Rocks

Sedimentary rock formed from rock fragments is called?

clastic rock

They crystallize on the surface of the earth

extrusive

.The splitting of slate into flat layers illustrates its

foliation

Light-colored igneous rocks are part of the family called?

granite

Contact metamorphism is a result of?

hot magma

The process in which rock changes from one type to another and back again is called?

rock cycle

Ex: of unfoliated metamorphic rocks

sandstone, limestone, quartzite, and marble

pieces of other rock packed and cemented.

sedimentary rocks

Rock that is formed from magma is called?

Igneous

Which major type of rock igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic forms from magma that cools and hardens?

Igneous rock. The word igneous is derived from a Latin term meaning "from fire." Igneous rock forms when magma cools and hardens. Magma is called lava if it cools at the earth's surface.

What type of igneous rocks have bigger crystals

Intrusive

Facts about Intrusive rocks

Intrusive rocks are hotter and cool slower

An unidentified light-colored igneous rock is made up of orthoclase, feldspar, and quartz. To what family of igneous rocks does it belong? Explain your answer.

It belongs to GRANITE

Lava flows out into flat layer

Lava plateau

IF changed by heat pressure and/or chemical reaction

METAMORPHIC

What determines whether an igneous rock will have large crystals or small crystals?

The slower cooling of magma makes larger crystals and the rapid cooling will produce smaller crystals.

doesn't have layers

Unfoliated

Any rock can?

change into any other type if conditions are correct/right.

LAYERED rocks (sometimes Different colors)

Stratification

The layers are often called...

"Beds"

Regional metamorphism

-Covers a very large area -Caused by plate tectonics -Pressure-main factor

IF it melts or recrystallizes

IGNEOUS

Large Crystals

INTRUSIVE

Contact Metamorphism

-More localized -Occurs when rock touches magma/or lava (think of when you cook steak...when you cook steak it doesn't melt but juice comes out...IT DOESN'T MELT BUT COOKED STEAK IS DIFFERENT THAN RAW STEAK) -Heat-main factor

Which would be easier to break, the foliated rock slate or the unfoliated rock quartzite? Explain your answer.

A foliated rock because the minerals in foliated rock are lined and parallel inside the rock.

What is the rock cycle?

Any rock can change into any other type if conditions are correct/right.

Mafic= Dark colored......EXTRUSIVE

BASALT

Huge body of Igneous rock

Batholith

What are some Igneous Rock Formations?

Batholith, Sill, Dike, and Lava Plateau

ENTIRELY MADE UP OF SHELLS STUCK TOGETHER.

COQUINA (don't need to identify just need to know definition

Which major type of rock forms from other rocks as a result of intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes?

Certain forces and processes including tremendous pressure, extreme heat, and chemical processes, also can change the form of existing rock. The existing rock can thus be changed into a third type of rock, called metamorphic rock.

Why less likely to have fossils in Metamorphic rocks?

Changed by heat, pressure, and chemical reaction

produced from rock material that was once dissolved in water EX: LIMESTONE is produced by chemical reaction.

Chemical

actually pieces of other rock. EX: Conglomerate, Sandstone, and Shale

Clastic

formed by chemical reaction and produce round structures

Concretions

Beds that are in layers that cross

Cross Bedding

Thin igneous bodies that cut through layers rock layers

Dike

Small to no crystals

EXTRUSIVE

Facts about extrusive rocks

Extrusive rocks are cooler are cool down faster

thin layers liked piled free leaves

Foliated

remains of once living things preserved in rock

Fossils

Mafic= Dark colored...INTRUSIVE term-25

GABBRO

Liquid deposit minerals In holes in rock

Geodes

DARK AND LIGHT STRIPED/SWIRLS

Gneiss

Felsic= Light colored.....INTRUSIVE

Granite

Name the two families of igneous rocks.

Granite and Basalt

What is a batholith?

HUGE BODY OF IGNEOUS ROCK

The sedimentary rock limestone is changed into marble' a metamorphic rock. Name three processes that cause this change.

Heat, Pressure, and melting

Main cause of Unfoliated Metamorphic rocks?

Heat, pressure, and/or chemical reaction

Main cause of Foliated Metamorphic Rocks?

Heat, pressure, and/or chemical reaction

Does every rock go through the complete rock cycle, from igneous rock to sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock and back to igneous rock, each time around? Explain your answer.

No, All the rocks in the earth's crust have probably passed through the rock cycle many times during the earth's history. However, as a a particular body of rock doesn't always pass through each stage of the complete rock cycle. For example, Igneous rock may never be exposed at the earth's surface where it would be changed sediments.

cools so quickly that it forms volcanic glass

Obsidian

From LIVING things Limestone (from seashells) ; Coal= dead swamp thing

Organic

begin to crystalize underground then erupt and finish crystalizing. Has both small AND large crystals. EX: DIAMONDS

Porphyry

The pore spaces (known as vesicles) are a clue to how it forms. The vesicles are actually gas bubbles that were trapped in the rock during the rapid cooling of a gas-rich frothy magma. The material cools so quickly that atoms in the melt are not able to arrange themselves into a crystalline structure.

Pumice

KNOW....

ROCKS DO CHANGE!!! KNOW THE THREE TYPES OF ROCKS

Felsic= Light colored......EXTRUSIVE

RYOLITE

Which major type of rock is composed of cemented fragments of rock or minerals?

Rock, minerals, and organic matter that have been broken into fragments are known as sediment. Sediment is carried away and deposited by water, ice ,and wind. When sediment deposits harden after being compressed and cemented together, they form a second type of rock. This type of rock is called sedimentary rock.

Why less likely to have fossils in igneous rocks?

Rocks must melt

IF little pieces are compacted and cemented

SEDIMENTARY

Ex: of Foliated Metamorphic rocks?

Shale, Slate, Schist, and Gneiss

Thin igneous that is PARALLEL to existing rock layers

Sill (think of a window sill)

What are the 3 main types of rocks?

igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary

they crystallize inside the earth

intrusive

What are the two types of igneous rocks?

intrusive and extrusive

one example of an extrusion is a?

lava plateau

How do igneous rocks form?

molten rock

Regional metamorphism are results of?

plate movement