SC1050- Social Structure (Ch. 4), Social Stratification (Ch. 7) & Global Stratification (Ch. 8)

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In 2014, the wealthiest 20 percent of households in the United States received approximately __________ of the total income pie.

Selected Answer: a. 50 percent

Which of the following countries would best be described as a Third World nation?

Selected Answer: a. Ethiopia

Role conflict and role strain are essentially the same thing.

Selected Answer: a. False

A 2016 Oxfam report indicated that the richest 62 individuals in the world own as much wealth as the poorest half of the world's population.

Selected Answer: a. True

​A(n) __________ status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control, such as race/ethnicity, age, and gender.

Selected Answer: a. ​ascribed

The terms "First World," "Second World," and "Third World" categorize countries according to __________.​

Selected Answer: a. ​degree of economic development

​Schools, churches, and corporations are examples of __________ groups.

Selected Answer: a. ​secondary

​A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties, and it exists independently of the specific people occupying the position.

Selected Answer: a. ​status

According to the United Nations, the gap in literacy rates between women and men has virtually disappeared.

Selected Answer: b. False

In the United States, people over the age of 65 are the most likely to be poor.

Selected Answer: b. False

Women's lower socioeconomic status is the primary explanation for poverty in the United States today.

Selected Answer: b. False

According to the definition from the United Nations, people who can only write their name or simple figures are not considered literate.

Selected Answer: b. True

There have been no improvements in health status, literacy, and lessening of extreme poverty throughout the world over the past 50 years.

Selected Answer: b. True

Which region of the world has the lowest life expectancy for persons born in 2015?

Selected Answer: b. sub-Saharan Africa

​Jane defines herself first and foremost as a student. For Jane, being a student is considered her _________ status.

Selected Answer: b. ​master

Nations with industrializing economies, particularly in urban areas, and moderate levels of national and personal income are termed __________.​

Selected Answer: b. ​middle-income countries

The __________, named after a U.S. secretary of state, provided massive sums of money in direct aid and loans to rebuild the European economic base destroyed during World War II.

Selected Answer: c. Marshall Plan

Low-income countries are primarily __________ and have little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income.

Selected Answer: c. agrarian nations

Global stratification_________________________________________.

Selected Answer: c. involves the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige on a global basis

__________ is the most likely to have life-threatening consequences, such as when a homeless person freezes to death on a park bench.​

Selected Answer: c. ​Absolute poverty

After several decades of development programs sponsored by the World Bank and the United Nations, global poverty __________.​

Selected Answer: c. ​continued to increase

​Sociologists define a(n) __________ as a larger, more specialized group in which members engage in more impersonal, goal-oriented relationships for a limited period of time.

Selected Answer: c. ​secondary group

​A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties, and it exists independently of the specific people occupying the position.

Selected Answer: c. ​status

The average life expectancy at birth of people in low-HDI countries is about __________ years less than that of people in very-high-HDI nations.

Selected Answer: d. 20

In 2014, the wealthiest 20 percent of households in the United States received approximately __________ of the total income pie.

Selected Answer: d. 50 percent

Which of these is an example of an achieved status?

Selected Answer: d. husband

__________ poverty refers to the condition in which people do not have the means to secure the most basic necessities of life.​

Selected Answer: d. ​Absolute

China, North Korea, Vietnam, Cuba, and portions of the former Soviet Union have been considered examples of __________ nations.​

Selected Answer: d. ​Second World

​Jorge is a male born to Mexican American parents; he was assigned these positions at birth. He is an adult and—if he lives long enough—will someday become an "older adult," later in life. All of these are considered __________ statuses.

Selected Answer: d. ​ascribed

​Regardless of a person's other characteristics, which of these is most likely to become a stigmatized master status?

Selected Answer: d. ​homeless

The __________ is a measure of the number of deaths per thousand live births in a calendar year.​

Selected Answer: d. ​infant mortality rate

​For any particular status, __________ refers to how a person actually behaves within her role.

Selected Answer: d. ​role performance

Carlos is a freshman at the local college. As a student, he is feeling pressure. He wants to party like the rest of his fraternity brothers, but at the same time, he wants to maintain his 4.0 grade point average. Sociologists would say that Carlos is experiencing _________.

Selected Answer: d. ​role strain


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