S & C (5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11)

During prolonged activity in hot weather, an athlete should consume a sport drink that meets which of the following guidelines? a. 5-10% of carbohydrate b. 0-5 °C (32-41 °F) c. 200-300 mEq of sodium per liter d. 12-15 mEq of potassium per liter

a. 5-10% of carbohydrate

Which of the following explains the differences in aerobic power between men and women who are matched by age? a. Women have a higher percentage of body fat. b. Women have higher blood hemoglobin values. c. Men have a smaller heart size. d. Men have a smaller blood volume.

a. Women have a higher percentage of body fat.

Which of the following is an effect of the Frank-Starling mechanism? a. increased cardiac emptying b. decreased stretch of the myocardial fibers c. decreased volume of systolic ejection d. increased parasympathetic stimulation

a. increased cardiac emptying

Which of the following is a macronutrient? a. protein b. fiber c. sodium d. water

a. protein

Which of the following physiological characteristics decreases as an adaptation to aerobic endurance training? a. resting cardiac output b. resting arteriovenous oxygen difference c. maximal fiber shortening velocity d. maximal stroke volume

a. resting cardiac output

______________ is the enlargement of muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and _______________ is the increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitudinal fiber splitting. a. Muscle density; hypoplasia b. Hypertrophy; hyperplasia c. Hypertrophy; muscle density d. Hyperplasia; hypoplasia

b. Hypertrophy; hyperplasia

Which of the following is a relaxation technique that has been shown to be useful in injured and older athletes? a. progressive muscular relaxation b. autogenic training c. systematic desensitization d. counterconditioning

b. autogenic training

Which of the following is a symptom specific to nonfunctional overreaching? a. altered neuron function b. decreased muscle glycogen c. decreased force production d. altered sympathetic activity

b. decreased muscle glycogen

Which of the following is a potential marker of aerobic overtraining? a. decreased submaximal exercise heart rate b. decreased total testosterone concentration c. increased heart rate variability d. increased body fat percentage

b. decreased total testosterone concentration

What is the MET equivalent of a of 55.0 ml·kg-1·min-1? a. 192.5 b. 55.0 c. 15.7 d. 2.1

c. 15.7

An athlete training for a marathon averages around 95 minutes of training a day at 75% of her If she weighs 126 pounds (57 kg), what is her minimum recommended daily intake of carbohydrate? a. 85.5 g b. 285 g c. 456 g d. 570 g

c. 456 g

Minimal essential strain is the minimal threshold stimulus needed to cause which of the following changes? a. tendon formation b. muscular development c. bone formation d. hormone production

c. bone formation

Which of the following conditions is defined as having diluted blood sodium levels (<130 mmol/L)? a. hypohydration b. hypernatremia c. hyponatremia d. euhydration

c. hyponatremia

As an adaptation to anaerobic training, which of the following is the benefit of the myotatic reflex harnessing the involuntary elastic properties of muscle? a. decreased reflex magnitude b. decreased reflex potentiation c. increased force production d. increased energy expenditure

c. increased force production

All of the following factors affect the degree to which blood flow is increased in the working muscles during anaerobic training EXCEPT a. amount of load lifted b. number of repetitions performed c. resting heart rate of the athlete d. size of the muscle mass activated

c. resting heart rate of the athlete

Which of the following describes how the individual zones of optimal functioning theory differs from the inverted-U theory? a. Athletes experience poor performance when feeling flat or underaroused. b. A specific emotion generates enhanced performance in all athletes. c. Athletes experience poor performance when feeling too "amped up." d. Ideal performance does not always occur at the midpoint of the arousal continuum.

d. Ideal performance does not always occur at the midpoint of the arousal continuum.

______ anxiety is the actual experience of apprehension and uncontrolled arousal and ______ anxiety is a personality characteristic, which represents a latent disposition to perceive situations as threatening. a. Somatic, cognitive b. Trait, state c. Cognitive, somatic d. State, trait

d. State, trait

A deficiency in which of the following nutrients is the most prevalent nutrition deficiency worldwide and can cause weakness, fatigue, and decreased exercise capacity? a. calcium b. B12 c. protein d. iron

d. iron

A coach informs the team running a 40-yard (37 m) sprint that she would like everyone to complete the first trial in under 4.8 seconds. This coach is providing what kind of feedback to her athletes? a. intrinsic b. instructional c. analysis of practice d. knowledge of results

d. knowledge of results

What are the five main primary methods of incorporating a practice structure and schedule into an athlete's program? a. segmentation, whole, repetitive part, random, observational b. part, random, pure-part, observational, progressive-part c. observational, explicit, fractionalization, random, variable d. whole, part, random, variable, observational

d. whole, part, random, variable, observational