tube

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the lymphatic system?

The lymphatic system is the body's primary method of communication, keeping all systems linked to one another.

Why does a urologist deal with both urinary tract problems and male genital problems?

The male reproductive system shares structures with the urinary system.

Abd: Mild distention. Fullness and discomfort of suprapubic area. Neuro: Normal reflexes and strength of the lower extremities, normal sphincter tone. Gross appearance of penis: No meatal stenosis, easily retractable foreskin, no penile ulcers. DRE: Enlarged prostate of 3 finger breadths. No prostatorrhea. Labs: Elevated PSA. UA normal. UCx negative. BMP normal. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

The opening of the patient's urethra is small (narrow).

Past Medical History: CAD with PTCA in 20xx. Hypertension. Hypertriglyceridemia. Medications: Beta blocker, nitroglycerin prn, ASA, antilipidemic agent. Allergies: Penicillin. Family History: Brother deceased from an MI at 69 years of age. Social: Patient does not smoke. He drinks 1-2 beers per week. Denies illicit drug use. He is married with two grown children and three grandchildren. According to this patient's medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The patient experienced a myocardial infarction.

PMHx: Cryptorchidism as a child. PSHx: Orchidopexy at 4 years. Which of the following statements is true, given the health record information?

The patient had a hidden testicle as a child and it was surgically fixed when he was 4.

Which is NOT a root used to refer to the testicle?

balan/o

Read the laboratory data below: Laboratory Data CBC: Normocytic anemia. Reticulocytosis. BMP: Hyperbilirubinemia. Smear: Poikilocytosis. According to the laboratory data, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The patient has a deficiency in all cellular components of the blood.

ASSESSMENT 4-year-old male with anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The lymphoblasts on the peripheral blood smear indicate an acute lymphoblastic leukemia. According to the excerpt, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The patient has a deficiency in the number of red and white blood cells and difficulty forming clots. The presence of lymphoblasts on the patient's blood smear indicates he has a cancer of the bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells.

A CT of his lungs revealed opacities and air bronchograms in his right upper lobe, with a small area of pleural effusion on the right. There are also two large lymph nodes in his mediastinum. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

The patient has a small area of PE on the right.

Physical Exam General: WDWN. Nontoxic. NAD. Head: PERRLA. EOMI bilaterally. Periorbital edema. No erthyma. No proptosis. Mucous membranes moist and pink. TMs normal. Cardiovascular: Regular in rate and rhythm without murmurs, gallop, or rubs. No jvd. Respiratory: Clear to auscultation. Abdomen: Soft, nontender, nondistended, no hepatosplenomegaly. No CVA tenderness. Neurologic: Alert, oriented. Skin: Pink, warm. Extremities: Edema of feet. Dorsal pedal pulses present. Labs: Elevated BUN and creatinine. Hypocomplementemia. Antistreptolysin O and antiDNAase B. Imaging: None. According to this information, which of the following statements is true?

The patient has an elevated level of blood urea nitrogen.

SUBJECTIVE Mr. Robert Luno presents to our clinic with a 2-month history of intermittent post-prandial gastralgia and dyspepsia. It has become more and more frequent. He also reports occasional emesis as well, but denies hematemesis and cholemesis. He denies diarrhea and constipation. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the symptoms experienced by Mr. Luno?

The patient has diarrhea and constipation and has been vomiting.

ASSESSMENT Hematuria/albuminuria: Doug clearly has a nephropathy. The differential diagnosis includes post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, basement membrane disease, lupus nephritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Since he had a recent throat infection, post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is the most likely cause. We will wait for the labs to confirm a recent strep infection. Given this information, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The patient has excessive protein in his blood.

Colonoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. One year ago, she developed toxic megacolon, which eventually led to surgical intervention. She had been doing well until 3 months ago, when she started reporting fatigue, general pruritis, and pain in her RUQ. Her primary provider referred her again for evaluation. She reports some history of steatorrhea but denies bright red blood. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this health record information?

The patient has experienced some hematemesis.

Chief Complaint: Hemoptysis History of Present Illness: The patient has been brought to the emergency department by her mother. She is a 22-year-old female with cystic fibrosis. She has had a 1-day history of hemoptysis. She has been feeling tired for 5 days. Her mother says that the patient has had mild dyspnea and cough. The patient's last PFTs were much worse than normal for her. She has not had any epistaxis, bleeding from her gums, bloody stool, or easy bruising. Which of the following is NOT true, based on the information found in the health record?

