S 212 Wildland Chainsaw
What is the command when starting your saw?
"Starting Up"
First 2 cuts are known as the ______ cut
Undercut
Stump/low stumping
Use wedges to avoid your bar becoming pinched. Twigs also work.
Master Link
Joins both ends of chain together (yellow) No more than 2 per chain
How do you mitigate Leaners?
Boaring backcut Triangle Cut
Chaps should be treated as a _______ piece of PPE
Critical
Cutting End Binds
Cut from Top-Down w/wedges
2 approved gas canisters?
MSR Sigg
Spring Pole Cutting
Make a series of shallow cuts less than 1/2 diameter of tree/limb, 1/2' apart, compression side
Most common fuel container?
Dolmar
Banking
Stacking of cut material on the side of the fireline opposite of fire edge
What are the 3 cutting sequences of chains
Standard (Full Comp) Left hand cutter-tie strap-Right hand cutter Semi-Skip Left- 2tie strap-right, Left- 1 tie strap-Right Skip (Full Skip) Left hand cutter, 2x tie straps, Right hand cutter
Semi-Chisel Characteristics
Stays sharp longer Tolerates dirt/dust
Drive Link
Fits in bar & sprocket. Power head drives the "drive link" Draws Bar Oil
T/F Always place the fuel container on a grounded surface 10' away from any ignition source
True
T/F Do not start the saw closer than 10' from the fueling area
True
T/F Outdoor refueling requires you to be 20' away from a open flame?
True
4 rules before adjusting tension on saw chain
1. Turn off 2. Gloves 3. Cool in Temp 4. Re-check after every fuel cycle
Speed rating for Chaps
3200 feet per min chain speed
Escape Path should be at least______
8ft
Containers must be filled at what %
90% capacity
Weekly Saw Maintenance
- Anti Vibration - Clutch - File Bar prn - Check Spark Plug - Starter Assembly - Flywheel Fins - Cooling Fins on Cylinder - Clean Muffler Screen (carbon buildup) - Clean Carburetor body - Replace Screen mesh if exceeds 0.025"
How do you mitigate Hangups?
- Chunking down (long dicking) - Accordion - Explosives - Rigging - Driving trees over with other trees - Equipment
Tree Felling Techniques
- Conventional (primarily used Westcoast) - Humboldt (Large Trees) - Open Face Notch (Eastern Hardwood) - Birds Mouth -Directional Felling - Directional Felling of Small Trees w/Wedges - Felling Snags
How to avoid Kickback
-Hold saw with both hands (front handlebar & rear handle) - Don't cut with the top half of the guide bar nose - Nose never contacts objects - Power Head never above shoulders -Never overreach - Good stance - Use Sharp Chain - Lock left elbow - Use a low kickback chain
Daily Saw Maintenance
1. Remove Bar/Chain for inspection 2. Air Filter 3. Muffler/Spark Arrester 4. Inspect Power Head (loose bolts) 5. Replace bar/chain if needed 6. Safety Features (black in color)
What are the 5 elements of the tree felling process:
1. Sizeup & Creating Felling Plan 2. Establish Cutting Area Control 3. Undercut 4. Backcut w/wedging 5. Exiting Safely
Snap Test on Chain Tension is how much?
1/8" of free play
Crown fires require removal of canopy, whats the minimum canopy clearance?
18-20 ft
NFPA for Chaps
1977
Cutting Bottom Binds
1st Cut offside 2nd Partial Cut to Compression side (Bottom) 3rd Cut Top going down
Cutting Top Binds
1st Cut offside 2nd Partial cut to Compression side (top) 3rd Cut Bottom going up
Cutting Side Binds
1st Pie Cut (Compression Side) 2nd Release cut (Tension Side)
Cutting area should be how big?
2 1/2 size of tree being cut
What type of carburetor do chain saws have?
2 Stage (you can run it in any position)
Set the brake if you're traveling more than ________
2 Steps
Chaps must stop a chain in how many seconds?
5 sec
Turn saw off if you're traveling more than ______
50'
What temp do nylon chaps melt?
500 deg F
Allow the saw to cool for how long before re-fueling?
5min
Swamper Responsibilities
Assists with cutting area control and establishing fireline Moves Cut material
Last cut is known as _______
Backcut
What is Pull In
Bottom Bar is pinched & Stops (saw pulls forward)
Cant Hook vs. Peaveys
Cant Hook: Roll logs Peaveys: Pry logs onto blocks, avoid pinching while bucking.
