Review Questions - NCLEX - Chapter 14

A nurse is caring for a child who has depression. Which of the following findings are associated with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)

B. CORRECT: Weight loss or gain are findings associated with depression. C. CORRECT: Low self-esteem is a finding associated with depression. D. CORRECT: Sleeping more than usual is a finding associated with depression.

A nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has pediculosis capitis. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

C. CORRECT: Pediculosis capitis is treated with 1% permethrin, which can be purchased over the counter.

A common characteristic of those who sexually abuse children is which of the following?

Pressure victim into secrecy . (Sex offenders may pressure the victim into secrecy, referring to the activity as a "secret between us" that other people may take away if they find out. The offender may be anyone, from a family member to a stranger at any level of society. Sex offenders are usually trusted acquaintances of the victims and victims' families. Many victims are abused many times over a long period)

Which of the following is descriptive of a parent who is an abuser?

s likely a single parent or from a young parent family.(Younger parents and single parents are at higher risk to be abusers. Abusive families are often socially isolated and have few support systems. They often have additional stressors such as low-income circumstances and little education)

A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a child who has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The nurse should include which of the following as a characteristic of impulsivity?

B. CORRECT: Frequently interrupting is a characteristic of impulsivity.

A nurse is teaching a parent about posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Which of the following should be included in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A. CORRECT: Children who have PTSD should be referred to psychotherapy to assist with resolution of the traumatic event. B. CORRECT: The child who is experiencing PTSD often has new phobias that can be related to the traumatic event. D. CORRECT: PTSD develops following a traumatic event such as assault, serious injury, or a life‑threatening episode.

A nurse is assessing an infant who has eczema. Which of the following are clinical manifestations of eczema in an infant? (Select all that apply.)

A. CORRECT: Generalized distribution is a clinical manifestation found in infants who have eczema. B. CORRECT: Papules are a clinical manifestation found in infants who have eczema. C. INCORRECT: Clusters are a clinical manifestation found in children who have eczema. D. CORRECT: Crusting lesions are a clinical manifestation found in infants who have eczema. E. INCORRECT: Lichenification is a clinical manifestation found in children who have eczema.

A nurse is planning care for a child who has tinea capitis. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

A. CORRECT: Tinea capitis can be transmitted from household pets to persons. Therefore, pets should be treated, if infected. B. CORRECT: Selenium sulfide shampoo is recommended for use for children who have tinea capitis. C. INCORRECT: A topical antifungal medication is recommended for children who have tinea capitis. D. INCORRECT: Tinea capitis is a fungal infection. Therefore, antifungal medications are administered. E. INCORRECT: Moist, warm compresses are applied for bacterial skin infections and not recommended for children who have tinea capitis.

2. A nurse is teaching a group of parents about preventing insect bites. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A. INCORRECT: Perfumes attract insects and should be avoided. B. CORRECT: Insects live in tall grasses; therefore, these areas should be avoided. C. INCORRECT: Bright colored clothing attracts insects and should be avoided. D. CORRECT: Insect repellent should be applied to prevent insect bites. E. CORRECT: House pets should be inspected and treated for insects to prevent exposing family members.

A nurse is assessing an infant who has scabies. Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply.)

A. INCORRECT: Presence of nits on the hair shaft is a clinical manifestation of pediculosis capitis. B. CORRECT: Pencil-like marks on hands is a clinical manifestation of scabies. C. CORRECT: Blisters on the soles of the feet is a clinical manifestation of scabies. D. INCORRECT: Bluish-gray skin color is a clinical manifestation of pediculosis pubis. E. CORRECT: Pimples on the trunk is a clinical manifestation of scabies.

A nurse is caring for a child who has contact dermatitis due to poison ivy. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

A.CORRECT: Removing the irritant from the skin will decrease the exposure. Therefore, removing the clothing over the rash should be included in the plan of care. E. CORRECT: Calamine lotion will assist in relieving discomfort and should be included in the plan of care.

What is the first step in the emergency treatment of poisoning in a child?

Assess the child (The initial step in treating a poisoning is to assess the child. Then treat immediate life-threatening conditions and initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation if indicated. Locating the poison, preventing absorption of the poison, and terminating exposure to the toxic substance are important but none of these is the first step.)

A nurse is providing instruction to the teacher of a child who has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following classroom strategies should be included in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

B. CORRECT: Allowing for regular breaks will assist the client who has ADHD to focus on the required tasks. C. CORRECT: Combining verbal instruction with visual cues will assist the client who has ADHD with learning information. D. CORRECT: Providing consistent classroom rules will assist the client who has ADHD to become successful. E. CORRECT: Stimuli in the environment distract the client who has ADHD, so they should be decreased.

A 7-year-old child has ingested a toxic dose of iron. The parent reports that the child vomited and had gastric pain an hour ago but "feels fine" now. The parent is not sure when the child ingested the iron tablets. The nurse should recommend which of the following?