The patient has had nosebleeds.

Chief Complaint: Hematuria. History of Present Illness: Doug Harper is a 5-year-old boy with a 2-day history of gross hematuria. Doug's parents noted that Doug had had oliguria the past 2 days and had very dark, tea-colored urine. They took Doug to his primary care provider, Nelda Lopez, NP. Ms. Lopez performed a urinalysis, and the results showed hematuria and albuminuria. She also noted Doug had periorbital edema and that he was hypertensive in the office. The parents report that Doug had a recent throat infection (last week) that resolved on its own. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this information? Multiple Choice

The patient has no other contributing symptoms.

Objective RR: 18; HR: 70; Temp: 101.2; BP: 102/74. General: Sleeping. Tired but responsive to questions. HEENT: NCAT, dried bloody crusts in nostrils, Mucous membranes moist and pink; PERRLA, EOMI, conjunctivae clear. Neck: Supple, no adenopathy, no JVD. Resp: No increased effort, clear breath sounds. CV: Regular, S1, S2, no murmur/rub; pedal pulses 21. Abd: Soft, nontender, nondistended, normoactive bowel sounds, no HSM. Lymph: No enlarged cervical, axillary, or inguinal lymph nodes. Skin: Scattered petechiae, CR 2 seconds. Ext: Right swelling with tender subcutaneous nodule. Neuro: Alert and oriented, CN II-XII grossly intact, normal and symmetric strength in UEs and LEs, DTRs 2+ and symmetric. According to the information in the note, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The patient has small bruises scattered on her skin.

Reason for Consult: Cough and dyspnea. The patient is a 64-year-old male who has had a cough for 2 months. His cough has had a lot of sputum in it. Now he also has dyspnea. He has been sweating at night and has lost 5 pounds in the past 2 months. He does not have any hemoptysis, dysphonia, or fever. He is a 2-pack-per-day smoker. According to this information, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The patient is coughing up blood.

ASSESSMENT I suspect Mr. Luno is suffering from gastroesophageal reflux. Other possibilities include gastritis, cholelithiasis, and PUD. Which is NOT part of the differential diagnosis?

The patient may have a stone in his pancreas.

Preoperative Diagnosis: 1. Abruptio placentae 2. Chorioamnionitis 3. Fetal distress Which of the following statements is NOT a correct interpretation of this information?

The patient needed to undergo surgery because the placenta is attached to the uterus near the cervix.

Which of the following statements is NOT a correct interpretation of the health record information found below? An ABG shows mild hypoxemia. I believe this is from the large amount of bronchorrhea.

The patient shows IRDS.

HPI Miss Susan Nesbit is a 12-year-old female who first visited her primary care provider for dysuria. A UA was ordered, but the patient could not urinate in the office. She took the UA cup home but did not return with the sample. The next day, Susan's dysuria worsened, and she developed a fever of 102.3°F, as well as vomiting and hematuria, so she returned to the clinic. A urinalysis performed in the office revealed significant pyuria, hematuria, and albuminuria. Since Susan was not able to keep any fluids down, her primary care provider sent her to the emergency department for evaluation for admission. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this information?

The patient was experiencing polyuria.

Read the excerpt from a patient's health record: Physical Exam: RR: 30; HR: 92; Temp: 102.1°F; BP: 90/57; Pulse ox: 89% Gen: Mildly cyanotic. In mild respiratory distress. Her nose and mouth are a little dry. HEENT: Her ear drums and ear canals are normal. CV: Mildly tachycardic. No murmur. Her pulses are a little weak. Resp: Tachypneic, shallow breaths, breath sounds are weaker than normal bilaterally. GI: Normal. Her liver and spleen are not large. According to this patient's physical examination, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The patient was not having respiration difficulties.

Plan: Since there is significant risk for cancer, we will schedule Mr. Joules for a radical orchidectomy. We will send samples to Pathology to confirm the diagnosis and staging. I outlined the general treatment and follow-up plan with Mr. Joules. Today, we will check a sperm count to establish a baseline, as azoospermia and oligospermia are risks of surgery. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

The patient will undergo a spermatolysis.

