Saunders - Lab Tests

The nurse is reviewing the white blood cell (WBC) count and differential on a client and notes that the results indicate a left shift. What are the possible indications for these laboratory results? Select all that apply. 1.The total number of WBCs 2.An increased number of bands 3.The presence of an acute infectious process 4.An increased number of mature neutrophils 5.An increased number of immature neutrophils

1 2 3 5

A decreased PT may be noted in which conditions? select all that apply 1. myocardial infarction 2. pulmonary embolism 3. hepatic disease 4. edema

1 2 4

Several laboratory tests are prescribed for a client, and the nurse reviews the results of the tests. Which laboratory test results should the nurse report? Select all that apply. 1.Platelets, 35,000 mm3 (35 × 109/L) 2.Sodium, 150 mEq/L (150 mmol/L) 3.Potassium, 5.0 mEq/L (5.0 mmol/L) 4.Segmented neutrophils, 40% (0.40) 5.Serum creatinine, 1 mg/dL (88.3 mmol/L) 6.White blood cells, 3000 mm3 (3.0 × 109/L)

1 2 4 6

Elevated hematocrit is seen in : (Select all that apply) 1. dehydration 2. leukemia 3. polycythemia 4. iron deficiency anemia

1 3

The nurse is caring for a client with suspected hepatitis. What diagnostic test results will assist in confirming this client's diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1.Leukopenia 2.Elevated hemoglobin 3.Elevated liver enzymes 4.Elevated serum bilirubin level 5.Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 6.Elevated serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

1 3 4 6

A client is undergoing a 2-hour glucose tolerance test. The nurse assesses for which client factors that can interfere with the test period results? Select all that apply. 1.Experiencing stress 2.Fasting before the test period 3.Voiding during the test period 4.Eating a small snack or candy during the test period 5.Having an episode of diarrhea before the test period 6.Being unable to eat the entire test meal or vomiting some or all of the meal

1 4 6

A normal serum lipase level is _ to ___

0 to 160

The client is suspected of having a skeletal muscle disorder. Which isoenzyme value reported with the creatine kinase (CK) level should the nurse assess for elevation? 1.MM 2.MB 3.BB 4.MS

1

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). What are some conditions that can cause a decreased eGFR? Select all that apply.

1 3 5 6

The therapeutic range for serum phenytoin level is __ to __ mcg/ml

10 to 20

A normal serum ammonia level ranges from __ to ___

10 to 80

A normal range for a serum phosphate is _._ to _._ md/dL

3.0 to 4.5

A normal hematocrit for a female client is __% to __ %

37 to 47

A normal A1C for a patient should be _._ to _._ %

4.0 to 6.0

The normal hematocrit level for an adult male is __ % to __ %

42 to 52

The nurse is caring for a client with Paget's disease who has a serum calcium level of 12.3 mg/dL (3.1 mmol/L). The nurse should check to see that which medication is available in the stock medication supply for possible use to reverse this elevation? 1.Calcitonin 2.Vitamin D 3.Calcium chloride 4.Calcium gluconate

1

A patients segmented neutrophil count should be between __ and __ %

60 and 70

An elevated ___ is used to detect inflammation of joints associated with rheumatoid arthritis

esr

With DIC, the ______ level drops because it is being used in the clotting process

fibrinogen

A normal hemoglobin level for an adult female client is __ to __ g/dL

12 to 16

The albumin level can decrease during which conditions? select all that apply 1. dehydration 2. acute infection 3. burns 4. ascites

2 3 4

A client with a diagnosis of question of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is admitted to the unit. What blood tests would the nurse expect to be prescribed to confirm the diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1.Cardiac enzymes 2.Rheumatic factor 3.Fasting blood glucose 4.Antinuclear antibody (ANA) 5.Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 6.Anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)

2 4 5 5

The ambulatory care nurse is reviewing an adult client's laboratory test results and notes that the hematocrit level is 60% (0.60). The nurse recognizes that this level is most likely to be found in clients with which diagnosis? 1.Leukemia 2.Hemolytic anemia 3.Pernicious anemia 4.Iron deficiency anemia

3

The clinic nurse is caring for an infant who has been diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism. The nurse is reviewing the results of the laboratory tests for thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Which laboratory finding indicates a diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism? 1.A normal T4 level 2.An elevated T4 level 3.An elevated TSH level 4.A decreased TSH level

3

The nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that which medications will increase the sodium level? Select all that apply. 1.Laxatives 2.Stool softeners 3.Anabolic steroids 4.Oral contraceptives 5.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