Monthly Saw Maintenance
Chain Brake Clutch Spring Fuel Filter Flush Fluids Cables & Switches
3 most common types of saw chains
Chipper Chisel Semi Chisel
Does Complexity trump Size?
Complexity trumps size
What is the job the depth gauge (raker)
Determines depth of cut
Blue discoloration on bar is due to:
Excessive Heat
2 Parts of the Undercut
Gunning Cut (Horizontal Cut) Matching Cut (Sloping Cut)
Typically how do you choose a wedge?
Half the size of tree diameter.
PPE for Chainsaw Work
Hardhat Eye Protection (ANSI approved) Foot Protection Gloves Hearing Protection 85 decibles min Long Sleeve Pants Chaps Fire Shelter First Aid Kit Bar Cover Whistle
Components of Go/No Go
Hazards Clearance Hinge Snags Top Platform (wedges) Escape
What determines the direction the tree will fall?
Hinge
Tie Strap
Holds saw chain together (special link)
How do you clean chaps?
Hose and Brush 1:10 Citrosqueeze (soak 1/2hr) Rinse Heavy Soiled: soak over night
3 carburetor adjustments: (H I L)
Idle Speed Low speed High speed
What is JHA
Job Hazard Analysis (describes the potential job hazards of the worksite, along with all agency policies, controls, and work practices selected to minimize those hazards.
Who signs off on the JHA?
Job Leader & Supervisor
Spring Poles
Limbs bent over and under tension
What should you after the under cut/before your back cut?
Loud announcement that your dropping a tree.
Boring
Method of using the bottom half of the guide bar nose to saw into the tree while felling or bucking
MIST
Minimal Impact Suppression Tactics
Chain Saw Operator Responsibilites
Monitor Fire Creates Disposal Sites for Cut Material
Chisel Characteristics
Most aggressive Fastest with Clean Wood Round & Square design Dulls Fastest
Chipper Characteristics
Most versatile Easiest to file
NFPA for Fuel containers?
NFPA 30
Windows
Natural Openings in the fuels, used as disposal sites for cut material
Can you drop start a saw?
No
When staring a saw, is the break on/off?
On
Progressive vs Leap Frog Line Construction
Progressive- Each saw team cuts a "swath" (strip) of fireline. HEAVY Fuels Leap Frog- Each saw team has 1 chain of fuel and bump up as they complete their chain. LIGHT FUELS/Mop Up
Keyholes
Openings cut into continuous fuels, used to dispose cut material
When ordering replacement saw chain, you must know what 3 things?
Pitch (Measure between 2 rivets divided by 2) Gauge (Drive Link Thickness) Number of Drivers
What do you do if you dont feel comfortable with the felling assignment?
Refuse Operation Seek advise from more experienced faller
Dragging
Removing cut material by dragging
Throwing
Removing cut material by throwing it (black in the black, green in the green)
Chaining
Removing cut material from one person to the next person
Falling Plan Outline
Risk Analysis Key Locations (cuts & working area) Primary Escape Route Equipment Check Wedging Plan Cutting Area Control
What is RA
Risk Assessment Same as JHA
Offside
Side the log may move to when cut 1st Cut
3 Angles of Saw Chain (STDepression)
Side-Plate angle Top-plate cutting angle Depth gauge
2 Types of Wedges
Single Taper (designed for lift) Double Taper (designed to reduce bind)
2 most common bars?
Solid Nose (Tip) Sprocket Nose (Roller Tip)
What does the JHA cover?
Task/Procedure to be accomplished Hazards Abatement (reducing the hazard) Emergency Evacuation Procedures (flying pt out) First Aid Emergency Evacuation Plan PPE
Is the last cut made to the compression or tension side?
Tension
4 Methods of moving cut material (T BCD)
Throwing Banking Chaining Dragging
What is the Go/No Go Checklist?
Tool for helping sawyers evaluate if a cutting situation is within their skill set and/or certification.
What is Push Back?
Top Bar is pinched (Saw pulls toward sawyer)
What is Kickback
When the upper quadrant of the bar nose contacts a solid object/pinched. (Saw if forced up and back in)
What is Blowdown?
Winds have uprooted a tree