Review of Systems: Positive for nausea, but no emesis. Otherwise negative. Medications: None. Allergies: No known drug allergies. Past Medical History: Noncontributory. Past Surgical History: Balanoplasty for hypospadias at age 1. Social History: Doug lives with his parents and older sister. He is going into kindergarten in the fall. Family History: Paternal grandfather with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this information?

The patient's past medical history is important for the current urology consult.

On a patient's Cardiology Consult Note, the physician wrote, "Impression: Acute myocardial infarction." What is an accurate interpretation of this part of the note?

The physician believes the patient's heart muscle tissue is dying.

Translate the root sigmoid/o.

The portion of the large intestine at the end of the colon before the rectum

Read the health record excerpt below: Endometrial Bx: Hyperplasia with atypia. According to the excerpt, what kind of diagnostic procedure did the patient undergo?

The removal of a sample of the inner layer of the uterine tissue in order to examine it

Translate the root an/o.

The sphincter or muscle at the end of the intestines that allows for the passage of feces

Read the following information found in Mr. Pain's health record. EKG: Ischemic changes. Lab: Cardiac enzymes elevated. CXR: No cardiomegaly. According to the health record, which statement is NOT true? Multiple Choice

The tests performed on Mr. Pain were unremarkable.

Which of the following statements is true about the medical terms oophorocystectomy and ovarian cystectomy?

They both mean the surgical removal of an ovarian cyst.

Build a medical term that means "chest pain."

Thoracalgia

Build a medical term that means "creation of an opening in the chest."

Thoracostomy

Build a medical term that means "capable of producing a clot."

Thrombogenic

Build a medical term that means "clot breakdown agent" and is a drug that breaks down blood clots.

Thrombolytic

Which medical term describes a drug that breaks down clots?

Thrombolytic

Build a medical term that means "surgical removal of the thymus."

Thymectomy

Build a medical term that means "a disease of the thymus."

Thymopathy

Translate the term tonsillitis as literally as possible.

Tonsil inflammation

Build a medical term that means "inflammation of a tonsil."

Tonsillitis

Translate the root odont/o.

Tooth

Build a medical term that means "incision into the windpipe."

Tracheotomy

Assessment: This is a 24-year-old male with a right-sided testicular mass. Given the u/s results, this is most likely testicular carcinoma. The differential diagnosis also includes epididymitis, testicular torsion, hydrocele, spermatocele, and varicocele. Which of the following statements is NOT part of this patient's differential diagnosis, given this information?

Tumor in the organ that stores sperm

Translate the medical term choledochocele as literally as possible.

Tumor of the common bile duct

A person's belly button is in which region of the abdomen?

Umbilical region

HPI Mrs. Roxana Collach presented to the ED with a 2-day history of increasing epigastric pain. She described the pain as constant and dull with radiation to her back. She also had progressive anorexia. She denied nausea, emesis, or diarrhea. She was febrile in the ED and had marked epigastric tenderness on exam with guarding. Her abdomen was slightly distended, and she was mildly jaundiced. Her elevated amylase and lipase confirmed the suspicion of acute pancreatitis. She was admitted for pain control and IVF. Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

Upon examination the patient revealed tenderness in the lower center portion of the abdomen.

Translate the medical term ureterocele as literally as possible.

Ureter hernia

What is a hernia or prolapse of the urethra into the vagina?

Urethrocele

Hospital Course On arrival to the ED, Susan was alert and oriented, but she looked a little pale and tired. She was treated with IVF for dehydration and given antipyretics for her fever. Within an hour, she had improved some, but given her inability to tolerate PO, the pediatric on-call physician recommended that she be admitted. She was admitted for a UTI and treated with IV antibiotics, and a urine culture was sent. On hospital day 2, her fever had improved, and she was looking better overall. Unfortunately, on hospital day 3, Susan's fever returned, and she looked acutely ill. According to the health record information, for what was the patient admitted to the hospital?

Urinary tract infection

Build a medical term that means "painful urination."

Urodynia

Which term describes the downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina?

Uterine prolapse

Imaging VCUG: No VUR noted. RUS: No hydronephrosis noted. Normal. Spiral CT of kidneys on day 3 of admission revealed perinephric abscess formation of the left kidney.

VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

What is the correct pronunciation of the medical term venogram?

VEE-noh-gram

Translate the root colp/o.

Vagina

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation VH?

Vaginal hysterectomy: vagin (vagina) + al (pertaining to) + hyster (uterus) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of the uterus through the vagina

Which medical term means "inflammation of the blood vessels"?

