Rock and Minerals Study Guide

Granite is a kind of A. energy B. fossil C. rock D. mineral

C. rock

When limestone is exposed to enough heat and pressure, it goes through physical changes. These changes can turn limestone into a different kind of rock called marble. Which of these BEST describes marble? A. It is an igneous rock. B. It is a synthetic rock. C. It is a sedimentary rock. D. It is a metamorphic rock.

D. It is a metamorphic rock.

Igneous rocks form from A. sediment B. mud C. gravel D. magma

D. magma

How do active volcanoes located on islands create more land area on these islands? A. Lava from volcanoes cools and hardens, forming more land. B. Lava from volcanoes melts through old rocks, exposing more land. C. heat from volcanoes causes the ocean to evaporate, exposing more land. D. Heat from volcanoes causes minerals in seawater to condense, forming more land.

A. Lava from volcanoes cools and hardens, forming more land.

Extrusive rocks have small grains because they-- A. cool quickly B. harden underground C. contain rare minerals D. have a rough mixture.

A. cool quickly

Mineral Hardness Way Breaks Luster Streak Color Galena 2.5 Cleavage Metallic Gray Silver Magnetite 6 Fracture Metallic Black Black Hematite 6 Fracture Metallic Red Red Use the chart above to answer this question: Susan wants to identify a dark, heavy mineral sample she found in the classroom collection. She notices there are three minerals in a chart in a reference book that might match her sample. Susan next observes that her sample mineral has flat, reflective surface that breaks into boxlike steps. She infers the mineral may be galena. If she is correct, one more test will verify her inference. Which property would do best for her to observe next? A. hardness B. luster C. streak D. color

A. hardness

Extrusive rocks are formed by A. magma cooling on Earth's surface. B. pressures inside Earth. C. the attraction of magnetic particles. D. Tidal deposits of sediment

A. magma cooling on Earth's surface.

The formation of metamorphic rocks depends on all of the following EXCEPT... A. the composition of the parent rocks. B. Earth's magnetic field. C. temperature. D. pressure

B. Earth's magnetic field

This intrusive igneous rock is dark in color and contains minerals that are high in iron and magnesium. Based on this information what type of igneous rock is this? A. slate B. gabbro C. obsidian D. rhyolite

B. gabbro

Which is a mineral? A. glass B. graphite C. magma D. marble

B. graphite

Rocks found on Earth are generally classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous. On which basis are these classifications made? A. where the rocks are found B. how the rocks were formed C. the color and shape of the rocks D. the chemical composition of the rocks

B. how the rocks were formed

The major process that wears down whole mountain ranges is A. earthquakes. B. weathering. C. plate movement. D. silt deposition.

B. weathering.

During a summer vacation in Hawaii, Carlos found several rock samples to share with his Earth Science class. Most of the rocks were black, containing only a few light-colored crystals. All of the crystals were large and the rocks had a coarse texture. Based on this information which of the following statements is true about the rocks Carlos found? A. the rocks were obsidian. B. The rocks were extrusive. C. The rocks were intrusive. D. The rocks were metamorphic.

C. The rocks were intrusive.

Sedimentary rocks can be converted into magma by undergoing which of the following processes? A. weathering and erosion B. cooling and crystallization C. heat and pressure D. compaction and cementation

C. heat and pressure

What type of rock results from the cooling of lava from a volcano? A. sedimentary B. bituminous C. igneous D. metamorphic

C. igneous

Which kind of rock is formed when volcanic lava cools? A. sedimentary B. metamorphic C. igneous D. magma

C. igneous

When rocks undergo weathering, they become A. magma B. igneous rocks. C. sediment. D. volcanic cones

C. sediment

Which is not part of the definition of a mineral... A. naturally occurring B. definite composition C. solid D. organic

D. organic

What type of rock is sandstone? A. igneous B. metamorphic C. ferromagnetic D. sedimentary

D. sedimentary

Sedimentary rocks are not found on the Moon because A. there is no silicon on the Moon. B. lava flows are missing from the surface. C. the Moon's gravity is too weak. D. there is no weathering on the Moon.

D. there is no weathering on the Moon.