Science chapter 4 section 2

Types of asexual reproduction

1) fission, 2) mitotic cell division 3) budding, 4) animal regeneration, 5) vegetative regeneration, 6) cloning

disadvantages of asexual reproduction

1) genetically identical to parent: little genetic variation 2) genetic changes called mutations will passed onto offspring : this could affect offspring's ability to survive if the mutation is harmful

advantage of asexual reproduction

1)organisms can reproduce without mate. 2) allows organism to rapidly produce a large number of offspring . allows one plant to spread and colonize an area

How many haploid cells are produced during meiosis?

4 haploid sex cells from 1 diploid cell

Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction

asexual reproduction: 1)DNA from on parent organism 2) no fertilization, 3) genetically identical to parent organism and other offspring sexual reproduction: 1)DNA from 2 different parent cells. 2) sperm and egg combine to produce offspring: fertilization 3) offspring have DNA from both parents so not identical to parent cell or other offspring but are similar

plant cloning

done with tissue cultures. makes possible plant growers to make copies of plants with desirable traits : sweet fruit also greater number of plants can be produced than with vegetative reproduction

animal regeneration

form of asexual reproduction that Occurs when an offspring grows a from a piece of its parent. sea star loses an arm if it has part of the central disc example: sea star, planarian, sea urchin

Budding

form of asexual reproduction: a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent. genetically identical to its parent. when the bud becomes large enough, it can break from parent and live on its own. example: yeast, hydra

mitotic cell division

form of asexual reproduction: an organism forms offspring first the nucleus divides by mitosis and next the cytoplasm and its contents divide through cytokinesis and 2 new organism form. many unicellular eukaryotes reproduce this way. example: amoeba

fission

form of asexual reproduction: cell division that forms 2 genetically identical cells example: bacteria can divide rapidly through fission

vegetative reproduction

form of asexual reproduction: offspring grow from part of a parent plant example strawberries, potatoes, geraniums

cloning

form of asexual reproduction; performed in a laboratory that produces identical individuals from a cell or a cluster of cells taken from a multicellular organism example: cell cluster on nutrient agar can be plant or animal example carrot or sheep

animal cloning

genetic copy of its parent. scientist are currently working to save endangered species from extinction by cloning many ethical issues

asexual reproduction

one parent organism produces offspring without meiosis or fertilization. Offspring is genetically identical to each other and parent