Vasculitis

Which of the following drugs causes the relaxation or expansion of a blood vessel?

Vasodilator

Choose the correct translation of the root phleb/o.

Vein

Translate the root phleb/o.

Vein

Translate the term phlebalgia as literally as possible.

Vein pain

Which is the correct translation and definition of the abbreviation V/Q?

Ventilation-perfusion scan, a scan that tests whether a problem in the lungs is caused by airflow or blood flow

ASSESSMENT 1. Postop for VSD repair—routine postop orders and care. 2. When patient switches to PO, we will d/c IV ABx, and at discharge, she will continue antibiotics as needed for endocarditis prophylaxis. For what did this patient have an operation?

Ventricular septal defect

Which of the following does NOT mean inflammation of the testicle?

Vesiculitis

Translate the term angioedema as literally as possible.

Vessel swelling

Translate the term angioma as literally as possible.

Vessel tumor

Translate the root episi/o.

Vulva

Which medical term means "pain in the external genital organs of a female"?

Vulvodynia

Which is a correct use of abbreviations for the laboratory data shown below? OBJECTIVE Abd: Soft, nontender, nondistended. Mild hepatosplenomegaly. No masses. Neuro: CN II-XII grossly intact. No focal neurologic deficit. Ext: Distal left femur has mild edema and is tender to palpation. No erythema, warmth, or induration. Multiple palpable inguinal lymph nodes on the left. Skin: Scattered petechiae generalized over body, both above and below the midchest. Genitalia: SMR I male testes descended bilaterally. Laboratory Data: white blood count: 6,200 (20 neutrophils, 2 bands, 10 lymphocytes, 1 mono, 67 lymphoblasts); hemoglobin 10.1, hematocrit 30.6, platelet count 54,000.

WBC: 6,200 Hgb: 10.1 Hct: 30.6 PLT: 54,000

What is a hernia of the uterus and prolapse into the vagina?

What is a hernia of the uterus and prolapse into the vagina?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root lith/o?

When combined with the root ureter/o (ureterolith), it means a stone in the urine.

Which medical term means "inflammation of a heart valve"?

Which medical term means "inflammation of a heart valve"?

Which medical term means "inflammation of the perimetrium (tissue on the outside of the uterus; the outer layer of the uterus)"?

Which medical term means "inflammation of the perimetrium (tissue on the outside of the uterus; the outer layer of the uterus)"?

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term amenorrhea?

a (not) + meno (menstruation)+ rrhea (discharge) = no menstruation

OSA involves:

a condition where the patient ceases to breathe while asleep.

Emphysema is:

a disease that causes the alveoli to lose elasticity.

The superior vena cava is:

a large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body and returns it to the heart.

Which is the correct breakdown of the term atelectasis into its component parts?

a/tel/ectasis

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation ALL?

acute (sudden or severe) + lympho (lymph) + blast (immature) + ic (pertaining to) + leuk (white) + emia (blood condition) = sudden onset of a cancer of the white blood cells characterized by the overproduction of immature white blood cells (lymphoblasts)

Which of the following roots pertains to the upper respiratory system?

adenoid/o

Break the medical term aerodontalgia into its component parts.

aer/odont/algia

The force exerted by blood on the wall of blood vessels is:

all of these. abbreviated BP. called blood pressure. determined by both diastolic pressure, pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is relaxed, and systolic pressure, pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is contracted.

Which root refers to the innermost membrane covering the fetus?

amni/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term amniorrhea?

amnio (amnion) + rrhea (discharge) = discharge of amniotic fluid

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term amniorrhexis?

amnio (amnion) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of the amniotic sac (innermost membrane covering the fetus)

A murmur is:

an abnormal heart sound.

A varicose vein is:

an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin.

A cardiotocograph is:

an instrument for recording the fetal heart rate during contractions.

A bulge in a blood vessel is called a(n):

aneurysm.

Oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart is called:

angina pectoris.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term angiogenesis?

angio (vessel) + genesis (creation) = development of blood vessels

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term angiography?

angio (vessel) + graphy (writing procedure) = procedure to describe the blood vessels

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term angiorrhaphy?

angio (vessel) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of a vessel

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term angiocarditis into its component parts?

angio/card/itis

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term anosigmoidoscopy into its component parts?

ano/sigmoido/scopy

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term anticoagulant?

anti (against) + coagul (coagulation) + ant (agent) = drug that opposes the coagulation of the blood

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term antiarrhythmic into its component parts?

anti/a/rrhythm/ic

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortalgia?

aort (aorta) + algia (pain) = pain in the aorta

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortectasia?

aort (aorta) + ectasia (dilation) = dilation of the aorta

Flow of blood backward from the aorta into the heart, caused by a weak heart valve, and is called:

aortic regurgitation.

