Science: Cumulative Exam

A widow's peak is dominant over a straight hairline. The genotypes of the offspring are WW, Ww, ww, and ww. A widow's peak is dominant over a straight hairline. The genotypes of the offspring are WW, Ww, ww, and ww. What are the phenotypes of the offspring?

2 widow's peak, 2 straight hairline

Snails have a diploid chromosome number of 22. After meiosis, the snail's sperm or egg would have 11 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would the zygote have after fertilization?

22

Purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. The parent generation includes two heterozygous parents. What are the possible phenotypes of these parents' offspring?

3 purple and 1 white

Which is an example of an environmental influence that would most likely result in natural selection? The soil in a field always has lots of nutrients, so corn plants in a population can grow quickly. A fish is born with a genetic mutation that produces a longer tail, allowing the fish to swim faster than others in the population. A food resource disappears in a pond, and some frogs in a population can eat the remaining food resource, while others cannot. The temperature in a lake remains constant, so most of the turtle population survives to adulthood.

A food resource disappears in a pond, and some frogs in a population can eat the remaining food resource, while others cannot.

The picture shows two different species of mammals that use wings to glide among tree tops. However, scientists theorize that these mammals are not closely related. Which best explains why these two animals look so similar if they are not closely related?

They live in similar environments and have analogous structures adapted to them.

A DNA sequence is shown. AAT - CCG - GTG Which sequence best shows the result of a substitution mutation in the DNA?

AAT - CCA - GTG

rendan made a chart to categorize the characteristics of animals. Which phrase should be written in the column titled "Always"?

Are multicellular

Which are components of cell theory? Check all that apply.

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things, All cells come from other cells, and all cells come from nonliving matter,

Which occurs during both DNA replication and protein production?

DNA unzips

Nico is reading an article about two fossils that appear to have a common ancestor. Fossil X has a much more complex bone structure than fossil Y. What does this most likely suggest about the fossils?

Fossil X evolved later in Earths history than fossil Y

Janelle thinks that genetic engineering could be used to make a larger fruit rather than cloning the fruit. Which would best support her point of view?

Genetic engineering does not result in genetically identical organisms

To study for a test, Gerald made this table summarizing the functions of flower structures. If Gerald memorized this table to study for his test, which statement can most likely be made about his test results?

Gerald missed a question on the sepal.

Clem is homozygous for earlobe type. What does this mean?

He has two of the same alleles for earlobe type, one from each parent.

A person with a bacterial infection is taking amoxicillin, which is an antibiotic. The bacteria that are causing the infection have mutated and fight off the amoxicillin. Which best summarizes this mutation?

It is harmful to the person and beneficial to the bacteria

Lunularia cruciata is a species of plant that grows close to the ground in moist areas. It cannot grow in dry areas because it cannot transport water through its tissues. What is most likely true about this species?

It is nonvascular

Which statement describes the blood type of a person with the alleles ii?

It is type O because i is recessive

How does cellular respiration help heal a bruise?

It produces the energy used to heal cells

Which scientist most inspired Darwin to pursue his studies of evolution? Linnaeus, who first proposed that humans and primates are similar Malthus, who thought that populations could outgrow their food sources Linnaeus, who thought that populations could outgrow their food sources Malthus, who first proposed that humans and primates are similar

Malthus, who thought that populations could outgrow their food sources.

Which example is most similar to the evidence that Darwin used to support his idea of natural selection?

Mice that are able to blend into their environment and escape predators are likely to survive and reproduce

Jen makes a Venn diagram to compare active transport and passive transport. Which label belongs in the region marked X?

Moves molecules

Large areas on the leaves of some plants lack chlorophyll and are therefore not green in color. How does this most likely affect photosynthesis?

Not enough sunlight is captured in these areas of the leaves.

A teacher makes a Venn diagram to compare asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Which label belongs in the region marked X?

Produces offspring

A scientist is observing a gymnosperm. It is a desert shrub with needle-like leaves. The shrub has a deep root system and produces cones. Which gymnosperm is the scientist most likely observing?

She is observing a gnetophyte because, unlike other gymnosperms, gnetophytes can grow as shrubs in deserts.

A cell is put into a liquid and remains its original size. What is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this observation?

The concentration of water in the cell is the same as in the liquid, so water is moving in and out of the cell at the same rate.