Bring the child to the hospital immediately (The critical period for observation after the ingestion of iron is 30 minutes to 6 hours. The child has had gastric pain, which may be symptomatic of toxicity, and needs to be monitored and possibly receive medical intervention. Although activated charcoal may be necessary, evaluation is indicated first. The child needs to be evaluated immediately. Ipecac is not recommended after the ingestion of toxic substances)

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has acne and is prescribed isotretinoin 13-cis-retinoic acid (Amnesteem). Which of the following laboratory findings should be monitored?

CORRECT: Adverse effects of 13-cis-retinoic acid include elevated cholesterol and triglycerides; therefore, these laboratory findings should be monitored.

A nurse is caring for an infant who has diaper dermatitis. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

CORRECT: Allowing the buttocks to air dry facilitates thorough drying of the skin and should be included in the plan of care. CORRECT: Zinc oxide ointment protects the skin from moisture and irritation and should be included in the plan of care.

A nurse is caring for a child who has cellulitis on the hand. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?

CORRECT: Hot compresses increase circulation and promote healing, and are an appropriate action for the nurse to take. B. INCORRECT: Cleansing with Burow's solution is recommended for impetigo contagiosa or herpes simplex virus. C. INCORRECT: Cryotherapy is recommended for human papillomavirus. D. INCORRECT: Cellulitis is a bacterial infection and requires antibiotic therapy.

A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has seborrheic dermatitis. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

CORRECT: The cause of seborrheic dermatitis is unknown. The condition is not contagious; therefore, this should be included in the teaching.

Which of the following is a characteristic of children with depression?

Change in appetite, resulting in weight loss or gain (Physiologic characteristics of children with depression include a change in appetite resulting in weight loss or gain, nonspecific complaints of not feeling well, alterations in sleeping pattern (insomnia or hypersomnia), and constipation. Children who are depressed have sad facial expressions with an absence or diminished range of affective response. Children who are depressed lack interest in doing homework or achieving in school, resulting in lower grades. These children withdraw from previously enjoyed activities and engage in solitary play or work. Schoolwork is not replaced by play)

A nurse is teaching a group of parents about infants who have failure to thrive. Which of the following characteristics should be included in the teaching?

D. CORRECT: Infants who have failure to thrive exhibit developmental delays as a result of decreased nutritional intake needed for brain development.

A young child is being treated for giardiasis. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to the child's parent?

Handwashing will be important to prevent transmission to other family members. (Proper handwashing technique is important to prevent transmission of the parasite to other family members. If a child with giardiasis is in a pool, contamination of the entire pool is a possibility. Treatment may be indicated for up to 1 month to treat parasites that have hatched since treatment began. It is imperative to promote fluid intake to prevent dehydration in the child, so withholding fluids is not an appropriate recommendation)

Which of the following is the causative agent for erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)?

Human parvovirus B19. (The human parvovirus B19 is the causative agent. Mumps is caused by paramyxovirus organisms. The human herpesvirus type 6 is the virus responsible for exanthema subitum (roseola). Group A α-hemolytic streptococci infection causes scarlet fever)

A mother calls the school nurse saying that her daughter has developed school phobia. She has been out of school for 3 days. The nurse's recommendations should include which of the following?

Immediately return the child to school (he primary goal is to return the child to school. Parents must be convinced gently, but firmly, that immediate return is essential and that it is their responsibility to insist on school attendance. The longer the child is permitted to stay out of school, the more difficult it will be for the child to reenter. This will only delay the return to school and inhibit the child's ability to cope. Professional counseling is recommended if the problem persists, but the child's return to school should not wait for the counseling.)

Which of the following is the most frequent source of symptomatic lead poisoning in children?

Lead-based paint. (Lead-based paint in houses built before 1978 is the most frequent source of lead poisoning. Some folk remedies and unglazed pottery may contain lead, but they are not the most frequent source. Cigarette butts and ashes do not contain lead.)

Which of the following is an important consideration when the nurse is discussing enuresis with the parents of a young child?

The child should be encouraged to take charge of treatment interventions(Because any treatment involves and requires the child's active participation, the child is in charge of the interventions, and the parents should learn to support the child rather than intervene. Enuresis is more common in boys than in girls, and it has a strong family tendency. Psychogenic factors may influence enuresis, but it is doubtful that they are causative)

The nurse is assessing a child with herpetic gingivostomatitis. In determining whether to wear gloves, the nurse bases the decision on which of the following?

This virus easily enters breaks in the skin(The herpes simplex virus is highly contagious and can easily enter breaks in the skin of the hands. Although the nurse can decide not to wear gloves, this is a violation of universal precautions because contact with the oral mucosa may take place. Herpetic gingivostomatitis is present in the lesions and is easily spread. )