The narrowing of the aorta is known as:

aortic stenosis.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortogram?

aorto (aorta) + gram (record) = record of the aorta

Identify and define the root in the medical term aortolith.

aorto aorta

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arteriogram?

arterio (artery) + gram (record) = record of an artery

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arteriopathy?

arterio (artery) + pathy (disease) = disease of the arteries

Identify and define the root in the medical term arteriosclerosis.

arterio artery

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term bradytocia?

brady (slow) + toc (labor)+ ia (condition) = slow labor

The roots mast/o and mamm/o both mean:

breast.

Which term refers to the main branches from the trachea into each lung?

bronch/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the underlined medical term found in this patient's past medical history? Past Medical History: Cystic fibrosis; bronchiectasis.

bronchi (bronchus) + ectasis (expansion) = expansion of the bronchi

Tiny vessels are known as?

capillaries

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term celiomyositis?

celio (abdomen) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the abdominal muscle

Which root is used for the opening between the uterus and the vagina?

cervic/o

Translate the medical term cholangioma as literally as possible.

chol (bile) + angi (vessel) + oma (tumor) = tumor of the bile vessels (ducts located in the liver)

Which root refers to the outer membrane covering the fetus and connects the fetus to the wall of the uterus?

chori/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term chorioangioma?

chorio (chorion) + angi (vessel) + oma (tumor) = blood vessel tumor of the chorion (outer membrane covering the fetus)

Which word part refers to the blood's ability to form clots?

coagul/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term colostomy?

colo (colon) + stomy (opening) = creation of an opening in the colon

What root refers to the large intestine?

colon/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term colpopexy?

colpo (vagina) + pexy (binding) = binding of the vagina

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term coronary thrombosis?

coron (heart) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

Which root literally means "crown," and refers to the way the blood vessels that supply the heart descend and support the heart like a crown?

coron/o

The surgical removal of a coronary artery is called a(n):

coronary arterectomy.

Which of the following root is NOT used to refer to the chest?

cost/o

Identify and define the suffix in the medical term pseudocyesis.

cyesis- pregnancy

Which root is used to refer to the bladder?

cyst/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cystoplegia?

cysto (bladder) + plegia (paralysis) = bladder paralysis

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cystorrhexis?

cysto (bladder) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of the bladder

Imaging: Transabdominal ultrasound revealed significant postvoid residual. Consistent with bladder outlet obstruction. Cystoscopy to r/o urethral stricture was normal.

cysto (bladder) + scopy (looking procedure) = process for examining the bladder

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cytapheresis?

cyt (cell) + apheresis (separation) = "cell separation"; drawing of the patient's blood, removal of the cells, and then returning the rest of the blood to the patient's body

Identify and define the root in the medical term anisocytosis.

cyt cell

Which of the following roots is NOT part of the lymph system?

cyt/o

What is the correct breakdown and translation for the bolded term in the health record below? PLAN Hypertension, edema: We will begin Doug on diuretics and fluid restriction, as well as a low-sodium diet.

di (through) + uret (urine) + ic (pertaining to) = pertaining to urination

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term diaphragmatocele?

diaphragmato (diaphragm) + cele (hernia) = hernia of the diaphragm

What root refers to the first of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "twelve"?

duoden/o

Identify the correct pronunciation of the medical term elliptocyte.

ee-LIP-toh-SAIT

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term elliptocytosis into its component parts?

ellipto/cyt/osis

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term empyema?

em (in) + py (pus) + ema (condition) = pus inside the chest

A blockage in a blood vessel caused by a mass of matter in the blood is called a(n):

embolism

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term endarterectomy into its component parts?

end/arter/ectomy

The team found that she was bleeding in her bronchi and treated her with endobronchial electrocautery. Afterward, she was transferred to the ICU for further care. The patient was treated with endobronchial electrocautery. What is the correct breakdown and translation of this term?

endo (inside) + bronchi (bronchus) + al (pertaining to) + electro (electricity) +cauter (burn) + y (procedure) = cauterization of the inside of a bronchus using an electric current