3 4 5

The normal therapeutic range for digoxin is _._ to _._

0.5 TO 2.0

A therapeutic level for lithium is _._ to _._ and the toxic level is greater than _._

0.6 to 1.2 1.5

A child is receiving edetate calcium disodium (calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA]) by intravenous (IV) infusion for the treatment of lead poisoning. The primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribes a blood level lead concentration measurement. Which action should the nurse take to obtain the blood specimen? 1.Stop the IV infusion for 1 hour before obtaining the blood. 2.Irrigate the IV line with normal saline before drawing the blood. 3.Obtain the blood specimen on the extremity that is not receiving the IV infusion. 4.Maintain the client on NPO (nothing by mouth) status 12 hours before obtaining the blood specimen.

1

A client with a diagnosis of hyperphosphatemia has been treated with dietary management and phosphate binding gels. The client reports to the clinic, and the nurse is reviewing the laboratory results. Which reported serum phosphate level would indicate improvement in the client's condition? 1.4.0 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) 2.5.2 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) 3.6.0 mg/dL (1.9 mmol/L) 4.6.5 mg/dL (2.1 mmol/L)

1

The nurse is admitting a client who has a cough, dyspnea, and abnormal chest x-ray who is otherwise healthy. The client has an elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) level. Based on this result, what condition is the client at risk for? 1.Sarcoidosis 2.Pulmonary fibrosis 3.Bacterial pneumonia 4.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

1

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the serum sodium level is 150 mEq/L (150 mmol/L). The nurse understands that this value would be noted in which conditions? 1.Heart failure 2.Addison's disease 3.A severe burn injury 4.Adrenal insufficiency

1

A client has a urine specific gravity level of 1.034. The nurse determines that which causes or conditions can be related to this level? Select all that apply. 1.Glycosuria 2.Albuminuria 3.Dehydration 4.Diabetes insipidus 5.High creatinine level 6.Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

1 2 3

A client is undergoing a series of diagnostic tests. The laboratory results indicate an increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine ratio. The nurse determines that which potential conditions could contribute to these results? Select all that apply. 1.Dehydration 2.Catabolic state 3.High-protein diet 4.Fluid volume excess 5.Obstructive uropathy 6.Acute renal tubular acidosis

1 2 3 5

Symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis include : (select all that apply) 1. gross hematuria 2. gross proteinuria 3. small volume 4. large volume 5. frothy

1 2 3 5

The nurse is preparing to test a client's blood glucose level with a glucometer. Which steps would facilitate obtaining an accurate result? Select all that apply. 1.Hold the finger in a dependent position during the test. 2.Use gentle pressure to obtain an adequate amount of blood. 3.Obtain the blood specimen by puncturing the central tip of the finger. 4.Obtain the blood specimen by puncturing the lateral side of the finger. 5.Allow the drop of blood to form without squeezing near the puncture site. 6.Clean the site with an antiseptic swab, and then puncture the site immediately.

1 2 4

The nurse has been giving a client furosemide intravenously for an exacerbation of heart failure. The nurse monitors what potential abnormal blood levels that frequently occur when this medication is administered? Select all that apply. 1.Serum sodium 2.Serum protein 3.Serum albumin 4.Serum potassium 5.Serum creatinine

1 4

A client is undergoing a series of diagnostic tests. The laboratory results indicate an decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine ratio. The nurse determines that which potential conditions could contribute to these results? Select all that apply.

1. dehydration 2. fluid volume excess 3. acute renal tubular acidosis 4. high protein diet

The therapeutic range for serum theophylline is __ to __ mcg/ml

10 to 20

A client with atrial fibrillation who is receiving maintenance therapy of warfarin sodium has a prothrombin time (PT) of 35 seconds and an international normalized ratio (INR) of 3.5. On the basis of these laboratory values, the nurse anticipates which prescription? 1.Adding a dose of heparin sodium 2.Holding the next dose of warfarin 3.Increasing the next dose of warfarin 4.Administering the next dose of warfarin

2

The nurse is reviewing the client's results of preadmission laboratory studies for a complete blood count, electrolytes, coagulation studies, and creatinine before a surgical procedure. Which laboratory result should the nurse report immediately to the surgeon? 1.Platelet count 210,000 mm3 (210 x 109/L) 2.Hemoglobin (Hgb) level 8.9 g/dL (89 mmol/L) 3.Serum sodium level 141 mEq/L (141 mmol/L) 4.Serum creatinine level 0.8 mg/dL (71 mcmol/L)

