Science Ch5
how many valance electrons do alkali metals in Group 1 on the periodic table have
1 valance electron
What two things can happen to an atom in order for it to become more stable?
1) The number of valence electrons increases to eight. or 2) The atom gives up loosely held valence electrons.
how many electrons do halogens have?
7
How many atoms does an element need to be more stable or less likely to react?
8
how many atoms do inert gases have how many valence electrons? Exception is Helium. How many does Helium have.
8 2
True or False Atoms with eight valence electrons easily form compounds.
False
increasing atomic number is the number of what?
Protons
What does the periodic table reveal?
The underlying atomic structure of atoms, including the arrangement of the electrons.
what happens when an atom becomes chemically combined or bonded to other atoms?
They react by increasing valence electrons so they have 8 or they give up loosly held valence electrons.
Hydrogen is located
above Group 1 in the periodic table.
why do halogens react easily with elements whose atoms can give up or share electrons?
because if they gain 1 electron they will have 8 and be stable
what does each dot stand for in the electron dot diagram?
each dot stands for one valence electron.
define valence electrons
electrons that have the highest energy level and are held most loosely
what is the most reactive element known
fluorine
which element forms compounds with some of the inert gases
fluorine
Each element has a specific number of valence electrons . What is the range?
from 1 to 8
How reactive a metal is depends on
how easily its atoms lose valence electrons.
what does the number of valence electrons in an atom of an element determine?
many properties of that element, including the ways in which the atom can bond with other atoms.
Groups 2 through 12 of the periodic table are what sort of element
metals
Several elements known as semimetals lie along a zigzag line between the
metals and nonmetals
depending on the conditions semimetals can behave as either
metals or nonmetals
How many valance electrons do most elements in group 2 through 12 have?
one, two or three valence electrons.
Of the non metals, which elements are highly reactive?
oxygen and the halogens
Group 2 (alkaline earth metals) lose electrons easily and are almost as reactive as
the alkali metals of Group 1
What does an electron dot diagram show us?
the symbol for the element surrounded by dots.
Platinum (Pt) in Group 10 and gold (Au) in Group 11 are unreactive or reactive
unreactive
If you know the number of valence electrons that atoms of different elements have, you have a clue as to?
which elements combine and how.
is Hydrogen reactive?
yes
how many valence electrons do semimetals have
3 to 6
Elements in the pale green color-coded region of the periodic table are the nonmetals. How many are: solids, gases and liquid
5 solids 4 gases 1 liquid
what family is in Group 1 on the periodic table?
alkali metals
The Periodic table of elements is arranged horizontally in order of
increasing atomic number
The Group 18 elements are called what
inert gases
why is hydrogen placed above group 1
it has only one valence electron however it is not considered a metal. Its properties differ greatly from those of the alkali metals.
name some elements that have 8 valence electrons and are unreactive.
neon, argon, krypton, and xenon
The Periodic Table of the elements is arranged vertically in columns of elements with
similar chemical properties
what is a chemical bond?
the force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the rearrangement of electrons between them.
how do semimetals react
they can either loose or share electrons when they combine with other elements
How do the elements in group 2 through 12 react?
they react by losing these electrons especially when they combine with oxygen or one of the halogens
What happens to electrons when atoms bond?
Electrons may be transferred from one atom to another or They may be shared between the atoms.
True or False Atoms usually react in a way that makes each atom more stable.
True
True or False When atoms bond the change results in a chemical reaction that is, new substances form.
True
true or false In general the reactivity of metals decreases from left to right across the periodic table
True
how do nonmetals usually combine with metals
by gaining electrons. But nonmetals can also combine with other nonmetals by sharing electrons
what group of elements are in group 17
halogens