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocardium?

endo (inside) + card (heart) + ium (tissue) = tissue lining the inside of the heart

According to the following Emergency Department Course excerpt, the patient was "intubated with an endotracheal tube." Emergency Department Course When she came to the ED, the patient was in acute respiratory distress. She was intubated with an endotracheal tube and placed on SIMV. A CXR verified correct placement in her trachea. What is the correct breakdown and translation of the term endotracheal?

endo (inside) + trache (trachea) + al (pertaining to) = pertaining to inside the trachea

Which of the following roots is part of the lower gastrointestinal tract?

enter/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term enterorrhaphy?

entero (intestine) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of the intestine

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term epicardium into its component parts?

epi/card/ium

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term erythrocytosis?

erythro (red) + cyt (cell) + osis (condition) = "red cell condition": abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells

What root refers to the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach?

esophag/o

Subjective Reason for Consult: Jaundice, RUQ pain. History of Present Illness: Ms. Renata Mendel is a 22-year-old woman well known to the gastroenterology service. She was initially diagnosed with ulcerative colitis 2 years previously. She had presented to her primary care provider at the time with a history of recurring bloody stools and constipation. The symptoms progressed to include fatigue and purulent rectal discharge, and she was referred to our clinic.

gastro (stomach) + entero (intestines) + logy (study) = study of the stomach and intestines

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term gastroenterocolitis into its component parts?

gastro/entero/col/itis

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term gingival hyperplasia?

gingiv (gum) + al (pertaining to) + hyper (over) + plasia (formation) = overformation of gum tissue

Identify and define the root in the term gingivectomy.

gingiv gums

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term gingivostomatitis?

gingivo (gum) + stomat (mouth) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the mouth and gums

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term glossorrhaphy?

glosso (tongue) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of the tongue

Identify and define the root in the term glossoplasty.

glosso tongue

A "sickle" is?

hard rigid shape

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hematology?

hemato (blood) + logy (study) = study of the blood

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hematopoiesis?

hemato (blood) + poiesis (formation) = formation of blood cells

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hemicolectomy?

hemi (half) + col (colon) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of the half (a portion) of the large intestine

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term heminephroureterectomy into its component parts?

hemi/nephro/ureter/ectomy

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hemolysis?

hemo (blood) + lysis (breakdown) = breakdown of blood cells

Identify and define the root in the medical term hemoptysis.

hemo blood

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term hemostatic?

hemo/static

Identify and define the root in the term hepaticotomy.

hepatico liver

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatomalacia?

hepato (liver) + malacia (softening) = softening of the liver

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatosclerosis?

hepato (liver) + scler (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the liver

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatosplenitis?

hepato (liver) + splen (spleen) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the liver and spleen

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypercoagulability?

hyper (over) + coagul (coagulation) + ability (ability) = increased ability of the blood to coagulate

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypermastia?

hyper (over) + mast (breast)+ ia (condition) = excessively large breasts (can also refer to an abnormal number of breasts)

Which is the correct breakdown of the term hyperventilation into its component parts?

hyper/ventil/ation

Which term refers to a well-defined portion of any organ?

lob/o

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term lymphedema?

lymph (lymph) + edema (swelling) = swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term mammoplasty?

mammo (breast) + plasty (reconstruction) = surgical reconstruction of a breast

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term meatorrhaphy?

meato (opening) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of the opening of the urethra

Read the health record information below: Subjective Mrs. Lana Pecos is a 47-year-old premenopausal woman with a chief complaint of heavy menses. For more than a year, she has experienced menstrual flow for 9 to 10 days every 2 to 3 weeks. She denies vaginal discharge and bleeding from her gums or in her stool. No easy bruising. If a normal menstrual cycle occurs every 21-35 days and lasts 2-7 days, according to the health record information, the patient is experiencing:

menorrhagia.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term microcephalus?

micro (small) + cephalus (head) = baby with a small head

Which root refers to the bone marrow?

myel/o

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term myelodysplasia into its component parts?

myelo/dys/plas/ia

The surgical removal of a tumor in the muscle (usually the muscle of the uterine wall) is called a(n):

myomectomy.