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory blood test results for a client and notes that the hemoglobin S (Hgb S) value is elevated. The nurse determines that this laboratory finding is associated with which condition? 1.Aplastic anemia 2.Sickle cell anemia 3.Infectious mononucleosis 4.Acute lymphocytic leukemia

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who takes 325 mg of acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin, daily and has been having frequent nosebleed episodes. What blood level should the nurse review? 1.Hemoglobin (Hgb) 2.Prothrombin time (PT) 3.Red blood cell (RBC) level 4.Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

2

The nurse is reviewing the results of the electrolyte panel for a client seen in the clinic. The nurse determines that the client's sodium level is normal if which value is noted? 1.120 mEq/L (120 mmol/L) 2.142 mEq/L (142 mmol/L) 3.148 mEq/L (148 mmol/L) 4.152 mEq/L (152 mmol/L)

2

High levels of ammonia can result in which conditions? 1. proteinuria 2. encephalopathy 3. coma 4. blood dyscrasias

2 3

The nurse is collecting a 24-hour composite urine specimen. Besides electrolytes and glucose, what other components are measured? Select all that apply. 1.Blood 2.Protein 3.Minerals 4.Creatinine 5.17-ketosteroids 6.Catecholamines

2 3 4 5 6

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results from a lumbar puncture performed in a client with a diagnosis of meningitis. Which laboratory findings are expected to be noted with bacterial meningitis? Select all that apply. 1.Increased glucose level 2.Elevated protein level 3.Increased white blood cells (WBCs) 4.Clear appearance of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5.Elevated CSF pressure

2 3 5

A normal cholesterol level for an adult should be under ___mg/dL

200

A normal fibrinogen level should be ___ to ___ mg/dL

200 to 400

A therapeutic PTT is 1.5-2.5 times the normal which is ____ to __

28 and 35

The evening shift nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client's urine culture showing 100,000 bacterial units/mL of urine. What should be the nurse's action? 1.Notify the primary health care provider during rounds in the morning. 2.No action is needed because this is a normal value. 3.Page the primary health care provider with the results. 4.Collect another urine specimen to confirm the results.

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the differential white blood cell (WBC) count indicates a shift to the right. The nurse suspects that the client's diagnosis is most likely to be which one? 1.Sepsis 2.Pneumonia 3.Pernicious anemia 4.Coronary artery disease

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse notes that the red blood cell (RBC) count is increased. The nurse interprets that this finding may be related to which condition or treatment? 1.Iron deficiency 2.Vitamin deficiency 3.Corticosteroid therapy 4.Bone marrow depression

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with a diagnosis of thrombocytopenia purpura. The nurse should expect the results for platelet aggregation to be at which level? 1.Normal 2.Increased 3.Decreased 4.Insignificant

3

To detect the development of a chronic carrier state in a client with hepatitis, which laboratory test should the nurse assess? 1.Hepatitis B virus DNA 2.Prolonged prothrombin time 3.Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) 4.Antibody to surface antigen (anti-HBs)

3

The long-term care nurse about to give a daily dose of digoxin is told that a serum digoxin level drawn earlier in the day measured 2.4 ng/mL (2.7 nmol/L). Which action should the nurse take first? 1.Report the finding to the cardiologist. 2.Administer the daily dose of the medication. 3.Record the normal value on the intershift report sheet. 4.Gather data from the client related to signs of toxicity.

4

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results and notes that the prothrombin time (PT) is 7.0 seconds. The nurse understands that this PT value would be noted in which condition? 1.Hepatic disease 2.Cirrhosis of the liver 3.Factor VII deficiency 4.Deep vein thrombosis

4

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the albumin level is 3.0 g/dL (30 g/L). The nurse understands that this laboratory value would be noted in which condition? 1.Diarrhea 2.Dehydration 3.Multiple myeloma 4.Cirrhosis of the liver

4

A normal range for a serum protein level in an adult is __ to __

6.4 to 8.3

A normal serum amylase level ranges from __ to ___ depending on the lab running the test

60 to 120

_________, a thyroid hormones decreases plasma calcium level by increasing the incorporation of calcium into the bones, thus keeping it out of the serum

calcitonin

Serum sodium, potassium and _______ can all be potentially affected by the administration of furosemide

chloride

An elevated BUN may indicate _____ dysfunction

renal