Saunders unit VI (ch. 42 - Pediatric Medication Administration and Calculations)
7) Atropine sulfate, 0.6 mg intramuscularly, is prescribed for a child preoperatively. The nurse has determined that the dose prescribed is safe and prepares to administer how many milliliters to the child? Fill in the blank (refer to figure).
Answer: 1.5 Rationale: Use the formula for calculating the medication dose. Formula: Desired Available ×Volume= 0 6 mg 0.4 mg ×1mL=1.5mL
4) Sulfisoxazole, 1 g orally twice daily, is prescribed for an adolescent with a urinary tract infection. The medication label reads "500-mg tablets." The nurse has determined that the dosage prescribed is safe. The nurse administers how many tablets per dose to the adolescent? 1. ½ tablet 2. 1 tablet 3. 2 tablets 4. 3 tablets
Answer: 3 Rationale: Change 1 g to milligrams, knowing that 1000 mg = 1 g. Also, when converting from grams to milligrams (larger unit to smaller unit), move the decimal point 3 places to the right: 1 g=1000mg Next, use the formula to calculate the correct dose. Formula: Desired Available ×Tablet= 1000 mg 500 mg ×Tablet=2 tablets
1) The nurse is providing medication instructions to a parent. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further instruction? 1. "I need to cuddle my child after giving the medication." 2. "I can give my child a frozen juice bar after my child swallows the medication." 3. "I need to mix the medication in the baby food and give it when I feed my child." 4. "If my child does not like the taste of the medicine, I need to encourage my child to pinch the nose and drink the medication through a straw."
Answer: 3 Rationale: The nurse would teach the parent to avoid putting medications in foods because it may give an unpleasant taste to the food, and the child may refuse to accept the same food in the future. In addition, the child may not consume the entire serving and would not receive the required medication dosage. The parent needs to provide comfort measures— such as touching, holding, cuddling, or providing a favorite toy—immediately after medication administration. The parent could offer juice, a soft drink, or a frozen juice bar to the child after the child swallows the medication. If the taste of the medication is unpleasant, the child would pinch the nose and drink the medication through a straw.
3) A pediatric client with ventricular septal defect repair is placed on a maintenance dosage of digoxin. The dosage is 8 mcg/kg/day, and the client's weight is 7.2 kg. The pediatrician prescribes the digoxin to be given twice daily. The nurse prepares how many mcg of digoxin to administer to the child at each dose? 1. 12.6 mcg 2. 21.4 mcg 3. 28.8 mcg 4. 32.2 mcg
Answer: 3 Rationale: Calculate the daily dosage by weight first: 8 mcg×7 2kg=576mcg/day The pediatrician prescribes digoxin twice daily; 2 doses in 24 hours will be administered: 57 6mcg/day =28.8mcg for each dose 2 doses
2) A pediatrician's prescription reads "ampicillin sodium 125 mg IV every 6 hours." The medication label reads "when reconstituted with 7.4 mL of bacteriostatic water, the final concentration is 1 g/7.4 mL." The nurse prepares to draw up how many milliliters to administer 1 dose? 1. 1.1 mL 2. 0.54 mL 3. 7.425 mL 4. 0.925 mL
Answer: 4 Rationale: Convert 1 g to milligrams. In the metric system, to convert a larger unit to a smaller unit, multiply by 1000 or move the decimal point 3 places to the right: 1 g=1000 mg Formula: Desired Available ×Volume= 125 mg 1000 mg ×7 4mL=0925mLperdose
6) The nurse prepares to administer an intramuscular injection to a 4-month-old infant. The nurse selects which best site to administer the injection? 1. Gluteus 2. Lateral deltoid 3. Rectus femoris 4. Vastus lateralis
Answer: 4 Rationale: Intramuscular injection sites are selected on the basis of the child's age and muscle development of the child. The vastus lateralis is the best muscle group to use for intramuscular injection in a 4-month-old infant. The sites identified in options 1, 2, and 3 are unsafe for a child of this age.
5) Penicillin G procaine, 1,000,000 units IM (intramuscularly), is prescribed for an adolescent with an infection. The medication label reads "1,200,000 units per 2 mL." The nurse has determined that the dose prescribed is safe. The nurse administers how many milliliters per dose to the adolescent? Round answer to the nearest tenth position. 1. 0.8 mL 2. 1.2 mL 3. 1.4 mL 4. 1.7 mL
Answer: 4 Rationale: Use the medication calculation formula. Formula: Desired Available ×Volume= 1,000,000 1, 200,000 ×2 mL=1.66=1.7 mL per dose