Which root means "to be born" and focuses on the baby?

nat/o

Identify and define the root in the medical term heminephrectomy.

nephr- kidney

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term nephropexy?

nephro (kidney) + pexy (fixation) = surgical fixation of a kidney

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term nephrosplenopexy?

nephro (kidney) + spleno (spleen) + pexy (surgical fixation) = surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney

The closing or blockage of a passage is called:

occlusion.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term odontectomy?

odont (tooth) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of a tooth

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term odontoclasis?

odonto (tooth) + clasis (break) = breaking of a tooth

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term oligohydramnios?

oligo (few) +hydr (water) + amnios (amnion) = not enough amniotic fluid

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term oligocythemia into its component parts?

oligo/cyt/hemia

What is the correct breakdown and translation for the underlined terms in the following Emergency Department Note excerpt? Emergency Department Course Ms. Miller arrived at the emergency department in mild discomfort. An IV was started, and she was treated with IV fluids for mild dehydration. Ms. Miller was also given an antiemetic and ibuprofen. A rapid hCG test to rule out ectopic pregnancy was negative. A swab of Ms. Miller's purulent vaginal discharge revealed leukorrhea. We performed a transvaginal sonography. Suspicion for pelvic inflammatory disorder was confirmed by findings of enlarged ovaries consistent with oophoritis, endometritis, and hydrosalpinx. Results for chlamydia reinfection and gonorrhea are still pending.

oophoritis: oophor (ovary) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of an ovary endometritis: endo (inside) + metr (uterus) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the endometrium hydrosalpinx: hydro (water) + salpinx (fallopian tube) = blockage in a fallopian tube caused by water (or any clear fluid)

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term oophorocystosis?

oophoro (ovary) + cyt (cyst)+ osis (condition) = ovarian cysts

Identify and define the root in the medical term orchidotomy.

orchido- testicle

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term orthodontist into its component parts?

ortho/dont/ist

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term osteomyelitis?

osteo (bone) + myel (bone marrow) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

Identify and define the root in the medical term ovarialgia.

ovari- ovary

Translate the medical term ovariocyesis as literally as possible.

ovario (ovary) + cyesis (pregnancy) = ectopic pregnancy in an ovary

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term ovariorrhexis?

ovario (ovary) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of an ovary

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term ovariostomy?

ovario (ovary) + stomy (opening) = creation of an opening into an ovary

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term phlebarteriectasia into its component parts?

phleb/arteri/ectasia

Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term phlebosclerosis?

phlebo/scler/osis

A specialist in drawing blood is called a:

phlebotomist.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term pleurodynia?

pleuro (pleura) + dynia (pain) = pain in the pleura (membrane surrounding the lungs)

Which is the correct breakdown of the term pneumoconiosis into its component parts?

pneumo/coni/osis

Identify and define the root in the term pneumonia.

pneumon lung

The surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles is called:

prostatovesiculectomy.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term pulmonary edema?

pulmon (lung) + ary (pertaining to) + edema (swelling) = swelling in the lungs

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term pulmonary neoplasm?

pulmon (lung) + ary (pertaining to) + neo (new) + plasm (formation) = new growth (tumor) in the lung

Patient: Susan Nesbit Date of Admission: 7/7/2015 Date of Discharge: 7/17/2015 Admission Diagnosis 1. Dysuria 2. Fever Discharge Diagnosis 1. Pyelonephritis 2. Perinephric Abscess Discharge Condition: Stable Consultations Nephrology Urology

pyelo (pelvis) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyeloplasty?

pyelo (pelvis) + plasty (reconstruction) = surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyelocystostomosis?

pyelo (renal pelvis) + cysto (bladder) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition) = creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyeloureterectasia?

pyelo (renal pelvis) + ureter (ureter) + ectasia (dilation) = dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyonephrolithiasis?

pyo (pus) + nephro (kidney) + lith (stone) + iasis (presence) = presence of pus and stones in the kidney

chapter 8

questions start here

An ESR measures how quickly ________ settle in a test tube.

red blood cells

A lung disorder caused by the limiting of air into the lungs is called a(n):

restrictive lung disorder.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term rhinorrhagia?

rhino (nose) + rrhagia (excessive bleeding) = excessive bleeding from the nose (another term for nosebleed)

What is the correct pronunciation for the medical term salpingocele?

sal-PING-goh-seel

Translate the medical term salpingocyesis as literally as possible.

salpingo (fallopian tube) + cyesis (pregnancy) = ectopic pregnancy in a fallopian tube