Schema Theory in Reading

Compare and Contrast

- Type of Text Structure - Comparing how things are the same / different

Description

- Type of Text Structure - Details

Problem and Solution

- Type of Text Structure - Problem, which is solved

Cause and Effect

- Type of Text Structure - Something causes something else to happen

Sequence

- Type of Text Structure - Steps - Specific order

Sir Frederic Bartlett (1886-1969)

He was a British psychologist and one of the precursors of cognitive psychology.

Content Schemata (Carrell & Eisterhold, 1983, p.80)

It is a type of schemata that contains conceptual knowledge or information about what usually happens within a certain topic, and how these happenings relate to each other to form a coherent whole.

Cultural Schemata (Richard et al., 2000, p.117)

It is a type of schemata that define culture as "the total set of beliefs, attitudes, customs, behavior, social habits, etc., of the members of a particular society".

Cultural Schemata (Rivers and Temperley, 1978, p.202)

It is a type of schemata that is called "socio-cultural meaning "which is "meaning which springs from shared experiences, values and attitudes".

Content Schemata (Carrell & Eisterhold, 1983, p.80)

It is a type of schemata that refers to "background knowledge of the content area of the text".

Formal Schemata (Carrell and Eisterhold, 1983, p.79).

It is a type of schemata that refers to "background knowledge of the formal, rhetorical organizational structures of different types of texts

Linguistic Schemata

It is a type of schemata that refers to the knowledge about vocabulary and grammar.

Formal Schemata

It is a type of schemata where different genres have different structure and lack of such kind of knowledge also contributes considerably to the problems in reading comprehension.

Cultural Schemata (Steffensen et al., 1979)

It is a type of schemata where different groups may interpret the same texts differently and it is important to be sensitive to cultural differences, particularly, of the target culture, and without such cultural awareness there may be no efficient and total comprehension.

Formal Schemata (An, 2013)

It is a type of schemata where different kinds of texts and discourse are distinguished by the ways in which the topic, propositions, and other information are linked together to form a unit.

Sir Frederic Bartlett (1886-1969)

The schema theory was one of the leading cognitivist learning theories and was introduced by him in 1932 and further developed in the '70s by Richard Anderson.

Text Structures

These are organizational patterns found within the text types.

Schema (An, 2013)

a text only provides directions for readers as to how they should retrieve or construct meaning from their own previously acquired knowledge

Schema (An, 2013)

an active organization of past reactions or experiences