A population of ducks lives in an area that floods many times each year. Some of the ducks are better at finding food on dry land, while other ducks are better at finding food in wet, muddy areas. Eventually, the land around the lake permanently changes from dry soil to wet, marshy mud. How will this change to the land most likely affect the duck population?

The population will evolve so that most ducks are better at finding food in wet, muddy areas.

The diagram shows the embryological development of a species. Which is best supported by the diagram?

The species could be human because it has gill slits, limb buds, and a tail.

Mums are plants that bloom in the fall. Which statement describes the photoperiodism of mums?

They bloom when the nights are longer

How do naturally occurring hormones affect plants?

They keep buds inactive in winter, speed up the growth of plant cells, and ripen fruits.

Study the diagram of a cell. Which structures are found in both plant and animal cells?

W and Z

Look at this diagram of a plant. Which label points to the feature of angiosperms that holds the developed seeds?

X

Examine the images of a plant cell in the different stages of mitosis. Which lists the steps in the correct order?

ZWYX

Which of the following pieces of equipment is directly used to make measurements?

balance

Which two activities provide the reactants for cellular respiration?

breathing in air and eating food

The more bonds an atom can make, the more likely it is to combine with other atoms in different ways. Which element is most likely able to make the greatest variety of bonds?

carbon

The diagram represents the general equation for photosynthesis. What does the X represent?

carbon dioxide

The diagram shows a shell fossil. Which type of fossil is shown?

cast

The Punnett square shows the results when two parent cows are crossed. R represents the allele for red hair, and r represents the allele for white hair. Which best describes this inheritance pattern?

codominance because the offspring display alleles for both hair colors

Which structures are found in all cells?

cytoplasm, cell membrane

Which organelles are involved in the production of proteins?

endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome

Bipalium kewense is a species of flatworm that can reproduce sexually; however, instead it usually breaks into two pieces, each of which becomes a fully functioning adult. What is the main method of reproduction for these flatworms?

fragmentation

Study the cladogram. Which organism is most closely related to the fish?

frog

A rabbit is heterozygous for fur color. Black fur is dominant (B) and brown fur is recessive (b). Which describes the rabbit's genotype and phenotype?

genotype: Bb phenotype: black fur

Which example is most likely an organic compound?

glucose, which is a sugar made by plants

Andrew gathered several different species of seed plants. Which three characteristics do all the plants most likely share?

have xylem and phloem; lack rhizoids

Which structure in a plant is at the same level of organization as a heart in an animal?

leaf

After concluding his research, which statements would Virchow agree with? Check all that apply.

living things can only come from living things, Cells come from pre-existing cells.

Some animals shiver as a natural, involuntary response to their environment. Shivering generates heat. This is an example of which function?

maintaining homeostasis by regulating body temperature

The image shows a spruce tree, which is a gymnosperm. Which characteristic can be used to classify the tree as a gymnosperm rather than "any other type of seed" plant?

naked seeds

Blue-green algae are colored prokaryotes that can be unicellular or can form colonies of cells, but they are not truly multicellular. This algae species is autotrophic, needs sunlight, and performs photosynthesis. Are blue-green algae plants?

no, because they are not multicellular or eukaryotic

A gardener wants to grow plants with large purple flowers. She crosses two parent plants that have large purple flowers in order to produce the desired trait in the offspring. Which best describes this scenario?

selective breeding

A wedge-capped capuchin is a species of South American monkeys. They live in groups that typically have one male and several females. Sometimes young males live in a group too in order to help take care of the young. Most groups have a dominant female that often displays aggression toward other females and young males in the group. Which best describes the group behavior of these monkeys?

social hierarchy

he chart shows shared characteristics of three different species. Which organisms are most closely related?

species B and C

Suzanne drew a diagram to compare the functions of roots and leaves. Which characteristic belongs in the area marked Y?

stores food

On a warm summer day, a deer is searching for something to drink. The deer is most likely responding to which kind of stimulus?

the internal stimulus of thirst

This cell is undergoing a step of meiosis I. What step is the cell in?

the middle of metaphase I

The diagram shows a section of DNA. What is the arrow labeled X pointing to?

thymine

Which best describes the plant?

vascular because it has true roots

Denise made a diagram to compare characteristics of two kinds of plants. Which label belongs in the area marked Z?

xylem